ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3929277
Wanting Liu, Yanmei Xin, Congfei Yao, H. Cui, Y. Cang, Zhonghai Zhang, Y. Miao
{"title":"A Nano-Enzymatic Photoelectrochemical L-Cysteine Biosensor Based on Bi2MoO6 Modified Honeycomb TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Composite","authors":"Wanting Liu, Yanmei Xin, Congfei Yao, H. Cui, Y. Cang, Zhonghai Zhang, Y. Miao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3929277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3929277","url":null,"abstract":"Improving light harvesting behavior and recognition sites of sensor is an effective way to achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of nano-enzymatic photoelectrochemical (PEC) L-cysteine (Cyst). In this work, the Bi2MoO6-TiO2 composite (BMO-HTNTs) with honeycomb TiO2 nanotube arrays (HTNTs) as light harvesting unit and Bi2MoO6 nanoparticles (BMO) as recognition unit was prepared. The typical honeycomb-nanoparticle heterostructure between HTNTs and BMO improves the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs. Moreover, BMO nanoparticles fully dispersed on HTNTs with large specific surface area provide more sites for Cyst recognition. The composite exhibited the enhanced light absorption and higher photocurrent density at 0.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), which was 4 times than that of HTNTs under simulated light. Ingeniously, Cyst can not only be specifically recognized through the Bi-S bonds but also act as electron donor to scavenge the photogenerated holes of BMO-HTNTs, resulting in the increase of PEC responses. The PEC sensor showed superior analytical performance for Cyst detection with two linear regression equations in the range of 500 nM to 500 μM and a detection limit of 150 nM. The results of the enzyme-free sensor on practical urine and serum samples demonstrated its promising application in biological monitoring.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132250618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3915517
T. Gevel, S. Zhuk, A. Suzdaltsev, Yuriy Zaikov
{"title":"Silicon Electrodeposition From the KCl-K 2SiF 6 Melt","authors":"T. Gevel, S. Zhuk, A. Suzdaltsev, Yuriy Zaikov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3915517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3915517","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, possible use of the KCl-K2SiF6 system for silicon electrodeposition has been studied. Kinetics of silicon electroreduction on glassy carbon in the KCl melt with the addition of 1 and 5 wt% K2SiF6 at 790°C was studied by electroanalytical methods (cyclic chronovoltammetry, square-wave voltammetry, chronoamperometry). Voltammetry was also used to determine equilibrium concentration of silicon containing-ions in the melt, and to estimate its decomposition rate to SiF4. It was shown that appearance of fluoride ions provides the required amount of silicon ions for the electrolytic refining of silicon due to the decomposition of K2SiF6.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115953782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3818965
Charankumar G. R, V. Munaswamy, T. G. Krishna, D. Subramanyam
{"title":"Dynamics of Soil Potassium Under Different Cropping Systems in Y.S.R Kadapa District of Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"Charankumar G. R, V. Munaswamy, T. G. Krishna, D. Subramanyam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3818965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3818965","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamics of soil potassium under five important cropping systems of Y.S.R. Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh was studied. From each cropping system five surface and subsurface soil samples were collected from fallow – bengalgram, sunflower – sesame, paddy – paddy, groundnut monocropping and groundnut – groundnut cropping systems in 2018-2019. The available K content varied from 73.65 mg kg-1 to 282.80 mg kg-1 and from 51.30 mg kg-1 to 160.90 mg kg-1, water soluble K content varied from 5.5 mg kg-1 to 43.30 mg kg-1 and from 5.05 mg kg-1 to 17.25 mg kg-1, exchangeable K content varied from 68.10 mg kg-1 to 254.10 mg kg-1 and from 43.70 mg kg-1 to 144.05 mg kg-1, non-exchangeable K content varied from 309.95 mg kg-1 to 970.35 mg kg-1 and from 238.80 mg kg-1 to 623.00 mg kg-1, lattice K content varied from 11498.10 mg kg-1 to 23326.60 mg kg-1 and from 6460.20 mg kg-1 to 35828.20 mg kg-1 and total K content varied from 11920 mg kg-1 to 24190 mg kg-1 and from 6990 mg kg-1 to 33330 mg kg-1 in surface and sub-surface soils, respectively under different cropping systems. Available K ranged from 0.58 to 1.33 per cent and 0.11 to 1.58 per cent, water soluble K 0.07 to 0.18 per cent to 0.03 to 0.18 per cent and 0.03 to 0.18 per cent, exchangeable K 0.44 to 1.20 per cent and 0.14 to 1.44 per cent, non-exchangeable K 2.33 to 5.08 per cent and 1.15 to 6.26 per cent and lattice K 94.00 to 97.08 per cent and 92.16 to 98.68 per cent in surface and sub-surface soils of total potassium, respectively under different cropping systems. All the forms of K were correlated with each other revealing the existence of dynamic equilibrium among them.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126104935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3830022
