JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS最新文献

PYROLYSIS OF SPENT LUBRICATING OIL USING SIMPLE RECYCLING TECHNIQUE TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS 利用简单回收技术热解废润滑油以减少环境危害

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370307.som

Esther O. Babatunde, Samuel O. Ebhodaghe, Joseph Isaac Adekunle

引用次数: 0

CURRENT TRENDS AND NEW PERSPECTIVES IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: A FOCUSED REVIEW ON INTERESTERIFICATION REACTION 生物柴油生产的发展趋势及新展望——以酯化反应为重点

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370204.som

F. Aderibigbe, B. T. Bello, R. O. Adebayo, F.O Olufowora, H. B. Saka, M. Amosa, O.S Karimu

{"title":"CURRENT TRENDS AND NEW PERSPECTIVES IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: A FOCUSED REVIEW ON INTERESTERIFICATION REACTION","authors":"F. Aderibigbe, B. T. Bello, R. O. Adebayo, F.O Olufowora, H. B. Saka, M. Amosa, O.S Karimu","doi":"10.51975/22370204.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/22370204.som","url":null,"abstract":"The consumption of energy has risen to 12 billion tons/year due to the ever-increasing population and urbanization which has directly led to more energy demand. Hence, there is an obvious need for an alternative source of fuel energy. One of the best alternatives is the use of renewable fuel energy. Biodiesel is an example of a renewable fuel energy which is produced from biomass by different technologies such as direct blending of oil, emulsification, pyrolysis, and transesterification. However, the drawback of these methods has propelled research experts to persistently search for better technologies. Over the years, transesterification reaction methods have been globally identified for in biodiesel production. Nonetheless, its by-product named glycerol has limited its utilization in biodiesel production. Therefore, it has been reported that the integration of glycerol into biodiesel composition may be a better option. In this review, the latest biodiesel production technology discussed is the interesterification reaction. This method integrates the by-product (glycerol) by producing a glycerol free Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), triacetin which is a useful fuel additive is produced instead. After the production of biodiesel and triacetin through the interesterification reaction route, there is always no need to separate both products which makes this process interestingly more sustainable and economical. The current trends of this production technology are also expounded. Keywords: Energy; FAME; Fuel; Interesterification; Triacetin","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130263283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A REVIEW ON SYNTHESIS OF HIERARCHICAL ZEOLITES Y 分级沸石的合成研究进展

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370209.som

R. Usman, A. Kovo, A. Abdulkareem, M. U. Garba

{"title":"A REVIEW ON SYNTHESIS OF HIERARCHICAL ZEOLITES Y","authors":"R. Usman, A. Kovo, A. Abdulkareem, M. U. Garba","doi":"10.51975/22370209.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/22370209.som","url":null,"abstract":"Zeolites has emerged as a main heterogeneous catalyst in most chemical industries. Its diffusion limitation causes ineffective utilization of the catalyst, leading to early coking and subsequent deactivation of the zeolites. Hierarchical zeolites Y have been identified as suitable advanced material that addresses the limitations encountered with microporous zeolites in the catalytic reaction. It has an enlarged pore improved surface area and reduced channel that speed-up the reaction. The review paper focuses on two main methods of synthesizing hierarchical zeolites Y and their shortcomings. The synthesis strategies of hierarchical zeolite Y are through post-synthesis treatment (top-down) and direct synthesis with the aid of morphology modifying agents (bottom-up). However, these synthesis routes are characterized by high energy consumption and the use of expensive chemicals which are not environmentally friendly. In this review, several synthesis routes were studied and examined. The additive-free synthesis route, which involves adjustment of crystallization parameters and additional aging steps, was economically and ecologically friendly. Hierarchical zeolites Y have been extensively used in industrial applications due to their enhanced intra-crystalline diffusion and improved catalytic properties. Keywords: Zeolite Y, Hierarchical zeolite, Top-down, Bottom-up","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":" September","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120825867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF SHEA NUT PROCESSING CONDITIONS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF TRADITIONALLY PRODUCED SHEA BUTTER 研究了乳木果加工条件对传统乳木果油产量和质量的影响

