Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere最新文献

{"title":"Geomechanical characteristics of controlled backfill soil for foundations, Pucallpa, Peru","authors":"S. A. De la Cruz Vega, E. N. Noel Cornelio","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100032x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100032x","url":null,"abstract":"The population growth in the city of Pucallpa, forces more and more projects to be executed on complicated soils, which in the past were rejected because of their bad characteristics, therefore, foundations on uncontrolled fills present very serious problems due to the heterogeneity of these materials, producing damages and reducing the life time of these buildings. The objective of this experimental investigation was to diagnose, by means of laboratory tests, the mechanical characteristics of controlled fill soils for foundations. The methods used were documentary analysis, laboratory studies and statistical processing using the Microsoft Excel program; the procedures performed for each soil test were guided and indicated by the manual of materials testing. The results for the controlled fill soil were: i) granulometry yielded a SUCS classification \"SC (clayey sand)\", AAHSTO classification \"A-7-6 (clayey soils)\" ii) compaction yielded a CBR at 100 % of the MDS of 14.00 % at 0.1\" iii) shear strength yielded a friction angle at 25.01° and a cohesion of 0.00 kg cm -2 . The above indicates that the geomechanical characteristics of the controlled fill soil, the subgrade of the terrain according to the MTC is a good material for foundations in the city of Pucallpa, since it is a material with better physical and mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81430090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sistemas de producción biointensiva y tradicional sobre parámetros agronómicos de hortaliza","authors":"Edwin Marcelo Gonzales-Torrico, Fernando Pacasa-Quisbert, Juvenal Hurtado-Barrero","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87497097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La vinaza y trampa amarillo una alternativa en el control ecológico del rabanito (Raphanus sativus L.). Una aproximación practica","authors":"José Antonio Legua-Cárdenas, Dante Daniel Cruz-Nieto, J. V. Nunja-García, Félix Gil Caro-Soto","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83343139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biointensive and traditional production systems on agronomic parameters of vegetables","authors":"Edwin Marcelo Gonzales-Torrico, Fernando Pacasa-Quisbert, Juvenal Hurtado-Barrero","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100057x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100057x","url":null,"abstract":"The Altiplano of Bolivia faces droughts and frequent frosts due to climate change, which affect yields and productivity of vegetables. Pro Rural, together with the Technical University of Oruro, has developed and implemented Biointensive Agroecological Family Units (UFABs) as an alternative to family agricultural production in the Altiplano, characterized by the efficient use of water, improving soil properties through localized fertilization and the substitution of agrochemicals for agro ecological inputs. The objective of this research was to determine two agricultural production systems on agronomic parameters of six vegetables. An experimental area was established in a factorial arrangement arranged in a randomized complete block design with six treatments (vegetable species) and two production systems (biointensive and traditional system), drip irrigation in the biointensive system and flooding in the traditional system. According to the results obtained on agronomic parameters, there is a statistical difference in yield and agronomic variables (plant weight, root length, and plant height) showing a superiority in the biointensive system, similar results are seen in leafy vegetables, the volume of water consumed shows that there is greater efficiency in the use of drip irrigation system with 90%, the amount of soil microorganisms is more than 50% in the biointensive system, similar results are seen in the chemical analysis of the soil.","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91344296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Características geomecánicas del suelo de relleno controlado para cimentaciones, Pucallpa, Perú","authors":"Sleyther Arturo De la Cruz Vega, Esther Noemi Noel Cornelio","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100032","url":null,"abstract":"The population growth in the city of Pucallpa, forces more and more projects to be executed on complicated soils, which in the past were rejected because of their bad characteristics, therefore, foundations on uncontrolled fills pre-sent very serious problems due to the heterogeneity of these materials, producing damages and