Translational Journal of the ACSM最新文献

{"title":"Bioelectrical Impedance for Accuracy Detecting Body Composition Changes during an Activity Intervention","authors":"P. Schneider, D. Bassett, Dixie L. Thompson, S. Crouter","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000041","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Body composition is an important component of an individual's health and fitness profile. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in detecting percent body fat (%BF) changes throughout a physical activity intervention in previously sedentary, overweight men and women. Fourteen men (mean ± SD; 46 ± 7 yr) and 22 women (47 ± 5 yr) with a body mass index of ≥25 kg·m−2 participated in an intervention of 10,000 steps per day for 36 wk. %BF was measured by air displacement plethysmography (ADP; criterion measure) and BIA at baseline, 20 wk, and 36 wk. During the 36-wk intervention, the women lost 1.6 ± 4.8 kg and the men lost 3.9 ± 4.2 kg. There was a significant three-way interaction for %BF across time points, device, and sex (P = 0.019). Among women, ADP and BIA detected %BF changes of −1.9% ± 2.0% and 0.5% ± 1.8%, respectively, from baseline to 20 wk, and −1.5% ± 2.3% and 0.3% ± 2.5%, respectively, from baseline to 36 wk. Among men, ADP and BIA detected %BF changes of −1.9% ± 1.8% and −1.5% ± 1.9%, respectively, from baseline to 20 wk, and −2.8% ± 3.7% and −2.3% ± 2.6%, respectively, from baseline to 36 wk. There was a significant difference in the accuracy of BIA in detecting %BF changes compared with ADP in women but not men on a group level. However, on an individual level, there was greater variation in BIA's accuracy in tracking %BF changes in both sexes. Compared with ADP, BIA is a suitable method for detecting %BF changes in a group of overweight men, but not women. However, caution should be exercised when using BIA to track body composition changes in either sex on an individual level.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122133591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors in Primary Care Patients with Recent Intentional Weight Loss","authors":"B. Barone Gibbs, D. Tudorascu, C. Bryce, D. Comer, G. Fischer, R. Hess, K. Huber, K. McTigue, L. Simkin-Silverman, M. Conroy","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000040","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lifestyle habits of primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss are unclear and need to be better understood to aid in translational health promotion efforts. We aimed to characterize diet and exercise habits in primary care patients with recent, intentional weight loss, comparing those with greater (≥10%) versus lesser (5% to <10%) weight loss. This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized trial comparing weight loss maintenance interventions. The study included primary care patients, 18–75 yr old, with ≥5% intentional weight loss via lifestyle change in the past 2 yr. Participants (74% female, 87% white) were 53 ± 12 yr of age, had a body mass index of 30.4 ± 5.9 kg·m−2, and had a recent weight loss of 11% ± 8% (mean ± SD). Dietary habits were measured by the Diet Habits Survey. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured by self-report and objectively by pedometer. On average, participants reported high fruits and vegetables intake (five servings per day) and low intake of fried foods (one serving per week), desserts (one serving per week), and sugar-sweetened beverages (zero servings per week). Those with greater versus lesser weight loss had higher intake of fruits and vegetables (P = 0.037) and low-fat foods or recipes (P = 0.019). Average self-reported moderate-vigorous physical activity was 319 ± 281 min·wk−1, with significant differences between greater (374 ± 328 min·wk−1) versus lesser (276 ± 230 min·wk−1) weight loss groups (P = 0.017). By pedometer, 30% had ≥7500 steps per day; the proportion was higher in greater (43%) versus lesser (19%) weight loss groups (P = 0.005). For weight loss, clinical patients typically use simple strategies such as five or more fruits and vegetables per day, fried foods and desserts ⩽1·wk−1, elimination of sugary drinks, choosing low-fat foods/recipes, and physical activity 45–60 min·d−1.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130807693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ubiquity of the Screen: An Overview of the Risks and Benefits of Screen Time in Our Modern World","authors":"A. LeBlanc, K. Gunnell, Stephanie A. Prince, T. Saunders, Joel D. Barnes, J. Chaput","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000039","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sedentary behavior, and specifically screen-based sedentary behavior, has been a focus for health researchers, engineers, telecommunications companies, gamers, and the media for many years. In recent years, research in this area has proliferated at an exponential rate. On one side, arguments have been made that screen time is harmful to the healthy growth and development of children and youth. On the other side, modern technology has far surpassed any prediction of success and become a fixture of daily living, making life easier and providing opportunities never thought possible. Regardless, screens have become omnipresent in our society, and it is important to understand the risks and the benefits associated with their use. Excessive time spent in various sedentary behaviors can coexists in a lifestyle that includes sufficient levels of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity, but research has shown that for optimal health benefits, individuals should be both physically active and limit their sedentary behaviors (especially screen time). This narrative review provides a brief history of research on sedentary behavior in the context of screen time, the evolution of screens and screen time, highlights the risks and benefits of screen-based sedentary behavior, and provides experimental evidence for reductions in habitual screen time.