ILIRIA International Review最新文献_第3页

The role and function of the dispute adjudication board (dab) in the fidic forms of contracts 争端裁决委员会在fidic合同形式中的作用和职能

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.588

sc. Ana Pepeljugoska Kostovska

{"title":"The role and function of the dispute adjudication board (dab) in the fidic forms of contracts","authors":"sc. Ana Pepeljugoska Kostovska","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I2.588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I2.588","url":null,"abstract":"Dispute Adjudication Boards (DABs) can be categorized as form of alternative dispute resolution methods, or more specifically they can fall under the generic category of adjudication. They originate from the USA, presented for the large civil engineering projects in 1960s. At a later stage they were introduced as mandatory under the International Organization of Consulting Engineers ( FIDIC) 1999 edition. Currently, the FIDIC forms of contracts provide for standing and ad hoc DABs, slowly shifting to standing by default, comprised of one or three members. The DAB member(s) have broad authorities, including the inquisitorial powers, the possibility to inspect and make insight of the construction site. The procedure in front of the DAB has many similarities with the arbitration procedure, especially in the preparation and filing of the written submissions. The same can be said for conducting the hearings, the order of presenting the arguments at the hearings, the proposal and questioning of witnesses. However, the DABs timeline is denser, and the DAB is free to determine its procedural rules and the parties are free to agree on certain procedural aspects. The benefit of the DABs can be described as a means of resolving disputes by avoiding cost, time and inflexibility. The main dilemma which will be addressed in this Article is whether the DABs are suitable for solving more complex construction disputes. In that respect the DAB in more complex disputes is a “preface” of the arbitration to come, or as the new 2017 FIDIC edition states “condition precedent to arbitration”","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46526910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

International police cooperation in investigating cases of smuggling of migrants in Kosovo 国际警察在调查科索沃偷运移民案件方面的合作

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.587

sc. Rrahman Sylejmani, C. E. Maloku

{"title":"International police cooperation in investigating cases of smuggling of migrants in Kosovo","authors":"sc. Rrahman Sylejmani, C. E. Maloku","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I2.587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I2.587","url":null,"abstract":"Migrant smuggling today has taken on the dimensions of the global phenomenon by being present almost in all countries and continents, regardless of whether they are countries of their origin, transit or a destination. Nevertheless, the presence of this form of crime is also present in Kosovo, hence this is the object of this paper. In this paper, the international police co-operation in the migrant smuggling investigation cases in Kosovo is concretely considered as a multidimensional and complex problem. However, the challenges, and problems that Kosovo faces in the realization of the international police cooperation is also examined, given the fact that it is the not yet part of some international regional and global mechanisms dealing with the prevention and combating of organized crime. Treating migrant smuggling cases from a scientific point of the view requires more in-depth study and an elaboration of the literature that exists nowadays on this issue. Thus, through this paper is presented the assessment and the analysis of 31 investigated cases of the migrant smuggling from the Kosovo police for the time period 2011-2015 with the emphasis on the manner of the realization of the international police cooperation during the investigation of these cases. At the very end of this paper, based on the findings of the research, and the analysis performed, recommendations are issued, the implementation of which in the practice would increase the efficiency of the police in detecting, and combating migrant smuggling in Kosovo","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45210974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Greek independence revolution and beyond: the zooming of the albanian role and impact 希腊独立革命及其后:阿尔巴尼亚的角色和影响的放大

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.592

C. A. J. Salihu

{"title":"The Greek independence revolution and beyond: the zooming of the albanian role and impact","authors":"C. A. J. Salihu","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I2.592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I2.592","url":null,"abstract":"The nineteenth century is generally considered a century which inspired many nations, both in the East and West, towards the path of independence. While their aims may have been similar, the approach, the overall struggles and management of their individual independence courses, were rather distinctive. One of the most striking examples was Greece. The ethnic Greeks may have had a great desire to obtain independence, but lacked strategy, commitment, and unwavering determination. Their independence fate, however, was destined to be heavy relied, upon their ancient neighbors, the Albanians. Indeed, the Albanians turned out to be the principal benefactor on the ground, conducive to Greek independence. The main aim of this research is to expose the Albanian role especially during the Greek independence revolution. A substantial part of the study delves in the Albanian leadership and responsibility (both military and political) during the respective revolution. The study also explores that thousands of Albanian soldiers from various factions took part in Greek revolution battles. In addition, the study addresses the fact that the Albanian soldiers resorted to fights, even, with their fellow Albanians, all related to the Greek independence. The key objective of the paper is exclusive reliability on the Western sources (British, American, German, Italian or French), vis-a-vis examined topics, to increase, as much as possible, the objectivity of the research outcome. Several distinct themes are examined, considering Albanian contribution to the establishment of the modern Greece, almost all of them, originating from the Western sources of the nineteenth century, the century when the revolution occurred. The paper also incorporates the descriptions of the accounts, of three Westerners (Thomas Gordon, British army officer, Samuel Gridley Howe, American Medical Doctor and George Finlay, a Scottish historian), who were part of revolution and witnessed the developments","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44381346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy as a functional area for European integration 能源作为欧洲一体化的一个功能领域