Karma Dema, Z. Hooshmand, M. Pederson
{"title":"Electronic and Magnetic Signatures of Low-Lying Spin-Flip Excitonic States of Mn 12O 12-Acetate","authors":"Karma Dema, Z. Hooshmand, M. Pederson","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3830022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3830022","url":null,"abstract":"Based upon recent work on the Mn<sub>3</sub> monomer and the Mn(taa) there is an expectation that Mn<sup><i>III</i></sup> centers can exist in local spin states with S=2 (3<i>d</i>↑↑↑↑) or S=1 (3<i>d</i>↑↑↑↓). While the high-spin states are usually more stable based on Hunds first rule, the Mn<sub>3</sub> monomer and the <i>Mn(taa)</i> provide examples where the presence of S=1 states is energetically favorable. In this paper we examine the possibility that such S=1 centers, referred to as Spin-Flip Excitons (SFE) can exist in the Mn<sub> 12</sub>O<sub>12</sub>(COOR)<sub>16</sub>[H<sub>2</sub>O]<sub>2</sub> molecule (Mn <sub>12</sub>-Ac). Our results shown that up to eight of these excitons can exist as metastable electronic states. We examine the relatively stability per exciton as a function of the the number of these excitons and determine spin-crossover paths between the the Mn<sub>12</sub>-Ac zero-exciton ground state (S=10), a four-exciton state (S=6) and an eight-exciton state. The magnetic anisotropy of these states decreases monotonically and significantly with the number of excitons.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129808712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3875674
A. Latha, V. Maheswari, K. Manoj, N. Elangovan, S. Chandrasekar
{"title":"Synthesis, Single Crystal (XRD), Spectral Characterization (FT-IR, FT-Raman, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, 119Sn NMR), Computational (DFT), Quantum Chemical Modeling and Anticancer Activity Studies of Di(p-Bromobenzyl) (Dibromo) (1, 10-Phenanthroline) Tin (IV) Complex","authors":"A. Latha, V. Maheswari, K. Manoj, N. Elangovan, S. Chandrasekar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3875674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3875674","url":null,"abstract":"The complex Di(p-bromobenzyl) (dibromo) (1, 10-phenanthroline) tin (IV) complex (4BRBR) were synthesized and experimentally proved at FT-IR, FT-Raman, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, 119SnNMR and XRD. DFT method used for comparison of theoretical and experimental method, theoretical method optimized to use for B3LYP/LanL2DZ basic set level. The complete vibrational spectral investigation was designed from VEDA program package. Quantum chemical calculated with help of Multiwfn software package. X-ray study confirmed the complex and crystallization by monoclinic space group with P21/c, hydrogen bonding formed through bromine atom such as C---H---Br (Sn-Br---H-Phen), and weak interaction observed at C---H---Br. The crystal of the complex 4BRBR shows tin atom is in regular octahedral geometry. Finally anticancer activity also studied in this complex in various cell lines like PC3 (Human prostate cancer cell), MCF7 (Breast cancer cell), U937 (Blood cancer cell) and U87 Brain cancer cell). The anticancer activity results clearly indicate the MCF7 cell line (Breast cancer cell) has higher anticancer activity compared to standard drug cisplatin and other cell lines which is 7.8 µg/ml concentrations.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"33 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125714107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aqueous Polyethylene Glycols as Green Reaction Media for the Nitration of Aromatic and Heterocyclic Compounds in Presence of Sodium Nitrite Under Transition Metal-Free and Mineral Acid-Free Conditions- A Kinetic Study","authors":"Sudhakar Chary Voruvala, Srinivas Pasnoori, Krishnaiah Ganga, Chinna Rajanna Kamatala, Umesh Kumar Utkoor","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3949252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3949252","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous polyethylene glycols (PEG) were found to be effective green reaction media in NaNO2 triggered kinetics of nitration of aromatic compounds under acid-free conditions. Reaction obeyed second order kinetics with first order in [Ar-OH] and also in [NaNO2]. Added PEG accelerated the rate of nitration with its concentration. Added acryl amide or acrylonitrile to the reaction mixture did not alter the reaction rates or did not undergo polymerization indicating the absence of free radical intermediates.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126025133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3894864