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370202.som

A. Saba, A. H. Baba, I. Mohammed, M. Abdulqadir

{"title":"INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF SHEA NUT PROCESSING CONDITIONS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF TRADITIONALLY PRODUCED SHEA BUTTER","authors":"A. Saba, A. H. Baba, I. Mohammed, M. Abdulqadir","doi":"10.51975/22370202.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/22370202.som","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural diversification has been identified as part of measures for minimising global yearning for developing opportunities for sustainable production systems. Processing of Shea nut into Shea butter is mostly carried out by women in Nigeria using traditional methods. This approach is currently not well-standardized and has significant impact on the yield and product quality. Robust investigations of process variables are needed to identify the most important process parameter(s) that would guarantee high yield and good quality Shea butter. In this study, effects of Shea kernel roasting temperature (30, 90 and 150 oC), roasting time (10, 35 and 60 minutes), Shea paste kneading speed (100, 200 and 300 rpm), and time lag between Shea kernel milling and Shea paste kneading (5,15 and 25 minutes) on the yield and quality of Shea butter produced through traditional extraction method were evaluated. At 30 oC roasting temperature, 31.68 wt % Shea butter was recorded, which increased to 36.4 wt % when the roasting temperature was raised to 150 oC. Free fatty acid content increased significantly from 1.28 to 2.1 % while the peroxide value was maximum at 100 oC (2.1 meq/kg). Longer roasting time and time lag between milling and kneading also led to high free fatty acid and peroxide contents. This study indicates that the roasting temperature, roasting time and time lag between milling and kneading represent the most significant parameters for high yield and good quality Shea butter production via traditional extraction method. Keywords: Shea kernel; free fatty acid; kneading speed; Shea butter quality.","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128716749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PRACTICAL ENGINEERING SKILLS TRANSFER IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM: A REVIEW OF EDO STATE UNIVERSITY UZAIRUE 尼日利亚大学系统中的实用工程技能转移:江户州立大学概览

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370207.som

E. Aluyor, K. Otoikhian

{"title":"PRACTICAL ENGINEERING SKILLS TRANSFER IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM: A REVIEW OF EDO STATE UNIVERSITY UZAIRUE","authors":"E. Aluyor, K. Otoikhian","doi":"10.51975/22370207.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/22370207.som","url":null,"abstract":"The contemporary engineer is required to manage environmental, cultural, and social issues while resolving complex technical problems that call for the work of inter–professional collaboration. The technological, ICT, and soft skills needed by an engineer have been separated into these three categories. Numerous routine job positions would not only be threatened by the market growth for, and use of these technological innovations in the engineering industry, but it would also drive innovative and exciting opportunities and call for authentic intelligence and creativity. This review therefore, using a tactical methodological approach, discloses the significance of effecting workable engineering expertise in the Nigerian Institutions whilst also suggesting that, unless efforts are made to continually develop and foster the acquisition of engineering skills, the daunting new fad with the use of technological innovations within the engineering industry will inevitably lead in the joblessness of engineering graduates and professionals. This suggestion is, in fact, expected to generate so much prospects for engineers with an entrepreneurship and innovation perspective whilst take creating an enabling environment for innovations via the use of emerging technologies. Keyword: Skills, framework, engineers, practical, technologies, entrepreneurial.","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123786130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

STUDENT PERCEPTION OF RESEARCH CAPACITY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS IN SELECTED NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES 学生对尼日利亚选定大学化学工程系研究能力的看法

