2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)最新文献

Partial Order Transactions on Permissioned Blockchains for enhanced Scalability 允许区块链上的部分顺序事务，以增强可扩展性

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569780

Krishnasuri Narayanam, Akshar Kaul, Ken Kumar, Pankaj Dayama

{"title":"Partial Order Transactions on Permissioned Blockchains for enhanced Scalability","authors":"Krishnasuri Narayanam, Akshar Kaul, Ken Kumar, Pankaj Dayama","doi":"10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569780","url":null,"abstract":"Ordering service in a permissioned blockchain platform like Hyperledger Fabric groups the transactions into various blocks. These blocks are linked together via a hash chain to provide immutability. Transactions with less block height get validated before the transactions with more block height. Within a single block, the transactions get validated in the same order they are arranged inside the block. This structure imposes a total order among transactions. This total ordering ensures that all the peer nodes reach the same final state once all the transactions are validated. This total ordering prevents parallel validation of transactions. A given transaction may not be dependent on all the transactions preceding it. However, such a transaction still cannot be validated before completion of validation for all the preceding transactions. This paper presents a blockchain system to support partial ordering among non-dependent transactions. The proposed blockchain system aims to achieve high transaction throughput by enabling parallel transaction validation and reducing the transaction turnaround time by eliminating the need for the transactions to wait for non-dependent predecessor transactions. The proposed blockchain system ensures that all peer nodes reach the same final state even if the order in which they validate the transactions is different.","PeriodicalId":314630,"journal":{"name":"2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116895620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a Framework for Understanding the Performance of Blockchains 构建一个理解区块链性能的框架

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569810

M. Touloupou, Klitos Christodoulou, Antonios Inglezakis, Elias Iosif, Marinos Themistocleous

{"title":"Towards a Framework for Understanding the Performance of Blockchains","authors":"M. Touloupou, Klitos Christodoulou, Antonios Inglezakis, Elias Iosif, Marinos Themistocleous","doi":"10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569810","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) appears to be at a worldwide threshold of acceptance and adoption. Since their inception, several innovative projects have been proposing solutions to the blockchain trilemma, improving blockchain features and its technical limitations. However, the adoption of blockchain as a technology or a software component, requires a comprehensive understanding and characterization of their technical principles and characteristics. The latter introduces an uncertainty for an organization to decide which blockchain protocol best meets its needs and demands. In general, there is a lack of proper testing and software engineering practices for assessing the usage of blockchains usage and understanding their performance. Towards that direction, this paper presents an architecture for a blockchain benchmarking framework which aims at the deployment and evaluation of different blockchain protocols, focusing on different aspects such as security and scalability. A set of modules is introduced for testing and evaluating the behaviour of blockchain protocols under different test scenarios.","PeriodicalId":314630,"journal":{"name":"2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123559081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

[Copyright notice] (版权)

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569803

引用次数: 0

Study of Blockchain Forensics and Analytics tools 研究区块链取证和分析工具

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569824

Dinesh P Srivasthav, L. Maddali, R. Vigneswaran

{"title":"Study of Blockchain Forensics and Analytics tools","authors":"Dinesh P Srivasthav, L. Maddali, R. Vigneswaran","doi":"10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569824","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptocurrencies have elicited tremendous interest in the recent past due to their ability to enable financial transactions without the need for a central authority. The most appealing aspect of cryptocurrencies that garnered significant attention is its potential to enable (pseudo) anonymous transactions on the blockchain ledger. Unsurprisingly, this has led to rapid adoption of cryptocurrencies for unlawful activities by malicious actors in several ways. Hence, to detect these unlawful activities, it is essential to analyze the blockchain ledgers to derive insights by investigating anonymous transactions and activities, which is where blockchain forensics comes in. In this paper, we present a taxonomy mapping the identified high-level forensics features with the supporting forensics tools that we surveyed. We provide a comparison of the surveyed tools using three practical parameters (number of cryptocurrencies supported, number of features provided and ease of accessing services) and give an overview of their theoretical effectiveness in general with some open challenges identified.","PeriodicalId":314630,"journal":{"name":"2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125945927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

