Journal of Wheat Research最新文献_第2页

Compatibility of Different Pesticides Used for Aphid and Stripe Rust Control in Wheat 不同农药防治小麦蚜虫和条锈病的配伍性

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66631

Beant Singh, J. Kaur

{"title":"Compatibility of Different Pesticides Used for Aphid and Stripe Rust Control in Wheat","authors":"Beant Singh, J. Kaur","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66631","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is the principal cereal crop of India and every year it suffers serious grain yield losses due to insect pest and diseases. In last few years, the simultaneous attacks of aphids and stripe rust were noticed during reproductive stages of wheat growth. As such the combination of different plant protection chemicals is not recommended, but combined application saves time, labour and money by reducing the number of sprays. Thus, it becomes inevitable for farmers to think about pesticide combinations when simultaneous appearance of disease and insect are confronted in the field. The compatibility of insecticide and fungicide mixture is a matter of great concern. The investigations were conducted to test the field efficacy and compatibility of some insecticides with broad spectrum fungicide propiconazole. The results of the studies clearly indicated that combinations of propiconazole with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam did not hinder their efficacy. However, the aphid control was significantly less (0-5.95 %) when the combination of insecticide and fungicide were sprayed in 500 litres of spray volume as compared to 250 litres of spray volume per hectare. At the same time, reduction in coccinellid population was also less (2.48-8.96%) when 500 litres of spray volume was used. The information from the study will help the farmers confronted with the combined attack of stripe rust and aphids in wheat growing regions of the country. The tested combinations can reduce cost of pesticide application in wheat crop and can also fit well in IPM programme.","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130643690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Variability in Phytic Acid and Phytase Levels and Utilization of Synthetic Hexaploids for Enhancing Phytase Levels in Bread Wheat 植酸和植酸酶水平的变异及利用合成六倍体提高面包小麦植酸酶水平

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/69945

A. Vashishth, S. Ram, V. Beniwal

{"title":"Variability in Phytic Acid and Phytase Levels and Utilization of Synthetic Hexaploids for Enhancing Phytase Levels in Bread Wheat","authors":"A. Vashishth, S. Ram, V. Beniwal","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/69945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/69945","url":null,"abstract":"Phytic acid and phytase levels in wheat grains have greater influence on the bioavailability of micronutrients to human beings. Hence in the present investigation, two hundred fifty seven wheat genotypes including 168 synthetic hexaploids and 89 wheat cultivars were used to assess variability in phytase and phytic acid levels. The phytic acid content showed 1.5 fold variations from 1.03 to 1.58% with the mean value of 1.34% in bread wheat cultivars while higher variability (2.1 fold)was exhibited in synthetic hexaploids ranging from 0.93 to 1.98% with the mean value of 1.35%. There were 4.1 fold differences in phytase levels in wheat cultivars varying from 284 to 1155 FTU/ Kg with the mean value of 516 FTU/Kg and 7.9 fold in synthetic hexaploids varying from 255 to 2025 FTU/Kg with the mean value of 751 FTU/Kg. There was very strong correlation (R2=0.89)in phytase levels between duplicate samples of the wheat flours demonstrating high reproducibility of direct assay method used in this investigation. The method has additional advantage of analysing small quantity of materials available in the segregating generations of breeding programme.The selected synthetic hexaploids having high phytase levels are useful source for improving phytase levels in bread wheat cultivars.","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131162246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Trends of Seed Production, Varietal Scenario and Future Prospects in Barley 大麦种子生产趋势、品种前景及未来展望

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/70102

V. Kumar, L. Kumar, A. S. Kharub

{"title":"Trends of Seed Production, Varietal Scenario and Future Prospects in Barley","authors":"V. Kumar, L. Kumar, A. S. Kharub","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/70102","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is one of the prime sectors in Indian economy and more than 58 per cent of the Indian population depends upon agriculture for their livelihood. However, with this quantum of population dependency, agriculture contributions were 13.9% during 2013-14, while compared with industry (26.1%) and service (59.9%) sectors, respectively (Chauhan et al., 2016). Seed is the most crucial input in agriculture to deliver technological interventions for enhancing crop production and ensuring livelihood security. The success of other factors is greatly dependent upon quality seed for a good harvest. Seed being a key factor for higher productivity, its production, supply and quality aspects are always prime concern for sustainable growth and achieving food security (Manjunatha et al., 2013). For yield maximization and enhancing net profit in barley like other cereals, quality seed production and availability is the first and utmost requirement for long term gain realization. The seed indents and supply are integral parts for the higher productivity for any crop, therefore the presented study was undertaken to analyse the recent barley breeder seed production trends of indented varieties for future prospects.","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114613069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Bed Planting for Resource Conservation, Diversification and Sustainability of Wheat Based Cropping System 基于资源节约、多样化和可持续性的小麦主作系统床上种植

