Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch最新文献

{"title":"Indoor relative humidity: relevance for health, comfort, and choice of ventilation system","authors":"Maria Coral Albelda-Estellés Ness","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15237","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally recommended to keep the values of relative humidity (RH) indoors between 40 and 60% for comfort and health. However, the environment in our homes and offices is a lot dryer in the winter, going down to 20% or less in cold climates. We can be in such dry environments for short periods, but in the long term we might get physiological impairments such as dry or irritated eyes, nose, throat and skin, and even an increase on headaches and respiratory or skin diseases and allergies. On the other hand, too high values of relative humidity can promote growth of fungi and mites, and create moisture problems in building materials. Those problems could be solved by finding a balance between ventilation rate and indoor humidity production, in combination with moisture absorbing materials. However, these strategies work better with lower air speed and ventilation rate, which may in turn conflict with the need for fresh air to compensate for the production of CO2 and other pollutants. Typically, mechanically ventilated spaces tend to have a lower RH than those with natural ventilation, independently of the season and indoor temperature, since their main focus is providing enough fresh air to keep CO2 levels below 1000ppm. Recently, it has gained acceptance to monitor temperature, humidity and CO2 for indoor air quality and health, which has the potential to show their interactions and help find an optimal balance between them. We carried a building performance simulation (BPS)analysis of an office building with an optimized design for passive strategies and automation in cold climate. Instead of focusing on high air changes, this building uses extra high floors for stratification of temperature and pollutants, to reduce the need for ventilation in winter. Then we compared indoor RH under natural and mechanical ventilation, to reflect on the effect of the ventilation system.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131580985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architectures of Emergency. Sentinel operations for a rapidly changing environment","authors":"Estefania Mompean Botias","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15274","url":null,"abstract":"The declaration of an emergency is given by various protocols that respond to a series of interventions driven by an environmental urgency (Anderson 2017), designed by global networks of experts that mobilize advertising modes of economic development in the face of environmental collapse (Goh 2021). This research proposes a different imaginary of the Emergency. This reflection aims to resignify the Emergency from the embodied experiences of the disruptive events we live, opening the discussion on the frictions between a normative world based on human security and the modalities of militant movements dedicated to redressing social, environmental, and economic inequalities (Whyte 2018). In this sense, we develop the idea of sentinel modes of care that reflect the affective scaffolding of life-related to the environment and potential catastrophe (Wright, Plahe, and Jack 2022). A state of constant alertness characterizes sentinel care within a more-than-human register of the relationship and potentialities of the territory. This text aims to position itself on emergency protocols while exploring other imaginaries and their impact on spatial practices.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116400247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The architectural structure in the face of climate-relate catastrophe: a classificatory approach","authors":"Diego Sanz Almela, Maria Piqueras Blasco, Begoña Serrano Lanzarote, Ernesto Fenollosa Forner","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15160","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, given the geopolitical and climatic emergency context in which we find ourselves, various catastrophes of different kinds, including natural ones such as floods, volcanic eruptions or earthquakes, and human ones such as armed conflicts, nuclear accidents or most fires, whose impact often results in human and economic losses, have highlighted the need to rethink architectural structures in order to ensure that they are as resilient as possible.The key to achieving this and aim of this manuscript, is to firstly identify the intrinsic objective parameters of the most statistically probable catastrophes that we can currently suffer, in order to characterize and classify them from different points of view based on their future consequences on building structures, since only in this way will we be able to conceive and materialize them with the capacity to withstand not only usual loads, but also to present the best possible behaviour in the face of accidental situations caused by potential new adverse episodes.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126002798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architecture of essences: the revealing abstraction of the tobacco landscape","authors":"Juan Francisco García Nofuentes, Roser Martínez-Ramos e Iruela","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15282","url":null,"abstract":"The architecture targeted by this study, born to shelter and allow the process of organic transformation of the harvested tobacco leaf, is unequivocally identified with a defined chronology and territory. The tobacco drying sheds of the Vega of Granada have shaped, for more than sixty years and until today, the landscape framework of a region that has historically played a decisive role in this large area that is home to a total of forty-one municipalities. Based on the scientific procedure that guides the systematic organisation of landscape studies, we establish a comparative analysis using the so-called morphological method of synthesis; a characteristic empirical practice that allows the enforcement of an inductive analytical procedure for an exact approximation to the landscape, to the time and to the permanence of form as an indispensable requirement of identity.  