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.590

Dr.sc. Constantine Hadjilambrinos

{"title":"Energy as a functional area for European integration","authors":"Dr.sc. Constantine Hadjilambrinos","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I2.590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I2.590","url":null,"abstract":"policy has historically played an important role in the development of the European Union (EU). This study examines the reasons for the choice of coal and atomic energy as the bases for constructing community institutions of governance and analyzes their successes and failures as functional areas of integration. Functionalist theory has provided the ideological foundations for the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Atomic Energy Community. Functionalist theorists advocate technocracy as the means for overcoming the conflicts inherent in traditional political processes. Coal and atomic energy were chosen as regimes of integration because of their technocratic character and the importance attached to them, respectively, as the dominant energy source of the time and the perceived source of energy abundance in the proximate future. This vision of a process of technical integration paving the way for political union was predicated on the assumption that the political and technical functions of governance could and should be separated. In fact, energy regimes could not be removed from the political context of national governance. Hard energy regimes, which include coal and atomic energy, are technocratic polities which exclude ordinary citizens from the exercise of power and intensify international conflict. Their choice as regimes of integration bestowed on the institutions of the EC a technocratic character and made it difficult for them to claim political legitimacy","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41585250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tourists’ Perceptions toward Problems of Tourism Destinations: Evidence from Sylhet, Bangladesh 游客对旅游目的地问题的看法:来自孟加拉国锡尔赫特的证据

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.586

Mba. Mohammad Saiful Islam

引用次数: 2

Application of methodology KAIZEN in Macedonian insurance company KAIZEN方法论在马其顿保险公司的应用

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.594

M. Elizabeta, Msc. Goran Stojanovski

引用次数: 0

Public Diplomacy of small states: case of Kosovo 小国的公共外交:科索沃的例子

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.593

Ma. Genc Mekaj

{"title":"Public Diplomacy of small states: case of Kosovo","authors":"Ma. Genc Mekaj","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I2.593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I2.593","url":null,"abstract":"paper aims to elaborate and analyse the public diplomacy of small states, the case of Kosovo. Today in the era of globalization and in a world with some powerful states the development of foreign policy and diplomacy is very important and difficult especially for small countries. Small countries with limited capacities should see the need to focus foreign policy and diplomacy in areas as specific and interest as possible. Public diplomacy is an effective tool that small states should use to benefit and promote their interests. The purpose of this paper is to provide information and guidance to the drafters and promoters of public diplomacy of small states with emphasis on the state of Kosovo. Goals and profits can be achieved by specifying areas where public diplomacy can be conducted, especially in Kosovo through cultural and sports diplomacy. The methodology used during the paper is based on the analysis of various materials and resources related to public diplomacy, which through discretionary, analytical, historical and observational methods we have tried to discuss the importance of public diplomacy of small countries, case of Kosovo. In order to have a clearer and more concrete result, we have elaborated on the case of Kosovo and its public diplomacy. Based on this study as a conclusion we can say that Kosovo still needs to focus on public diplomacy and its promotion especially in the areas of cultural and sports diplomacy","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43075225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Determining contributions of entrepreneurial marketing to the growth of small firms in Meru town, Kenya 确定创业营销对肯尼亚Meru镇小企业成长的贡献

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I2.584

S. O. Okumu

{"title":"Determining contributions of entrepreneurial marketing to the growth of small firms in Meru town, Kenya","authors":"S. O. Okumu","doi":"10.21113/IIR.V10I2.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21113/IIR.V10I2.584","url":null,"abstract":"1982, emerged a paradigm shift from the old marketing approach to Entrepreneurial Marketing practice that focused on attracting and retaining profitable customers using creative and unsophisticated tactics with minimal resources. As a recent strategy for small firms, Entrepreneurial Marketing (EM) is characterized by pro-activeness; focus on opportunity, risk taking, innovativeness, customer intensity, resource leveraging and value creation. The extent to which innovativeness, risk taking and pro-activeness in marketing has been adopted by small firms in Meru Kenya to achieve higher returns on investment, growth in sales and satisfy customers is the focus of this study. The study is grounded on entrepreneurial marketing, theory. Explanatory research design was adopted to explain the direction and extent to which entrepreneurial marketing improved performance of small firms. Data was collected from 112 small firms sampled from Meru town and was analysed using descriptive and inferential techniques. The findings of the study revealed that innovative marketing practices had inverse effect (beta = -0.153). Risk taking and pro-activeness had a positive effect on the firms’ performance. However, none of the three dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing significantly affected the growth of the small enterprises. The study suggests that owners of small enterprises be trained in entrepreneurial marketing. Secondly the innovative marketing strategies should be made compatible with the customers’ values and beliefs. Further studies in entrepreneurial marketing should be done on large firms across the country. Also, other studies should focus on opportunity customer intensity, resource leveraging and value creation and their influence on small enterprise growth","PeriodicalId":31358,"journal":{"name":"ILIRIA International Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45117259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur Band 1 古埃及文化研究1。

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.46771/978-3-87548-901-9

引用次数: 0

Role of Public and Privacy Debt on Economic Growth in Albania 公共债务和私人债务对阿尔巴尼亚经济增长的作用

ILIRIA International Review Pub Date : 2020-07-03 DOI: 10.21113/IIR.V10I1.569

Dr.Sc. Arjeta Hallunov

引用次数: 0