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/62285

S. Tripathi, A. Das

{"title":"Bed Planting for Resource Conservation, Diversification and Sustainability of Wheat Based Cropping System","authors":"S. Tripathi, A. Das","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/62285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/62285","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system has been at threat mainly due to declining groundwater levels, soil organic matter content and macro and micro-nutrient availability, increased soil salinization, incidence of diseases and pests. In recent past a number of resource conservation technologies (RCTs), like zero-tillage, bed planting, laser leveling, intercropping of high value crops in the systems, have been introduced in the rice-wheat cropping system in India. Among them bed planting technique holds potential for efficient resource conservation, diversification as well as for sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system. The reported experimental results indicated that bed planting technique not only save the resources like water (20-40%), nutrients (25% N) and labour but also facilitates the greater diversification and intensification of the rice-wheat cropping systems. Adoption of this system also increased the production of cereals (6-37%), pulses (15-34 %) and oilseeds (20%) over flat planting. This system of planting also offers opportunity for intercropping viz. wheat + sugarcane, wheat + mentha, maize + mung bean/ urd bean etc. that provides higher productivity and income from the system. In this paper importance of bed planting technique in conservation of natural resources and diversification/intensification of rice-wheat cropping system has been described.","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128854105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Heterosis and Inbreeding Depression in Relation to Heterotic Parameters in Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) under Late Sown Condition 晚播条件下面包小麦杂种优势及近交抑制与杂种优势参数的关系

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/67482

J. Kumar, A. Kumar, Mukul Kumar, S. Singh, L. Singh, G. Singh

{"title":"Heterosis and Inbreeding Depression in Relation to Heterotic Parameters in Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) under Late Sown Condition","authors":"J. Kumar, A. Kumar, Mukul Kumar, S. Singh, L. Singh, G. Singh","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/67482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/67482","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation on heterosis and inbreeding depression was conducted on genetically diverse 10 parent diallel crosses of bread wheat. The experimental materials comprised 100 genotypes including 10 parents and their F 1 s and F 2 s progenies and trial was conducted in randomized complete block deign with three replication at Economic Botanical Research Farm, Nawabganj of C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, during 2013-14 and 2014-15. The analysis of variance revealed that the all components of variances showed significant differences for almost the traits under studied over both generations. The result of economic heterosis revealed that the cross combinations, DBW 14/K 0424, K 9162/K 9423, K 9533/K 0307, K 1114/K 0424 and K 1114/NW 2036 were good for grain yield per plant along with range of -88.54 (K 0424/K 0911) to 28.52 per cent (DBW 14/K 0424) and other traits compared to 45 F 1 s whereas, all these cross combinations also had significant grain yield demission in F 2 s results of increase of homozygosity among the crosses in succeeding generations. The range of inbreeding depression varied from-50.36 (K 1114/K 9423) to 49.12 percent (K 0911/K 0307) in F 2 s. Accordingly, these cross combinations may be utilized for improving grain yield as well as production of better transgressive segregants in advance generations for maintain of specific gene pool of bread wheat through breeding program in future.","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117246731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Influence of Tillage, Cultivar, Seed Rate and Planting Geometry on Wheat Yield 耕作方式、品种、播种率和种植形态对小麦产量的影响