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127062907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual Dysfunction in Females Presenting to a Pediatric Sports Medicine Practice","authors":"Anastasia Fischer, J. Yang, Bhavna Singichetti, Julie A. Young","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000037","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the prevalence of menstrual dysfunction (MD) among injured female athletes presenting to a pediatric primary care sports medicine clinic and to examine the influence of type of injury (acute or overuse) and type of sports participation (i.e., lean build sports [LBS], non–lean build sports [NLBS], or combination [CBS]) on the likelihood of experiencing MD to recommend better screening practices for these athletes. Demographics and menstrual history were collected from females (10–18 yr) presenting with a new musculoskeletal injury, along with type of injury and participation in LBS (n = 156), NLBS (n = 243), or CBS (n = 92). Logistic regression models were used to determine the odds of MD, adjusting for age and body mass index. Of 491 females who met inclusion criteria for the study, 15.9% reported MD. Females experiencing MD were likely to be older at menarche (12.3 vs 11.9, P = 0.006), with a similar body mass index (P = 0.244). Female athletes experiencing an acute or overuse injury had a similar risk of experiencing MD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.40, 95% CI = 0.85–2.28). Females who participated in LBS were as likely as those who participated in NLBS to have MD (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI = 0.86–2.66). However, participation in NLBS or CBS tended to protect injured females from MD as compared with sole LBS participation (AOR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.46–1.29), although the relationship was not statistically significant. MD is prevalent in adolescent female athletes presenting with musculoskeletal injuries; however, it is not associated with the type of injury or type of sport in which the athlete participates. All adolescent females presenting with musculoskeletal injury should be screened for MD.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133903680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrated Research–Practice Partnership for Physical Activity Promotion in a Statewide Program","authors":"Alicia Everette, A. Brooks, NithyaPriya S Ramalingam, Tia Powell, R. Eaton, E. Serrano, S. Harden","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000035","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is paucity of physical activity videos that are open access and visually feature diverse populations (i.e., varying age, race, and body mass index). These resources may better integrate with programs delivered in health disparate areas through visual role modeling. Through an integrated research–practice partnership, resources titled Move More, Virginia! were created to fill this gap. This study's purpose was to determine knowledge, perceptions, and usage of the new resources among peer educators who deliver community-based programming within Cooperative Extension. A mixed-methods design determined peer educators' sociodemographics, health-related characteristics, and Move More, Virginia! video perceptions. Two independent focus groups were conducted with a peer educator subset to further explore physical activity associated with their health educator roles. Researchers independently coded focus group transcriptions through a grounded theory approach to determine emergent themes and subthemes, expressed through meaning units (MU), related to resource perceptions. Quantitative data statistical analysis included independent t-tests and descriptive statistics. The peer educator majority were middle-aged females and considered overweight or obese. Focus group responses (n = 15) led to the emergence of four themes related to physical activity itself: barriers to incorporating physical activity into programs (n = 189 MU), physical activity facilitators (n = 106 MU), current delivery of physical activity (n = 102 MU), and physical activity barriers (n = 16 MU). When prompted to share video feedback, the top theme was positive video feedback (n = 105 MU). These findings provide deeper understanding of physical activity and the organizational culture of a statewide entity that may influence adoption of physical activity resources, thus guiding future translation of physical activity intervention within statewide programs.