Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico最新文献

{"title":"Genetic diversity of Umbilical Cord Blood Units for transplant of the National Center of Blood Transfusion (Mexico)","authors":"J.M. Bello-López ,&nbsp;G. Ibáñez-Cervantes ,&nbsp;C.A. Domínguez-Mendoza ,&nbsp;N. Sandoval-Laurrabaquio ,&nbsp;S. Ramírez-Pérez ,&nbsp;M. Millán Rocha ,&nbsp;J. Rojo-Medina","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The Umbilical Cord Blood Units (UCBU) for transplant are a therapeutic possibility for patients with a wide range of onco-hematologic disorders, especially in children. In Mexico, 48.5% of oncological diseases in children from 1 to 4 years old are leukemias; while in patients from 5 to 14 and 15 to 24 years of age lymphomas and leukemias are predominant and represent the second and third causes of death in these age groups, respectively. Therefore, is it necessary to have registries of UCBU to ensure the representation of the genetic diversity in Mexico in order to attend this requirement.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To estimate the genetic diversity of HLA Class I (A, B) and Class II (DRB1) loci in cryopreserved UCBU of the Cord Blood Bank (CBB) at the National Center of Blood Transfusion (NCBT).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>HLA typing of 533 UCBU for transplant was performed at the Research Department (evaluated by “Los Angeles Ca. Inmunogenetics Center”). Class I HLA-A, HLA-B and Class II HLA-DRB1 typing was performed using medium resolution Sequence-Specific Primer (SSP). In cases of an ambiguity by SSP; Sequence-Specific Oligonucleotide (SSO) method was carried out.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>46.5% of the UCBU were obtained from Mexico City donors, 30.95% from the State of Mexico, 8.06% Puebla, 6.37% Morelos and 3.37% from Veracruz. The remaining UCBU 4.75% were represented by other states of the country. The most frequent loci for the HLA-A founded were *02/24, *02/68, *02/02, *02/30, *01/02, *02/31; for HLA-B, *35/39, *15/35, *35/40, *39/44, *07/35, *35/48, *39/40 and for HLA-DRB1, *04/08, *04/07, *04/15, *04/15, *04/03, *04/14. The genetic distances analysis showed that the top five populations analyzed in this study are significatively different from each other.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The majority of the genotypes found suggest Amerindian and European origins and in a lesser proportion Oriental and African. The NCBT is therefore establishing agreements with different states of Mexico to promote the donation of UCBU in order to enrich the genetic diversity in the archives of the NCBT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 16-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.05.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54293973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The National Center of Blood Transfusion","authors":"J. Rojo Medina","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.11.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54296951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain metastases: Literature review","authors":"J.L. Navarro-Olvera,&nbsp;E. Ariñez-Barahona,&nbsp;M.A. Esqueda-Liquidano,&nbsp;A. Muñoz-Cobos","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brain metastases frequently occur secondary to poorly controlled primary lung, breast, melanoma, colorectal and renal tumours. Because of this, correct diagnosis and early treatment of brain metastasis is difficult, which is why the condition should be treated and controlled by a multidisciplinary medical team so as to obtain real-life and reliable statistics and to lower the incidence of brain metastasis, improving the quality of life of patients and reducing mortality rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.04.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54293747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National prevalence of hepatitis C and B viruses in Mexican blood donors, 2000–2012","authors":"J. Rojo-Medina,&nbsp;J.M. Bello-López","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The nationwide epidemiological research of transfusion-transmitted diseases is relevant since the information provided by blood banks makes possible the knowledge of the distribution and seroprevalence of diseases, it also allows the indirect verification of the effectiveness of vaccination programs.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determinate the national seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Mexican blood donors in the blood banks registered at the Ministry of Health (SSA) in a 13 year period.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Analysis of the monthly reports of blood banks (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->555) sent to the National Center of Blood Transfusion (NCBT) and case detection of donors with HBV and HCV positive results (doubly reactive). Additionally, prevalence estimation for each serological marker was performed for the last year (2012) for each state.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 19,096,294 and 18,617,288 monthly reports with results of serological tests for HBV and HCV were respectively found in a period of 13 years (2000–2012). A decrease of 5375 (prevalence<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.47) to 2675 (prevalence<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.15) HBV seropositive cases was observed. The serologic marker for HCV showed an increase of 8170 (prevalence<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.69) to 10,217 (prevalence<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.57) seropositive cases. A higher prevalence was identified for both viruses in the adjacent states of the north border of the countries northern border in the latest report (compared to the national average).