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370305.som

Mark Chijioke Ibeh, Ibrahim Kolawole Muritala, Ayoade Kuye

{"title":"STUDENT PERCEPTION OF RESEARCH CAPACITY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS IN SELECTED NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES","authors":"Mark Chijioke Ibeh, Ibrahim Kolawole Muritala, Ayoade Kuye","doi":"10.51975/22370305.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/22370305.som","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research work is aimed at assessing the research capacity of chemical engineering departments in selected Nigeria Universities. Thirty-three universities were selected for the survey based on the criteria of running accredited chemical engineering programs. A framework designed to measure specific KPIs or dimensions was developed and adapted to a questionnaire. The 37- item questionnaire was administered to students online with responses downloaded from the web portal for cleaning, coding and analysis using Microsoft excel software program. The coded responses were analyzed using percentages, mean, variance, and ANOVA. 56 out of the 60 responses received were found to be valid. The responses received were grouped into undergraduate and postgraduate respondents. The administered questionnaires had high internal consistencies with Cronbach alpha values of 0.8898, 0.8525 and 0.8994 for all, undergraduate and postgraduate responses. The responses were analyzed using three key performance indicators (KPIs) namely: (a) research infrastructure, dissemination, (b) knowledge translation and research applicability and (c) empowerment, skills, and confidence. The means for research infrastructure range from 3.6607 to 4.0714, 3.6176 to 3.8529 and 3.7273 to 4.5455 for all, undergraduate and postgraduate respondents respectively. Quite a number of the undergraduate respondents are neutral with respect to each dimension of the research infrastructure while the postgraduate respondent’s perception is that achieving peer recognition is not a motivation for conducting research. On average, the respondents agree with all the dimensions for knowledge translation and research applicability. The empowerment, skills, and confidence mean values range from 3.4643 to 4.2500, 3.2353 to 4.1765 and 3.7727 to 4.4091 for all, undergraduate and postgraduate respondents respectively. These imply that, on average, the undergraduate and postgraduate respondents view of this KPI differ.","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132181486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRITICAL THINKING APPROACH TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN NIGERIA 尼日利亚化学工程教育的批判性思维方法

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/223703010.som

Yirakpoa Patience Nwambo, Ibrahim Kolawole Muritala, Ipeghan Jonathan Otaraku, Ayoade Kuye

{"title":"CRITICAL THINKING APPROACH TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN NIGERIA","authors":"Yirakpoa Patience Nwambo, Ibrahim Kolawole Muritala, Ipeghan Jonathan Otaraku, Ayoade Kuye","doi":"10.51975/223703010.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/223703010.som","url":null,"abstract":"All learning activities are geared towards not what the teacher is going to teach, but what the outcome of that teaching should be, what the learner is supposed to do, and at what level. Education plays a main role in shaping the learner to be a better, responsible citizen and an active member of the society. It provides the ladder for achieving success in life as well as constructive utilization of acquired skills and knowledge. Critical thinking should be taught in schools so that students may learn to think for themselves and make their own choices, as well as to prepare them for the difficulties of adult life and to help them live a full and happy life that includes critical thinking. The instructor is at the core of traditional education, which does not foster inventiveness or originality. Critical thinking approach will erase traditional teaching deficiencies and will breed professional competence, cognitive transformation, and self-confidence. Various strategies that can foster the development of critical thinking across disciplines in education have been explored by researchers recently, and despite the acknowledged importance, critical thinking skills are frequently not taught explicitly; teachers are not intentional in the teaching and learning process, the assumption being that students will learn from the implicit values buried deep within our teaching philosophies. It is essential that teachers understand critical thinking processes and employ instructional activities to build these processes to teach critical thinking abilities. Researching critical thinking is a continuous process since it is a contentious and extensive topic in terms of definition and progress. Keywords: Critical thinking skills; Teacher-centered; Strategies; Cognitive transformation.","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114801001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING-FOCUSED INDUSTRY-ACADEMIA COLLABORATION IN ENGINEERING 以教学为中心的工程产学研合作策略

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370308.som

Chukwuka D. Offodum, Stephen Oyelami

引用次数: 0

OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS VARIABLES TO OBTAIN QUALITY SHEA KERNELS FROM SHEA NUT 从乳木果中获得优质乳木果核的工艺参数优化