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122925075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Research Agenda for the Profession of Kinesiology: A Modified Delphi Study","authors":"N. Wayne, Rebecca Ataman, S. Fischer, Leanne Smith, C. Larivière, Scott Thomas, C. Sutherland, John Z. Srbely, D. Santa Mina","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000034","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Optimal delivery of health care service requires evidence-based practice by the professionals within their respective fields. Kinesiology recently became a regulated health profession in the Province of Ontario, drawing on principles of movement science in related areas of human clinical and performance disciplines to appropriately guide practice. However, with the addition of kinesiology to the class of regulated health professions, research that specifically guides service delivery and best practice policy is needed. A clear research agenda with identified priorities within the profession of kinesiology that is informed by current practitioners and stakeholders will enhance the discipline by ensuring clinical excellence and scientific relevance. A mixed methods Delphi study for consensus building was used, consisting of four rounds of participant engagement including baseline focus groups, online Delphi survey (two rounds), and final ranking of top research questions. In the final round, Kendall's W was used to determine agreement among participants on final questions. n = 67 participated in the focus groups, and n = 104, 102, 102 kinesiologists participated in rounds 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Two hundred and eighteen baseline research questions were identified from the focus groups, spanning three thematic areas: clinical skills, education/professional development, and contemporary issues/advocacy for professionals. Following the conclusion of the third round, 32 research questions achieved consensus of “significant importance.” The list of 32 questions was prioritized by respondents to identify the top 10 research questions for professional kinesiology, which reached statistical concordance (W = 0.44, P < 0.001). This is the inaugural research agenda for registered kinesiologists. Consensus-based research priorities identified in this agenda should be considered when designing and allocating resources to professional kinesiology research.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133632566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Aerobic Fitness and Academic Achievement among Elementary School Youth","authors":"Melissa L. Fair, J. Reed, S. M. Hughey, A. Powers, S. King","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000033","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Physical activity (PA) and fitness are important for both healthy physical and mental development in youth, including positive effects for academic achievement. Several studies have shown positive associations between PA and academic achievement or cognitive function. However, fewer studies have examined these associations with large representative samples of youth with objective measurement of aerobic fitness and body composition. Therefore, the present study examined the association between aerobic fitness and academic achievement in a large sample of fourth and fifth grade youth from a large southeastern school district. In 2013, objectively measured aerobic capacity via FitnessGram® Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run was collected for all fourth and fifth grade youth (n = 8641) in a southeastern US county, along with several demographic characteristics. Students also completed the Palmetto Assessment of State Standards test for the following subjects: writing, English/language arts, math, science, and social studies. Multilevel linear regression models were used to examine associations between aerobic fitness and all subject test scores while controlling for demographic characteristics. Results from multilevel linear regression indicate that even after controlling for important covariates, including sex, race/ethnicity, school lunch status, grade level, and youth body mass index, there was a significant positive association between aerobic fitness and academic achievement in writing, English/language arts, math, science, and social studies. Further analysis indicated that the association between increased aerobic fitness and subject test scores was not modified by sex. In conclusion, these findings are supported by previous research highlighting the important role that aerobic fitness for elementary school youth plays in healthy brain development during this rapid period of growth and acquisition of cognitive skills, thus impacting lifelong academic achievement and educational attainment.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114967870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translational Gap between Laboratory and Playing Field: New Era to Solve Old Problems in Sports Science","authors":"J. Eisenmann","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000032","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT “Bridging the gap” and “science into practice” have long been themes in high-performance sports training, conditioning, and monitoring. Recently, parallel developments in sports science and translational science in the United States have perhaps set the stage for a new era to solve old problems. This article will discuss the trends in sports science in the United States, provide an overview of translational science and knowledge management, summarize and align existing translational science research models, address problems and potential solutions in the translational sports science framework, and provide examples of research that have translated sports science research into practice. The objectives of this article are to stimulate collaborations between academics and practitioners and to provide solutions for harmonizing integrated sports performance models.