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A decrease in HBV prevalence to 0.15 in the 13 years period was observed, but the prevalence for HCV marker showed an increase to 0.57, this indicates that HCV remains a potential transfusion transmissible pathogen that needs effective and opportune treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.07.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54295359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary arterio-venous fistula associated acute coronary syndrome: A case-report and review of literature","authors":"V.H. Contreras-Gutiérrez,&nbsp;R.A. Téllez-Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 56-year-old woman with no medical history presented to the emergency department complaining of oppressive chest pain of three hours of duration triggered by walking. An electrocardiogram (ECG) performed at hospital admission showed ST-segment depression and T-wave inversion in left precordial and inferior leads. Serum troponin I levels were above the normal values. Non ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) was diagnosed and an invasive approach with a percutaneous coronary intervention was performed. No obstructive coronary lesions were observed. However a tortuous coronary fistula emerging from the left-anterior descending coronary artery to the pulmonary artery was observed. Coronary arterio-venous fistulas are present in 0.002% of the general population and in 0.25% of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for any cause. Most of them are asymptomatic. Ischemic symptoms may develop but are infrequent in patients with no atherosclerotic disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 51-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.08.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54295429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of antibiotic resistance genes β-lactamics in bacterial strains isolated from Umbilical Cord Blood Units for transplant","authors":"J.M. Bello-López,&nbsp;J. Rojo-Medina","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Among the risks associated with hematopoietic stem cells transplantation of umbilical cord blood are bacterial infections. This becomes dangerous when bacterial sepsis is related to resistance to antibiotics commonly used to eliminate of this type infections. Among the widely used antibiotics are those of the β-lactam family. Among the genes responsible for the resistance are designated “<em>bla</em> genes” which encode for broad-spectrum lactamases. Its detection in the laboratory shown the importance in the manufacture of cord blood units.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To correlate the antibiotic resistance in bacterial contaminants isolated from Umbilical Cord Blood Units (UCBU), with detection of genes encoding resistance of β-lactamics antibiotics.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Test of resistance to antibiotics was determined in 107 bacterial strains using disk diffusion method according to the recommendations of “The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)” and multiplex amplification by PCR of genes <em>bla</em>_TEM, <em>bla</em>_SHV and <em>bla</em>_CTX-M were performed in order to detect genetic elements associated to antimicrobial resistance tested.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Broad-spectrum penicillins showed lower inhibitory activity on the tested strains. Gene detection by multiplex PCR of encoding antimicrobial resistance (β-lactamases) revealed the presence of <em>bla</em>_–HSV, <em>bla</em>_CTX-M and <em>bla</em>_–TEM genes in most strains tested even when these genes have been reported in <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> family members.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The genotype detection encoding antibiotic resistance in isolates of UCBU clearly indicates the potential risk of sepsis difficult to eradicate in the patient, if present in a UCBU available for transplant. Additionally, the existence of these genes reveals horizontal transfer events of genetic material between bacteria. So the importance to realize this studies before transplant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.05.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54293989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and clinical overview of the indigenous population admitted to the Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”","authors":"T. Colmenares-Roa ,&nbsp;L. Cervantes Molina ,&nbsp;M. Ruesga Vázquez ,&nbsp;L. Lino-Pérez ,&nbsp;R. Campos-Navarro ,&nbsp;I. Peláez-Ballestas","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe sociodemographic and diagnostic characteristics of indigenous patients (identified by determining whether they speak an indigenous language) hospitalised between January 2014 and January 2015 at the Hospital General de Mexico, and to analyse these characteristics using a vulnerability classification.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A descriptive, cross-sectional study of hospital data and a bivariate analysis using vulnerability as a dependent variable and those variables described in the socioeconomic study as independent variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 47,733 patients hospitalised, 816 (1.7%) were speakers of indigenous languages, with Náhuatl being the most common indigenous language (31.3%); 98.6% did not have health insurance coverage and 45.9% were classified as vulnerable patients; 62% did not receive an income. 