reducing the life time of these buildings. The objective of this experimental investigation was to diagnose, by means of laboratory tests, the mechanical characteristics of controlled fill soils for foundations. The methods used were documentary analysis, laboratory studies and statistical processing using the Microsoft Excel program; the procedures performed for each soil test were guided and indicated by the manual of materials testing. The results for the controlled fill soil were: i) granulometry yielded a SUCS classification \"SC (clayey sand)\", AAHSTO classification \"A-7-6 (clayey soils)\" ii) compaction yielded a CBR at 100 % of the MDS of 14.00 % at 0.1\" iii) shear strength yielded a friction angle at 25.01° and a cohesion of 0.00 kg cm -2 . The above indicates that the geomechanical characteristics of the controlled fill soil, the subgrade of the terrain according to the MTC is a good material for foundations in the city of Pucallpa, since it is a material with better physical and mechanical properties. of the Andina Biosphere Bolivia. rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88063683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consecuencia y desafíos pos-pandemia nCoV 19 para la agricultura y seguridad alimentaria en los países en desarrollo","authors":"Julio Gabriel-Ortega","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100001","url":null,"abstract":"Este documento fue escrito sin ninguna pretensión de mostrar alguna expertis del autor acerca del tema, sino más bien se trató de hacer un análisis crítico de la realidad objetiva de varios autores acerca de las posibles consecuencias y desafíos que conlleva esta terrible crisis sanitaria que afectó a la humanidad en los dos últimos años y que aún no se sabe cuándo termina definitivamente. Según Chen et al. los coronavirus (CoV) son patógenos importantes para humanos, vertebrados. Pueden infectar vías respiratorias, gastrointestinales, hepáticas, sistema nervioso central de humanos, ganado, pájaros, murciélagos, ratones y muchos otros animales salvajes. Los brotes del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS) en 2002/2003 y el síndrome respiratorio de Oriente Medio (MERS) en 2012 han demostrado la posibilidad de transmisión de animal a humano, y de humano a humano de nuevos CoV emergentes, Un brote de neumonía misteriosa en Wuhan desde diciembre de 2019 atrajo la atención en todo el mundo. El gobierno chino, e investigadores tomaron medidas rápidas para controlar el brote y llevar a cabo los estudios etiológicos. El agente causal de la neumonía misteriosa identificado como un nuevo coronavirus (nCoV) mediante investigaciones etiológicas y de secuenciación realizadas por al menos cinco laboratorios independientes de China. El 12 de enero de 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) nombró temporalmente al nuevo virus como nuevo coronavirus de 2019 (nCoV 2019). La aparición esporádica y los brotes de nuevos tipos de CoV hacen recuerdo que los CoV son una grave amenaza para la salud mundial. Es altamente probable que los nuevos brotes de CoV sean inevitables en el futuro debido a los cambios del clima, ecología, y el aumento de las interacciones de humanos con animales. Por lo tanto, existe la necesidad urgente de desarrollar terapias y vacunas efectivas contra los CoV. El nCoV 2019 causó una gran mortalidad en diversos países del mundo, provocando que los gobiernos opten por el aislamiento social, cierre de escuelas, prohibición de reuniones públicas, deportivas, restricción del transporte público, cierre de fronteras y otras restricciones. El aplicar restricciones comerciales, políticas que se han convertido en un problema, por ser barreras entre países, que han desencadenado picos en los precios de los alimentos y un comportamiento especulativo en los mercados de los productos agrícolas básicos, de ahí los pobres del mundo, están siendo los más afectados. Es necesario que los canales comerciales deban permanecer abiertos,","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75681152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluación y selección de híbridos de tomate Solanum lycopersicum L. (Mill.) en Puerto la Boca, Ecuador","authors":"Julio Gabriel-Ortega, Kevin Cevallos Gutiérrez, Raquel Vera Velázquez, Carlos Castro Piguave, Washington Narváez Campana, Gema Burgos López","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2022.100100021","url":null,"abstract":"Julio Gabriel-Ortega Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (UNESUM) Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y de la Agricultura, km 1.5 vía Noboa, Campus los Ángeles, Jipijapa. Tel: 05-2600229. Manabí, Ecuador. E-mail: julio.gabriel@unesum@edu.ec, j.gabriel@proinpa.org El tomate (Solanum lycopersicum), una hortaliza de alto consumo en el mundo y en particular en Ecuador. Constantemente se están generando nuevos híbridos con mejores características