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124665477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a Workplace-Driven Sit–Stand Initiative on Sitting Time and Work Outcomes","authors":"S. Adeleke, G. Healy, Christine Smith, A. Goode, B. Clark","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000027","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Modifications to workplaces, including installation of sit–stand work stations, have been shown to be effective in reducing the amount of time workers spend sitting. This study begins to build practice-based evidence through a pragmatic evaluation of workplace environmental changes aimed at reducing sitting time through installing sit–stand workstations in a workplace with an existing organizational culture of supporting and promoting activity-based work. Participants were recruited from the work site of a single organization, which had sit–stand desks installed for all workers in 2015. Before desk installation, and 3 months after installation, workers were invited to complete a survey, with physical activity over the whole day; sitting, standing, moving, and breaking up sitting time at work; and sitting and standing outside work evaluated. Paired t-tests were used to analyze changes in these activity measures pre- and postinstallation. A total of 157 workers completed the baseline survey (52% of total staff), with 79 workers completing the survey at both baseline and follow-up (82% female, 61% 40+ yr; baseline percent workplace sitting = 77%, SD = 17%). From baseline to follow-up, participants decreased their workplace percent sitting time (mean change = −17%, 95% confidence interval = −22% to −13%, P < 0.01) and increased their workplace percent standing time (mean change = +15%, 95% confidence interval = 11%–19%, P < 0.01). Changes in workplace moving, frequency of breaks from sitting, physical activity over the week, and sitting and standing time outside work hours were small and not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Findings from this natural experiment suggest that the installation of sit–stand workstations into an activity-promoting workplace environment may be effective for reducing sitting time and increasing standing in office workers.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"270 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121949270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Interventions for Prostate Cancer Survivors Receiving Hormone Therapy: Systematic Review","authors":"E. Moe, Joanna Chadd, M. McDonagh, M. Valtonen, W. Horner-Johnson, K. Eden, J. Guise, L. Nail, K. Winters-Stone","doi":"10.1249/TJX.0000000000000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1249/TJX.0000000000000025","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prostate cancer survivors (PCS) receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) often experience adverse effects that negatively affect physical function and quality of life. Exercise may ameliorate those treatment adverse effects, and effective, scalable interventions to increase exercise behaviors are needed. The objective of our review is to evaluate both the efficacy and the implementation methods of exercise interventions for PCS receiving ADT. We searched MEDLINE®, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through May 2016. Randomized controlled trials of exercise intervention PCS receiving ADT were included. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (#CRD42015017348). Two authors independently reviewed articles for inclusion and risk of bias. Nine articles describing eight randomized controlled trials were included. The included interventions varied in training type (resistance or aerobic), length of intervention, dose of training (number of exercise sessions per week), and whether training was supervised or unsupervised. Despite heterogeneous interventions, varied measures, and generally short duration of training (average of 12 wk), improvements in fitness, symptoms, physical function, and quality of life were reported. The exercise training sessions were well attended, because few participants discontinued their participation in the exercise interventions, and attendance at supervised exercise sessions ranged from 74% to 94%. Self-reported compliance with the unsupervised exercise component was lower than that with the supervised sessions for trials that reported these data. In conclusion, supervised programs may be less scalable or accessible to populations with limited access. Future efforts should focus on delivery of programs that can adequately scale and contain the features of successful supervised interventions so that broad uptake by PCS on ADT can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":315896,"journal":{"name":"Translational Journal of the ACSM","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131224971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}