77% were from Oaxaca, State of Mexico, Veracruz, Puebla and Hidalgo; however, 59.1% were living in Mexico City and the State of Mexico. The most frequent diagnoses were neoplasms (21.4%), followed by diseases of the digestive system (16.3%). 53% reported that they had been dealing with their illness for more than 6 months. The household and family income variables were strongly linked to vulnerability.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrates the precarious living conditions of hospitalised indigenous peoples and the difficulties they face in fighting diseases given their socioeconomic conditions. Recommendations are made to address the way the indigenous peoples are identified in the hospital, on recognising them as a vulnerable population, as well as the need for records of sociodemographic and health information regarding this population in hospital settings, so that it is reliable and comparable and to serve as a strong case for the implementation of local actions which meet national and international standards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 3-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.07.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54295396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of red blood cells concentrates at the General Hospital of Mexico","authors":"J. Rojo-Medina ,&nbsp;G.P. López-Herranz ,&nbsp;D. Quezada-García","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Blood transfusion is a valuable therapeutic tool for massive bleeding in spite of inherent risks and makes the difference between life and death. Rational use of blood components and particularly of red blood cells concentrates (RBC) request for surgery could minimize the transfusional reactions and financial burden for blood banks.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To know the transfusion practice and the relationship between the request and use of RBC in programmed surgeries at the General Hospital of Mexico.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A retrospective study was conducted and data analysis based in the number of RBC units required from the blood bank were compared with the number of RBC units transfused. Medical records, surgical notes, anesthesia worksheets, nursing and laboratory reports from a 6 months period, were reviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During the studied period, 354 RBC were requested from the blood bank from different surgical specialties; with a total of 680 units. From these only 63 (9.2%) were transfused vs 617 (90.7%) that were not used and were returned to the blood bank.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>RBC requests were excessive compared to the real demand; this represents inadequate blood requests and elevated costs for the blood bank and the health system. There is a need to promote strategies through the institutional Transfusion Medicine Committee.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.10.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54295920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First published case of thoracoscopic patent ductus arteriosus closure in the general hospital of Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga","authors":"W.L. Dajer-Fadel ,&nbsp;M.G. Pliego-Sánchez ,&nbsp;E.M. Mejía-Melgar ,&nbsp;D.P. Yépez-Ramos ,&nbsp;C.A. Latorre-Davila ,&nbsp;C.R. Tortolero-Sánchez ,&nbsp;O. Flores-Calderón ,&nbsp;S. Ramírez-Castañeda ,&nbsp;O.F. López-Noria ,&nbsp;R. Argüero-Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patent ductus arteriosus is treated according to its indications conservatively with medications or by surgical closure; the latter was traditionally performed by an open technique, then later, the percutaneous approach was developed for selected cases and finally, in recent years, it has been done by thoracoscopic surgery with success challenging percutaneous results. However, at our hospital, this had not been tried before. We present the case of a female patient who met the ideal criteria for this procedure to be performed and in whom it was successfully accomplished without complications; hence our report, motivated by the historical importance and as a baseline for future cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"80 1","pages":"Pages 56-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.06.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54295191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of radiotherapy in extranodal MALT lymphoma. A case report and literature review","authors":"A.A. Quézada Bautista ,&nbsp;J.C. Lara Bejarano ,&nbsp;J.A. García García ,&nbsp;J.L. Gaxiola Sosa ,&nbsp;A. López Azcarraga ,&nbsp;M.Y. Bautista Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) represents 8% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), with 2% affecting the conjunctiva. The case is presented of a 19-year-old patient diagnosed with conjunctival MALT lymphoma of the right eye, treated with external radiotherapy (ERT), and showing a complete, 100% response. At 18 months, no signs of relapse.</p><p>The treatment of choice for MALT type extranodal lymphoma is ERT. It has shown excellent results in controlling the disease, overall survival, progression-free survival and relapse-free survival. The relapse rate is 6–27% and the transformation to a higher grade lymphoma between 18% and 23%, consequently patients must have adequate follow-up. If the above is confirmed, reirradiation, chemotherapy and/or molecular target-directed therapy should be considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":31559,"journal":{"name":"Revista Medica del Hospital General de Mexico","volume":"79 4","pages":"Pages 223-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hgmx.2016.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54293234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}