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/71641

R. S. Chhokar, Ramesh K. Sharma, S. C. Gill, Raj Kumar

{"title":"Influence of Tillage, Cultivar, Seed Rate and Planting Geometry on Wheat Yield","authors":"R. S. Chhokar, Ramesh K. Sharma, S. C. Gill, Raj Kumar","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/71641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/71641","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted to improve the wheat yield through adjustments in seed rate, spacing and sowing method at Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana during Rabi seasons of 2008-09 to 2012-13. The results showed that by using the precision seed drilling, seed rate from present recommendations of 100 kg/ha can be reduced to 75 kg/ha, however further reduction in seed rate caused yield reductions. If we translate 25% saving across the wheat growing area of India (30 mha) then we can have a huge saving of about 7.5 x 105 ton per year of wheat seed. The yield improved as row spacing was reduced from 22.5 to 15 cm, although yield was not significantly different among 15, 17.5 and 20 cm row spacing. Among three varieties (PBW 550, PBW 502 and DBW 17) maximum yield was produced by PBW 550. Among three crop establishment methods viz. no till (NT), conventional till (CT) and bed planted wheat, the lowest yield was obtained in bed planted system, whereas NT and CT had similar yield levels. In 2 and 3 rows bed planted system, 3 rows yielded more compared to 2 row system. Yield improved with bidirectional (criss-cross) sowing (1⁄2 + 1⁄2 seed) compared to uni-directional sowing. The results of the present studies clearly indicate that wheat yield can be improved through right choice of cultivar, seed rate, spacing and crop establishment methods (Crisscross sowing).","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127335389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Evaluation of Wheat Based Mixed Cropping in River-Basin Areas of Western Nepal 尼泊尔西部流域地区以小麦为主的混作评价

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/71985

B. Pokharel, S. Sharma, Gam Bahadur Pun, Naina Singh Chhetri

引用次数: 0

Improvement of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Yield by Different Row Spacings and Varieties 小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的改良不同行距和品种的产量

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66727

Bhagat Singh, Mukesh Kumar, A. Dhaka

{"title":"Improvement of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Yield by Different Row Spacings and Varieties","authors":"Bhagat Singh, Mukesh Kumar, A. Dhaka","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66727","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13 to study improvement of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield by different row spacing and varieties. Three wheat varieties viz. DBW 17, PBW 550 and WH 711 with four row spacings (15.0, 17.5, 20.0 and 22.5 cm) were studied in experimentation split plot design. Results of the experiment revealed that all parameters including growth, yield and yield attributes were significantly influenced by different row spacings. Based on pooled mean data, maximum plant height (90.8 cm) and effective tillers/ m2 (481) were recorded in 15.0 cm row spacing crop, which were significantly higher than wider row spacing whereas, highest 1000 grain weight (42.7 g) and grains/earhead (41.9) were observed in 22.5 cm row spacing. The highest grain yield (54.0 q/ha) and straw yield (84.7 q/ha) were recorded when crop was sown at 15.0 cm row spacing, which was significantly higher than 20.0 and 22.5 cm row spacing crop. Among the cultivars, WH 711 recorded highest 1000 grains weight (43.5 g), whereas maximum grains/earhead were recorded in PBW 550 (41.9). Maximum grain yield (52.7 q/ha) was recorded in PBW 550 though the differences were non significant among different varieties, whereas, maximum straw yield (83.9 q/ha) was found in WH 711. Harvest index of PBW 550 (40.1) was significantly higher than DBW 17 and WH 711.","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122434345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Identification of Physiological Races of Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici in Iraq 小麦锈菌生理小种的鉴定。伊拉克的tritici

Journal of Wheat Research Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66959

E. Al-Maaroof

{"title":"Identification of Physiological Races of Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici in Iraq","authors":"E. Al-Maaroof","doi":"10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2017/66959","url":null,"abstract":"Stem rust has become a major cause for concern with the emergence of race Ug99 in Eastern Africa. The potential impact of the disease is particularly serious in Iraq. The current study was conducted to identify the physiological races of Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici (Pgt), the causal agent of stem rust. Single pustules of stem rust samples collected from different wheat fields from Sulaimani, Erbil, Diala, Nineveh and Babylon were separately multiplied on the susceptible cultivar cv Morocco. Seven-day-old seedlings of the North American stem rust differential set inoculated with urediniospores of each pathogen isolate; the inoculated plants were scored two weeks after inoculation using the infection type scale described by Stakman. Race analysis indicated prevalence of five races of the pathogen. Race TKTRC was prevalent in Sulaimani; RKJTF in Erbil; TKTTC in Nineveh; PRJSC in Diala and KRKSCin Dheqar.The resistance genes Sr24 and Sr31 were effective against all Pgt isolates, while resistance genes Sr7b, Sr9g, Sr9b, Sr30, Sr9a, Sr9d, SrMcN were ineffective against all the isolates. None of the identified races of Pgt belonged to race Ug99 or members of this race group. Real-time PCR analysis of DNA extracted from dead spores, representing each of the Pgt races, at USDA-ARS cereal disease Lab, St Paul, Minnesota confirmed these results. .","PeriodicalId":310772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wheat Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133233956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5