Anila Tahir, K. Shahid, M. Shahzad, Usman Aftab
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Metal Complexes (Zinc, Iron, Copper, Antimony, and Tin) of Sulphanilamide Derivatives","authors":"Anila Tahir, K. Shahid, M. Shahzad, Usman Aftab","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3894864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3894864","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the emerging problem of antibiotic resistance. Its high time that new medicinal products need to be investigated to tackle this problem. Synthesis and characterization of metal-based Sulfa drugs have gained a lot of attention in past few decades, because of their enhanced therapeutic applications. Current study includes the synthesis and characterization of a sulphanilamide ligand and its metal complexes by reacting Sulphanilamide and P-toluene sulphonyl chloride and then reacting them with ten different metals like zinc, copper, iron, tin and antimony to make their metal complexes and to prepare new metallodrugs with improved biological activities. Biological activity of the compounds were determined by screening ligand and metal complexes for antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant potential. All complexes were successfully made and are found to have significant antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity. In Infrared Spectroscopes the absence of primary stretch from the ligand in metal complexes confirms the attachment of metal. The appearance of new IR band which were absent in ligand spectra are assigned as metal bonds with NH and support the formation of metal complexes. In the 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra of all complexes, the change in the appearance of peaks and formation of proton signals for the groups attached to metals confirmed the formation of complexes. In the spectra of 13 C NMR of all complexes the peaks representing specific carbon confirm the formation of complexes. The groups attached with added metal complexes also showed their peaks which are in agreement with the proposed structures. The results of biological assays showed improved antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity in all metal complexes than the ligand.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125062956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3830023
M. Al-Noaimi, F. Awwadi, Azzam Aljammal, Wamidh H. Talib, Muhannad I. Massadeh, A. Mahmod
{"title":"Palladium (II) Complexes of Azoithiophenyl Tridentate SNS Donor System: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Properties, Electrochemistry, Structural Characterization, and Biological Activity","authors":"M. Al-Noaimi, F. Awwadi, Azzam Aljammal, Wamidh H. Talib, Muhannad I. Massadeh, A. Mahmod","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3830023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3830023","url":null,"abstract":"Palladium complexes, [Pd(L)(OAc))] (1-2), have been synthesized by reacting Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub> and new thioether containing azo ligand (L) (L = 2(RS) C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>N=NC(COCH<sub>3</sub>)-SC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, R= C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub> (L1), CH<sub>3</sub>(L2)). The complexes and their ligand have been characterized by spectroscopic techniques (IR, NMR and UV–Vis) and geometries have been confirmed by X-ray crystal structures of <b>1</b> and L1. The electronic spectra of the complexes show moderately intense LMCT band along with intense ILCT transitions. Cyclic voltammetric studies show one quasi-irreversible reduction couple L<sup>-1/0</sup> for the two ligands and L<sup>2-/-</sup> for the two complexes. The antitumor potential of the ligands and complexes was investigated preliminarily by applying MTT assay on cancer and normal cell lines along with <i>cis</i> platin as a standard anticancer drug. It was found that the palladium (Ⅱ) complexes are more cytotoxic toward cancer cells than their analogous ligands. Complex <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed high activity against human breast cancer cells (T47D) with IC₅₀ values of 61.6 ±12 and 72.3 ±8.4 μM/ml, respectively. However, complex <b>1</b> revealed some toxicity in normal cell line (VERO). On the other hand, both complexes exhibited less potency in human colon cancer cells (HCT 116 cell line). These finding determined that the antiproliferative activity is improved when the ligands (L1-L2) are integrated into the metal center.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121835418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3940124