As for the architecture of models and prototypes, we conclude with the architectural characterization of one of the three reference complexes in the province, constituted by one of the most representative models of industrial architecture that is configured on the basis of the essential or invariant in time and space. Geometry acquires prominence, and the material condition of the prototypes loses its relevance in benefit of the relationships that become important as formal configurators of the architectural process.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125191948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The gap between Near Zero Emissions Buildings and the Spanish building regulation","authors":"Alberto Quintana Gallardo","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15162","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the effects of climate change, energy has become one of the most relevant topics nowadays. Because of the increasing amount of electronic devices, the dependency to energy consumption is increasing every year. At the same time, in order to avoid the devastating effects of global warming, it is crucial to find ways to lower the energy consumption in buildings. In recent decades, the building regulations have been updated several times to account for this changing reality. However, is the local Spanish energy regulation restrictive enough to reach Near Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB)? This study aims to answer this question through a case study. A single-family house built in Valencia in 2013 has been analyzed by comparing the current state and how it would have been constructed under the updated legislation. The work is conducted through energy simulation and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The energy simulation is performed with OpenStudio, which uses the calculation engine EnergyPlus. The LCA was carried out using SimaPro and the Ecoinvent database. By analyzing the results obtained in both cases, it is possible to analyze the effectiveness of the CTE DB HE 2019 compared to the applicable norm in 2013 in terms of reducing energy consumption and the CO2 equivalent emissions. It can be concluded that although the current legislation is a significant improvement over previous ones, it is not enough to reach NZEB","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121566864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation and the construction of space","authors":"Paolo De Marco","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15296","url":null,"abstract":"In the last century, the architectural renewal proposed by the functionalist ideal of the livingmachine placed the architectural object in a context, establishing perceptive relations with it but remaining substantially distinct. Although in some cases the vegetation was incorporated into the architecture for the definition of some internal open spaces, it is necessary to wait for a revision of these principles to find new research for a deep interaction between natural and artificial space (an ecosystem architecture-nature).After these experiences, the focus on vegetation has decreased, returning to be a central theme of contemporary research, especially in response to the complex crisis and pandemic underway that has defined new qualitative and quantitative priorities for domestic space and cities.The contemporary debate about the relationship between built space and vegetation has often been devoted to the urban scale and the external and public dimensions of buildings. At the scale of architecture, the presence of vegetation is often evaluated from the point of view of environmental comfort and for its use in energy strategies.In response to the new needs of living and building (for a truly integrated and sustainable environment), the contribution aims to offer a reflection on vegetation as an architectural and spatial component (mainly in areas with medium-high population density) whose presence acts as an element of structuring and sorting the project. In the desirable change of priorities, the contribution aims to offer a reflection on the theme through a framework of the role of vegetation as a material of the project, making use of different experiences, reporting case studies, and analyzing the use of vegetation concerning the multiple issues of space. The contribution, therefore, elaborates good practices, in order to define ideas and rules for the role of vegetation in contemporary architectural space.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122164973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basalt FRP rods assessment as an alternative reinforcement for reinforced concrete","authors":"J. Vercher, Tomàs Vidal, Javier Torres, C. Lerma, Júlia G. Borràs, Enrique Gil, Á. Mas","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15295","url":null,"abstract":"The consequences of global warming are becoming increasingly disastrous. Nowadays, our society has the responsibility of reducing the energy consumed in the building sector. In order to reduce this 40% of emissions, applying sustainable development criteria is fundamental throughout the life of materials in construction. More specifically, the use of steel corrugated bars or rods as reinforcement is the most widely used product in concrete reinforcement, and it is therefore important to reduce its climate impact. Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRP) is a promising alternative to replace these steel reinforcements due to its high strength, low weight and high durability capabilities.This work compares different rebars in sustainable terms in an initial phase. Four different materials are studied: steel, stainless steel, glass FRP and basalt FRP. To check and verify the different geometrical and mechanical properties, four rods of each material are tested in the laboratory. Finally, an analysis and comparison of various sustainability aspects is carried out. The aim of this research is to find out which reinforcing bar is the most sustainable and whether the basalt FRP rod is as optimal as it promises to be.