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370205.som

A. Saba, A. H. Baba, I. Mohammed, M. Abdulqadir

{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS VARIABLES TO OBTAIN QUALITY SHEA KERNELS FROM SHEA NUT","authors":"A. Saba, A. H. Baba, I. Mohammed, M. Abdulqadir","doi":"10.51975/22370205.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/22370205.som","url":null,"abstract":"Shea butter is a product of Shea kernel obtained from Shea tree. It has wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals, confectionaries, chocolates, and soap industries. The use of Shea butter for these applications is largely dependent upon its Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content. The resultant FFA of Shea butter produced from the Shea kernel depends largely upon the process variables applied to the kernel prior to Shea butter production. Poor and inconsistent qualities usually characterize unprocessed Nigerian Shea kernels. Thus, the need to improve Shea kernel quality in Nigeria becomes necessary. This study investigated the effects of optimizing processing factors, responses, development, and analysis of predictive response models of Shea kernel leading to its optimization. Shea fruits that have fallen to the ground were picked and the pulp removed to expose the Shea nut. Effects of Shea Nut Conditioning Period (SNCP), Shea Nut Boiling Duration (SNBD) and Shea Nut Drying Temperature (SNDT) on the FFA of Shea kernel were investigated. The boundary conditions obtained from earlier experiments were used for the Design of Experiment (DOE) by Box-Bekehn method of response surface methodology. Fresh Shea kernels were then processed according to the experimental design and the responses of free fatty acid, peroxide value and percentage oil content determined. The upper, middle and lower limits obtained for SNCP were 1, 6.5, and 12 day respectively, SNBD were 0, 60, and 120 minutes respectively and SNDT were 30, 70, 110 oC respectively. The optimum conditions of SNCP, SNBD and SNDT obtained after the optimization of Shea kernel were respectively 4.0 day, 120 minutes and 86 oC and the corresponding predicted responses of PV, percentage oil content, FFA and desirability were 2.868 meq/kg, 0.628 %, 53.8 5 % and 0.878 respectively. Keywords: Shea-kernel, Shea Nut Conditioning Period, Shea Nut Boiling Duration, Shea Nut Drying Temperature, and Optimization","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115130041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PREDICTION OF HIGHER HEATING VALUE OF BIOMASS BASED ON ULTIMATE AND PROXIMATE ANALYSES 基于终极和近似分析的生物质高热值预测

JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.51975/22370203.som

F. N. Osuolale, I. I. Olateju, E. Oke, A. O. Alade, S. Agarry, S. Alagbe, O. Ogunleye, O. Agbede

{"title":"PREDICTION OF HIGHER HEATING VALUE OF BIOMASS BASED ON ULTIMATE AND PROXIMATE ANALYSES","authors":"F. N. Osuolale, I. I. Olateju, E. Oke, A. O. Alade, S. Agarry, S. Alagbe, O. Ogunleye, O. Agbede","doi":"10.51975/22370203.som","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51975/22370203.som","url":null,"abstract":"High heating value (HHV) of biomass is important for the design and operation of biomass based energy conversion processes. Experimental determination of this property is always time consuming and expensive. This paper compares existing empirical correlations based on proximate and ultimate analysis of biomass for the determination of the HHV. The correlations were validated from experimental data for twelve biomass that are typical to Nigeria. The correlation based on proximate analysis with the least error is HHV=(354FC+170.8VM)/1000 having a mean absolute error of prediction in the range 0.12 to 5.71 and average absolute error of 0.07 to 24%. The Average absolute error of the correlation HHV=0.3897C+0.2976 from ultimate analysis ranges from 0.09 to 28.9% and the Mean absolute error ranges from 0.015 to 4.71. The predictions from the correlations are not showing good agreement with the experimental data. Ultimately, three correlations were developed in this study. The correlation based on ultimate analysis gave mean absolute prediction error of 0.11 to 2.45 and average absolute error of 0.6 to 16%. The correlation based on a combination of ultimate and proximate analysis gave mean absolute prediction error of 0.08 to 2.05 and average absolute error of 1-12%. The developed correlations are seen to be more accurate in predicting the HHV values. Keywords: Biomass, High Heating Value, Proximate analysis, Ultimate Analysis,","PeriodicalId":312777,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116338622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0