V. Prakash, G. Garima, N. Prabhakar, G. Kaur, Ankur Diwan, S. Mehta, Shuchi Sharma
{"title":"Structural Insight on Thiourea Doped Graphene: An Efficient Electrochemical Sensor for Voltammetric Detection of Morphine in Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages","authors":"V. Prakash, G. Garima, N. Prabhakar, G. Kaur, Ankur Diwan, S. Mehta, Shuchi Sharma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3940124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3940124","url":null,"abstract":"Morphine (MO) has been one of the most talked-about abused drug amongst all the opiates. In this context, the present work focuses on a facile and reliable method of morphine detection principled on electrochemical techniques. The excellent electronic properties of chemically synthesized nitrogen and sulphur doped graphene (NSG) have been utilized to detect MO in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and beverages. The electrochemical property of the NSG with varying concentrations of the dopant (thiourea) and the un-doped graphene (G) material has been studied. All the materials have been characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction , field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical detection of MO has been carried out using DPV and CV. NSG material has been seen to proliferate the electron transfer of the oxidized MO and results in an enhanced current response. The detection response of MO has been noticed to be dependent on pH environments (2 to 11) and was found to be a proton-dependent mechanistic approach. The LDR, and LOD of MO, obtained using NSG 4 as the electrode, have been calculated as 294 µg/mL to 0.57 µg/mL, and 0.26 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the electrode modifier showcased demonstrated fairly good stability and repeatability. The morphine detection results reported in this work show a reasonably good LOD in comparison to earlier reports. The detection of spiked MO in soft and hard drinks without any pre-treatment procedures has also been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130195450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemRN EM FeedsPub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3919709
Mr. Kannan Periyasamy, Mr. I. Ragavan, Dr. P.M. P. M. Anbarasan, P. Sakthivel
{"title":"Molecular Engineering, Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Carbazole Derivatives for Solar Cell Applications: First Principle Theoretical Study","authors":"Mr. Kannan Periyasamy, Mr. I. Ragavan, Dr. P.M. P. M. Anbarasan, P. Sakthivel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3919709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3919709","url":null,"abstract":"Great progress has been made in developing organic compounds by modifying carbazole (Cz) based D-π-A type dye molecules viz., Cz-1, Cz-2 and Cz-3 was successfully designed and synthesized. Herein, we report the synthesis, photophysical properties, scanning electron microscope and electrochemical characterization (quasi-reversible oxidation processes) of three Cz based compounds are investigated. The calculated results agree well with the available experimental data of absorption spectra, HOMO-LUMO energy levels and band gaps using Time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) theory. The results from Natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations have been analyzed in terms of the computational electronic structure and charge transfer or conjugative interaction in molecular systems. The result is fluorescence time-correlated single photon counting ranged between 4.32, 4.25, 13.2 ns and green to blue (λPL = 431–881 nm) emission for complexes 1–3 in DMF solution. Cz-3 compounds showed excellent photovoltaic properties with power conversion efficiencies of 5.68%. These results clearly reveal that modification of the electron-withdrawing capability in D-π-A conjugated metal-free organic is an effective way to improve the optical and electrical properties of the metal free organic photovoltaic device.","PeriodicalId":310840,"journal":{"name":"ChemRN EM Feeds","volume":"264 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120871141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}