agronómicas, con resistencia a factores bióticos y abióticos adversos, de altos rendimientos, por lo que en la presente investigación se tuvo como objetivo evaluar y seleccionar híbridos de tomate por sus características agronómicas y su alto potencial de rendimiento. El experimento se implementó en un invernadero de 1000 m, alojando los tratamientos en un diseño experimental de filas y columnas con 8 tratamientos y 8 repeticiones. Los tratamientos lo constituyeron los híbridos de tomate: E 25.33808 (Paipai), E 26.39770, E 15 B.50206 (Baikonur), E 15 B.50142 (Itaipu), E. 27.34021 (Vento), E 27.33243 (Forenza), Pietro y Alambra. Las variables de respuesta fueron: altura de la planta, diámetro de tallo, y peso de los frutos. Los resultados señalan que el mayor rendimiento de tomate se presentó con el híbrido Alambra con un peso de tomate de 176.61 g en promedio, un hibrido que se adaptó bien a las condiciones de invernadero de Puerto la Boca. Sin embargo, el hibrido Itaipu fue uno de los mejores tomates según las características agronómicas y de preferencia para el mercado y que presentó relación entre altura de planta y diámetro de tallo.","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84259478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Erosion, fertility and socio-economic role of exclosure land","authors":"M. Asmare","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2021.090200092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2021.090200092","url":null,"abstract":"Improper use of land could result in loss of biodiversity, soil fertility, and poverty to the people. Population growth, agricultural expansion, urbanization, the absence of alternative assets, and other biophysical factors aggravate forest land degradation. Previously, in most parts of the world different forest land reclamation approaches had been implemented. Many authors argue that the establishment of exclosure land use through providing equivalent benefit to participated local community sustainably reclamation degraded lands. Therefore, this review paper was aimed to assess the role of previously established exclosure land use for socio-economic as well as soil fertility improvement. Secondary data were used and summarized. Due to the conversion of communal grazing land to exclosure land soil fertility aspects were enhanced. The socioeconomic benefits of exclosure land to the local communities were shown inconsistence improvement across Agroecology. Therefore, further studies on how to sustainably, and equally share all benefits of exclosure land use to local communities should be studied for obtaining win-win results on the previously exclosure land uses.","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81564697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diseño de un modelo de biodigestor anaerobio como alternativa para la generación de metano","authors":"Ángel Canales-Gutiérrez, Blanca Jacqueline Quispe-Aucca, Ricardo Romero-Loaiza, Nazario Villafuerte-Prudencio, Janette Rosario Ramos Pineda, José Martin Aguilar, Bernabé Canqui-Flores","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2021.090200081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2021.090200081","url":null,"abstract":"The application of anaerobic biodigesters in municipal wastewater sludge is important for the generation of methane being an alternative for the generation of renewable energy, the research is peculiar because it is carried out at 3812 masl, in the area surrounding Titicaca lake at a temperature variation between -1.3 to 16.8 °C. The objectives were: biodigester for methane generation and ii) Evaluate the amount of methane contained in the biogas generated by the sewage sludge of the three wastewater stabilization ponds. The methodology consisted of constructing a prototype design of an anaerobic biodigester with adequate performance for methane generation from sewage sludge, for which the biodigesters were loaded with 11 kg of sewage sludge collected from three stabilization ponds. The results indicate that the anaerobic biodigester works adequately for methane generation, produced in the biodigesters, reached up to 36.7 % in 33 days of retention time at thermophilic temperature between 50 to 60 °C, the factors that influenced the low methane generation are the low C/N ratio and the low concentration of organic matter, which varied between 21.0 to 51.10 %.","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73923946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Las cuencas hidrográficas y los relaves mineros","authors":"Ángel Canales-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.36610/j.jsab.2021.090200067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36610/j.jsab.2021.090200067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31531,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77282853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}