International Journal of Enteric Pathogens最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Polylactic Acid Film Incorporated With Marjoram and Clove Essential Oils on Microbial and Chemical Properties of Minced Beef During Refrigerated Storage","authors":"R. Partovi, F. Talebi, A. Babaei, A. Sharifzadeh","doi":"10.34172/ijep.2020.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Active packaging is one of the new packaging technologies which causes interaction between packaging material and food with the aim of food shelf life extension while maintaining food safety and quality. Biodegradable films like polylactic acid (PLA) can be good alternatives to non-biodegradable plastics because of environmental pollution and concerns about the limitations of petroleum resources. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of PLA film incorporated with marjoram and clove essential oils (EOs) (0.5 and 1% v/v) in maintaining the microbial and chemical quality of minced beef during refrigerated storage. Materials and Methods: Minced beef was packaged with PLA film incorporated with marjoram and clove EOs (0.5 and 1% v/v) alone and in combination and stored at refrigerator temperature for 10 days. Then, microbiological and chemical analyses were done at 0, 2, 4, 7 and 10 days of examination. Results: A reduction of 1 log CFU/g in total count was observed between groups with simultaneous use of EOs and control group (P<0.05) at day 7; however, there was not any significant difference between the mentioned groups at day 10. Active packaging with marjoram and clove EOs decreased the number of psychrotrophs in comparison to the control group and it was more evident at days 7 and 10. The number of Enterobacteriaceae in control and 1% clove EO/1% marjoram EO groups showed a difference of 3 log units at day 10. TVB-N of 1% clove EO/1% marjoram EO and 0.5% clove EO/1% marjoram EO showed significant differences from control at day 10 (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the current study have shown that the active PLA films can be a promising approach in order to maintain microbial and chemical quality of minced beef at refrigerator temperature for 10 days.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"22 1","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91166159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Fabrication of a Conductometry System for Fast Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Human Urine","authors":"Mehrdad Enami, M. Amin, Pejman Shabani, Mohammad Reza Gashtil","doi":"10.34172/ijep.2020.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Common methods for identifying the infectious bacteria in human urine are mainly time-consuming and costly. Therefore, the most reliable method for detecting the urinary tract infections is the urine culture, which requires at least 48 hours to identify infectious factors. Objectives: It is important to detect the bacteria in urine rapidly, simply, and accurately. Materials and Methods: In this work, the variations in the electrical conductivity and dielectric coefficient of the urine sample due to changes in the concentration of infectious bacteria have been studied. Furthermore, an appropriate measurement system was prepared for impedancemetry and conductometry. Results: We showed that the detection time was reduced to about an hour. Finally, the accuracy of the device for diagnosis and precision of measurement were evaluated and compared by the detection method for bacterial culture. Conclusion: In this work, the detection time was reduced to about 1 hour.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"81 1","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83944683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Distribution of Serine- and Zinc-Type Carbapenemases Among Clinical Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Hospital in Benin, Nigeria","authors":"Ephraim Ehidiamen Ibadin, Angela Eghiomon, N. Idemudia, N. A. Anogie, Richard E. Eriamiatoe, Eghonghon I. Dedekumah, Obiorah D. Aguh, I. Igbarumah, R. Omoregie","doi":"10.34172/ijep.2020.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Serine and zinc type carbapenemases are distributed in many genera of bacteria and are typically associated with specific regions or countries. Objectives: This study phenotypically determined the prevalence of serine and zinc-type carbapenemases among Gram-negative bacilli recovered from clinical specimens in Benin, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Totally, 158 consecutive non-duplicate bacterial isolates (gram-negative bacilli) recovered from clinical samples were screened for serine and zinc-type carbapenemases using the simplified carbapenemase inactivation (sCIM) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid -double-disc synergy test methods. Results: The isolates recovered from clinical specimens included 126 Enterobacteriaceae (79.7%), 7 Acinetobacter spp (3.7%), and 28oxidase positive gram negative bacilli (17.7%). Twenty-eight isolates (17.7%) out of the 158 tested samples were carbapenemase positive. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of serine- and zinc-type carbapenemases (P=0.0748). However, the prevalence of zinc-type carbapenemase was significantly higher in Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared with other isolates (P=0.0028) while that of serinetype carbapenemase was not affected by the type of clinical isolates (P=0.7216). Finally, the prevalence of both serine- and zinc-type carbapenemases were not affected (P>0.05) by clinical specimens and the source of isolates (in-patient vs. out-patient) respectively. Conclusion: In general, the prevalence of zinc-type (12%) carbapenemases was insignificantly higher than that of serine-type (5.7%) carbapenemases. The measures to reduce infections caused by carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPOs) are advocated accordingly.