Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social最新文献

{"title":"Inclure les personnes en situation de handicap dans la réponse\u0000d’urgence à une crise : réagir face aux constats alarmants du terrain","authors":"Thomas Calvot","doi":"10.7202/1087636ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087636ar","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article illustre la problématique du handicap et de l’urgence selon l’expérience de Handicap\u0000International, une organisation non gouvernementale qui oeuvre au quotidien depuis 1982 aux côtés\u0000des personnes en situation de handicap et des personnes vulnérables confrontées à différents types\u0000de crises. Nous nous attacherons dans un premier temps à décrire les conséquences d’une crise humanitaire\u0000en termes de création/augmentation du handicap et ses impacts sur la vie quotidienne de\u0000la personne en situation de handicap à travers la grille d’analyse du Processus de production du handicap\u0000(PPH). Puis, nous décrirons brièvement le cadre légal et les recommandations existantes dans\u0000le champ du handicap et de l’urgence. Nous poursuivrons ensuite avec le constat essentiel relevé sur\u0000le terrain ces dernières années, tendant à prouver que peu de ces obligations et recommandations\u0000sont respectées. Nous rebondirons enfin sur un certain nombre de principes d’actions et de solutions\u0000simples, nés de l’expérience visant à améliorer la prise en charge des personnes en situation de handicap\u0000dans l’urgence.","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128947493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charles Gaucher, Ma culture, c’est les mains\u0000La quête identitaire des Sourds au Québec, Sainte-Foy, Les Presses de l’Université Laval, 2009,\u0000183 p.","authors":"Sylvain Letscher","doi":"10.7202/1087629ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087629ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125314212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haïti : le Camp Espwa et l’égalité des chances","authors":"Mathieu Simard","doi":"10.7202/1087642ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087642ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132173130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Perceptions of Deaf Persons for Recommendations\u0000towards Effective HIV/AIDS Programming in Nairobi","authors":"Joanne Shackleton","doi":"10.7202/1087624ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087624ar","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Purpose: To assess barriers encountered by Deaf persons from Nairobi’s informal settlements, such as language,\u0000in obtaining information and treatment services related to HIV and AIDS.\u0000 \u0000 Method: Upon completion of a literature review, consultation with Deaf Empowerment Kenya, two focus group\u0000discussions with Deaf community members, a quantitative questionnaire was designed and administered to 32\u0000Deaf participants from Dandora, Haruma and Kayole.\u0000 \u0000 Results: Although the results from the questionnaires represent a small sample of Deaf adults in Kenya, it offers\u0000important insight into the perspectives of Deaf persons in the context of HIV and AIDS. Future programming\u0000should continue to be offered in Kenyan Sign Language (KSL), the Deaf community’s primary language - whether\u0000through seminars with interpreters and Deaf lecturers, Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) HIV testing and\u0000counseling in KSL, or a new innovation: educational videos with Deaf actors. Written materials should be complementary\u0000and not the means to an end, and supplemented with clear illustrations.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusions: It is recommended that Deaf persons are empowered and involved in the development of learning\u0000materials to suit their unique needs, and create a sense of ownership of future education, treatment, care and\u0000support programs.","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133176179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructions of Deafness: Exploring Normalcy\u0000and Deviance within Specific Social Representations","authors":"Thomas P. Horejes","doi":"10.7202/1087621ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087621ar","url":null,"abstract":"The constructions of deafness and social representations of a deaf child are very complicated and\u0000deeply contested. This paper examines the constructions of deafness and how it has been sociohistorically\u0000framed and re-framed within the parameters of normalcy and deviance. Such analysis may\u0000offer insight on the potential impact of shaping ideology, politics, and what it means to be deaf. This\u0000level of analysis is conducted via an examination of the socio-history of deaf education including discussions\u0000of the ongoing “paradigm wars” between certain social control institutions, mainly American\u0000Sign Language-based (or called English-based) and the oral-based educational institutions and its\u0000implications of language. Examining these two social control institutions will seek to uncover certain\u0000constructions within specific social representations and societal dynamics that may shape the deaf\u0000child’s identity, its version of “natural” gifts, social inequality, and ultimately the types of ideologies\u0000constructed toward deaf students. A possible alternative view of reapproprating of the corporeal differences\u0000of deafness is discussed including positive strategies to minimize reproduced social stratification,\u0000oppression, social inequality, and divisions when dealing with deafness.","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116101166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policies in the Context of Humanitarian Emergencies\u0000Involving Persons with Disabilities","authors":"Mathieu Simard","doi":"10.7202/1087635ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087635ar","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a non-systematic review discussing the representation of people with disabilities\u0000(PWDs) in humanitarian emergency policies. This review found a difference between disabilityfocused\u0000organizations and organizations not focused on disability. Those not focusing on disability\u0000tend not to directly mention PWDs as being a target group for their action. They also present PWDs in\u0000a more passive or victimizing role.