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126469659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architecture as a heteronomous discipline. Debate, theories, perspectives","authors":"E. Faroldi, Maria Pilar Vettori","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15481","url":null,"abstract":"The debate surrounding the universal criteria of education is the starting point for an exploration of the specific nature of teaching architectural disciplines, based on a balanced alchemy between scientific, humanistic and technical knowledge, and characterised by an essential experimental approach. In this scenario, are there codified formulae for arriving at a definition of education in architecture that is capable of responding to the needs of a renewed approach to knowledge and the discipline’s evolution? We are living in a historic phase where the dynamics of training are being constantly revised, which should see teachers once again play a central role as the cornerstone of an educational and formative journey, consistent with the current reconfiguration of professions. It is a maieutic method of learning which interprets the conceptual, design-oriented and constructive dimensions as substantial and integrated elements of architectural practice; methods and tools are the means and not the ends of a teaching environment that is open and increasingly connected to each individual student. As an intellectual figure, the architect requires holistic – as well as scientific – training, able to strengthen a cross-cutting search for the foundation of an architect who should have mastered the art of constructing real buildings and living spaces, and have an evident sensitivity towards measurement, space and harmony. Today it is essential to formulate a reflection on the role of the architect, in relation to contemporary urban and social dynamics which place the environment – and its protection – at the centre of the debate. Design is learnt by designing. This means that the transmission of the values of design culture should be understood as critical competence, capable of synthesising cross-cutting contributions and addressing the complex problems of contemporaneity, by means of a conscious creative process. This contribution examines this phenomenon in order to outline methods and tools capable of training architects of the future.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"327 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132406966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"City, unexpressed spaces, sport. Resilience in the design of new public spaces","authors":"M. Cognigni","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15203","url":null,"abstract":"The city evolves and overwrites itself and this overwriting creates an overlap of the various plots that bring out unplanned parts of it. The contemporary city is therefore the result of design and incidental actions that have radically transformed it, leaving around it a “kind of space” of difficult interpretation because of the peculiarity that characterizes them. They are ambiguous, undetermined spaces, often resulting from the informal action of man or the result of stratifications within the urban dimension.  This type of space is called “interstitial” because it is located between things. They can be elements in urban spaces, entire buildings, or only portions within their sphere. The aim of the present text is on the one hand to construct a definition of what an interstitial space is inside the contemporary city. On the other hand, thanks to the help of case studies, we can understand the most suitable functions for the reactivation and enhancement of these areas in the city. The need to reactivate existing city spaces has increased following the climate crisis and pandemic. It’s appropriate to recognize the empty spaces of the city as a “new opportunities” ready to host new functions. Therefore, flexible strategies of action are necessary, which find in the void space of primary importance to realize adaptive devices capable of increasing “urban resilience” and that act as relief valves during extraordinary events. The picture that emerges from studies and research related to the European and Italian panorama of sports infrastructure allows us to identify interesting and innovative trends that show, also in this sector, an increasing attention to issues of urban resilience, architectural and social. Based on this premise, the contribution aims to analyze the recent evolution of public space design modalities in sports practices as a field where resilience policies are applied.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128402355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active aluminum window-frame integrated prototype with a thermoelectric heat recovery system for ventilation and air conditioning","authors":"Pablo Santiago Arias-Salazar, M. Vidaurre-Arbizu, J. A. Sacristán-Fernández, C. Martín-Gómez, José Ramón Couso-San Martín, Jorge Fernández-Heras, A. Zuazua-Ros","doi":"10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15248","url":null,"abstract":"Research interest in the integration of thermoelectric systems in the building envelope have increased during the last years. Studies show that regardless of a low COP compared to vapor compression systems; thermoelectric systems present other remarkable features for heating, cooling and ventilation on buildings. Among those studies, a few prototype experiences incorporate thermoelectric systems on windows.Alternatively, standard air conditioning systems often require additional equipment installed on façade or wall surfaces that compromise the use of space in the case of building refurbishment. Thus, the integration of thermoelectric systems on window framing is presented here as a decentralized alternative for air conditioning support, whose performance aims at balancing out the heat losses in windows. The purpose of this communication is to present the development of an active aluminum window-framing prototype with a thermoelectric heat recovery system for heating and cooling. In a typical single-floor house scenario, the active window-frame works in two different modes: pre heating/cooling mode applying forced convection through a mechanical fan and pre heating/cooling mode with natural convection. The impulsion airflow rate meets ventilation requirements according to Spanish Technical Building Code (CTE) for indoor air quality.","PeriodicalId":310465,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings - 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125882917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}