DisCO: Peer-to-Peer Random Number Generator in Partial Synchronous Systems 部分同步系统中的点对点随机数发生器

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569807

Mikhail Krasnoselskii, Grigorii Melnikov, Y. Yanovich

引用次数: 0

Towards a Blockchain Voting Roadmap 走向区块链投票路线图

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569826

Steven A. Wright

引用次数: 0

COVERT-Blockchain: Privacy-Aware Contact Tracing for COVID-19 on a Distributed Ledger COVERT-Blockchain:分布式账本上对COVID-19的隐私敏感接触追踪

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569816

J. Khan, K. Bangalore, K. Ozbay

引用次数: 3

An Automated Framework for Migrating Java Applications to Ethereum Solidity Applications 将Java应用程序迁移到以太坊solid应用程序的自动化框架

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569799

A. Fajge, S. Thakur, Rahul Kumar, Raju Halder

引用次数: 1

Empirical Evaluation of MakerDAO's Resilience MakerDAO弹性的实证评价

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569811

Martin Kjäer, Monika Di Angelo, G. Salzer

{"title":"Empirical Evaluation of MakerDAO's Resilience","authors":"Martin Kjäer, Monika Di Angelo, G. Salzer","doi":"10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569811","url":null,"abstract":"Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies with the aim to reduce the price volatility by design. This increases their acceptance as an instrument of payment. Centralized approaches facilitate stable organizational structures, at the cost of introducing dependencies. Decentralized projects, on the other hand, face several challenges, one of them at the core of stablecoins: stability. In this paper, we assess the stability of the MakerDAO protocol, one of the major decentralized stablecoins. We conduct a measurement study regarding MakerDAO's resilience during the first year of its full protocol, from November 2019 to 2020, including the cryptocurrency crisis in March 2020. Our analysis is based on the publicly available transaction data of Ethereum that documents the activities of MakerDAO's contracts executing the protocol. We state requirements for resilience and introduce empirical metrics, based on which we test the resilience hypotheses against the transaction data. While the events of March 2020 were unfortunate for several users, the resilience at protocol level proved to be good even under stress.","PeriodicalId":314630,"journal":{"name":"2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"522 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134174150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Multi-Layer Aggregate Verification for IoT Blockchain 物联网区块链的多层聚合验证

2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS) Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569817

Jingze Wu, Ming-Fong Sie, Seth Austin Harding, Chien-Lung Lin, San-Tai Wang, Shih-Wei Liao

{"title":"Multi-Layer Aggregate Verification for IoT Blockchain","authors":"Jingze Wu, Ming-Fong Sie, Seth Austin Harding, Chien-Lung Lin, San-Tai Wang, Shih-Wei Liao","doi":"10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/brains52497.2021.9569817","url":null,"abstract":"We design a Multi-Layer Aggregate Verification (MLAV) solution to improve supply chain management with IoT Blockchain devices. We apply MLAV to IoT Blockchain applications in Agriculture 4.0 to demonstrate the feasibility of our solutions and models. In the current Agriculture 4.0 structure, large companies have successfully applied blockchain solutions and ecosystems for tracking and tracing agricultural produce, achieving transparency, traceability, and digitalization. However, these existing blockchain solutions are not comprehensive. First, the upstream nodes they serve are all large-scale production suppliers, and smallholders are not taken into consideration. In order to solve this problem, we use a multi-layer architecture that serves three purposes: facilitating smallholders in joining the agricultural blockchain as equal-opportunity nodes, uploading of production activity data, and reducing costs (ex. Ethereum gas fee). Second, the majority of IoT blockchains adopt an ID-based signature scheme in IoT devices, which frequently has lower efficiency. In applying aggregate verification, we may effectively increase ID-based verification efficiency while processing large clusters of data transferred by IoT devices. Finally, we design a blockchain management framework using smart contracts to facilitate the financing of upstream producers.","PeriodicalId":314630,"journal":{"name":"2021 3rd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121395248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2