\u0000 This may be influenced by differences in organisational culture, as well as by contextual differences\u0000in the creation of the non-governmental organizations (NGO’s). NGO’s that have existed for a long\u0000time were most commonly created in a charitable or a medical model, whereas more recently created\u0000organizations tend to be based on a rights oriented model.\u0000 Solutions proposed to counteract this problem include involving PWDs and disability advocacy\u0000NGOs in all steps of the analysis, planning, policy development, implementation, response and relief,\u0000rehabilitation and reconstruction. PWDs should be involved in disaster activities which would in turn\u0000allow for a better inclusion of persons with disability in policies and in relief efforts.","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"193 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123330806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marguerite Blais et J. Rhéaume, Apprendre à vivre aux frontières des cultures\u0000sourdes et entendantes : histoires d’enfants\u0000entendants issus de parents sourds, Québec, Les Presses de l’Université Laval, 2009, 146 p.","authors":"L. Duchesne","doi":"10.7202/1087631ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087631ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133881463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’insuffisante prise en compte des besoins des personnes en situation de\u0000handicap dans le temps et l’espace d’une crise humanitaire est un déni de droit","authors":"Jean-Baptiste Richardier","doi":"10.7202/1087634ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087634ar","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis l’origine, Handicap International défend une conception de l’aide humanitaire fondée sur les\u0000droits de la personne. Cette perspective place les personnes en situation de handicap au coeur des\u0000secours déployés par la solidarité internationale et milite pour que leurs besoins spécifiques soient\u0000considérés dès les toutes premières phases, et non seulement lorsque la situation s’est stabilisée. Cet\u0000article s’intéresse aux solutions qu’Handicap International propose pour organiser et financer les soins\u0000et l’assistance apportés aux personnes en situation de handicap et à leurs familles dans les suites\u0000immédiates d’une crise. Il avance également que l’implication des personnes en situation de handicap\u0000dans les dispositifs de préparation à une catastrophe est essentielle. De même, la participation des\u0000personnes handicapées parmi les populations réfugiées, déplacées ou sinistrées doit systématiquement\u0000être recherchée car elle favorise la mise en place de politiques de prévention des incapacités.\u0000Handicap International invite les acteurs et bailleurs de l’aide humanitaire à ne pas ignorer les besoins\u0000spécifiques des personnes en situation de handicap lors des crises, que ce soit pour des raisons de\u0000complexité, de coûts ou de faible nombre présumé.","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132330295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L’incapacité au Yémen sous une perspective de pauvreté","authors":"Majid Turmusani","doi":"10.7202/1087640ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087640ar","url":null,"abstract":"Cette étude offre un premier coup d’oeil sur la situation de personnes handicapées au Yémen, dans un contexte de\u0000pauvreté. L’étude met l’accent sur le besoin d’une stratégie participative complète visant à protéger et à favoriser les\u0000droits de personnes handicapées. De plus, l’étude appuie une approche participative de recherche pour faciliter le\u0000développement d’un partenariat entre les partenaires participants, servant ainsi de modèle d’habilitation de personnes\u0000handicapées et de leurs organismes, tout comme de modèle pour une future stratégie participative sur l’incapacité.\u0000L’engagement politique du haut niveau gouvernemental envers l’incapacité au Yémen a inscrit la question des problèmes\u0000auxquels font face les personnes handicapées à l’ordre du jour public. Cependant, les discussions tenues\u0000avec des personnes handicapées et leurs familles dans quatre régions, y compris la capitale, Sana’a, ont prouvé que\u0000les personnes handicapées ne cessent de faire face à la discrimination en ce qui touche l’accès aux services et le\u0000soutien de la communauté. Les barrières physiques et institutionnelles empêchent les personnes handicapées de\u0000recevoir des services, ce qui maintient leur passivité. De manière générale, le soutien aux handicapés demeure limité\u0000en raison d’un manque de stratégie sur l’incapacité et de l’existence de mécanismes de coordination médiocres. Parmi\u0000les obstacles qui gênent le développement du secteur de l’incapacité au Yémen, deux tiennent une place importante :\u0000le manque d’information pertinente nécessaire à la planification et la pauvreté grandement répandue (stratégie inefficace\u0000en lien à la pauvreté). Une stratégie de réduction de la pauvreté ne devrait pas seulement développer la capacité\u0000économique des régions mais aussi mettre l’accent sur le développement des forces des individus pour favoriser\u0000l’utilisation des rares ressources au sein de leur communauté (l’utilisation d’une approche de réadaptation basée sur la\u0000communauté). Une stratégie efficace de réduction de la pauvreté va de pair avec des mesures compréhensibles et\u0000simples de filets de sécurité sociale aussi bien qu’avec une stratégie complète sur l’incapacité, de manière à satisfaire\u0000efficacement aux besoins de personnes handicapées.","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121967676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le handicap, la guerre chimique et l’éducation : l’effet retard","authors":"D. Poizat","doi":"10.7202/1087639ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087639ar","url":null,"abstract":"L’article envisage les répercussions des conflits généralement nommés « guerres chimiques ou\u0000bactériologiques » sur les populations, en insistant sur les effets vrais ou supposés de ces conflits sur\u0000les maladies ou déficiences qui peuvent éventuellement survenir. Les questions de l’alliance entre\u0000science et cruauté et de la preuve scientifique mesurant les effets de ces conflits sont traitées sous\u0000l’angle civilisationnel.","PeriodicalId":310503,"journal":{"name":"Développement Humain, Handicap et Changement Social","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115768408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}