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"1 1","pages":"3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74033888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Enterotoxin-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Samosa and Falafel in Iran","authors":"Saeed Kahledian, M. Pajohi‐Alamoti, P. Mahmoodi","doi":"10.34172/ijep.2020.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.05","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to determine the contamination rate of Staphylococcus aureus in Samosa and falafel as most popular snacks, detect the classic enterotoxins, mecA, and tst genes and investigate antimicrobial resistance in the isolates. Materials and Methods: The samples were examined using bacterial culture and the suspected isolates were characterized by biochemical tests. The identity of S. aureus isolates and the presence of enterotoxin-encoding genes were assessed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and antibiotic resistance of the isolates was determined. Results: The results revealed that 56 (46.67%) samples were contaminated with S. aureus, among which 45 isolates (80.35%) were characterized as enterotoxigenic S. aureus. The highest prevalence rate belonged to sea encoding gene as 20 isolates (35.71%) were positive for this gene followed by sed gene which was detected in 14 S. aureus isolates (25%). Most isolates (75%) were resistant to cefoxitin. Moreover, the results of PCR assays indicated that 10 (17.58%) and 7 (12.5%) isolates were positive for mecA and tst genes, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that staphylococcal contamination of Samosa and falafel should be considered as a potential health risk for consumers.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"84 1","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77086690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug-Resistance Among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains","authors":"R. Tajbakhsh, F. Firoozeh","doi":"10.34172/ijep.2020.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.01","url":null,"abstract":"© 2020 The Author(s); Published by Alborz University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dear Editor, One of the most common bacterial infections in the world is urinary tract infection (UTI) and about 150 million cases of UTI are reported annually. It has been reported that 40% of women and 12% of men experience UTI infection at least once in their lifetime.1 Both genders are affected by UTIs, but the infections are much more common in women aged 15-44 years.2 This kind of infection is responsible for 40% of nosocomial infections and 50% of bacterial infections which prolongs hospitalization and increases mortality.3 In addition, healthcare-associated UTI, as one of the most common infections that occur in healthcare centers, is considered a significant threat to patients due to increased mortality.1 Community-acquired UTI is also one of the most prevalent community infections. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the primary cause of UTIs in both healthcare centers and community.4 In the clinical classification, community and healthcare-associated UTIs include complicated and uncomplicated infections which determine the type of antibiotic treatment.1 Further, the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) during the course of UTIs is mainly related to insufficient and empirical antibiotic therapies. The association between the increased uses of extended-spectrum antibiotics and increased multi-antibiotic resistance has been documented as well.1 Increasing antimicrobial resistance among UPEC strains has made the treatment of infections caused by these bacteria very problematic.4 It has been reported that increasing the prevalence of MDR UPEC strains, mainly in developing countries, leads to the redundant prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics including extended-spectrum cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, which enhances the cost of treatment, the length of hospitalization, and antibiotic resistance spread.1 Various mechanisms have been implicated in the establishment of resistance in UPEC strains. The most important mechanism for the generation and expansion of antibiotic-resistant UPEC is the acquisition of resistance genes through mobile genetic elements including plasmid, transposons, integrons, and other elements.3 Among the most important resistant strains, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase-producing UPEC isolates are very challenging. ESBL-producing UPEC isolates not only are resistant to third and fourth generation cephalosporins but also other antibiotics such as tetracyclines, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and aminoglycosides. Carbapenems are the antibiotics of choice for the treatment of UTIs caused by ESBLproducing strains.4 However, carbapenem-resist","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73535330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Citrus sinensis Essential Oil and Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on the Growth and ToxinProducing Ability of Clostridium botulinum Type A","authors":"Adel Rezayi, V. Razavilar, Z. Mashak, A. Anvar","doi":"10.34172/ijep.2020.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Considering the high fatality of botulism, the control of Clostridium botulinum and its neurotoxins has clinical importance. In this regard, using chemical preservatives, natural essential oils (Eos), and changes in the growth predisposing factors of bacteria are suitable methods to control the growth and toxin producing of C. botulinum in foods. Objective: The current survey was done to assess the effects of Citrus sinensis EO and intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the growth and toxin producing of C. botulinum type A. Materials and Methods: In this experiment with a factorial design, C. sinensis EO (0.0%, 0.015%, 0.03%, and 0.045%), nisin (0, 500, and 1500 IU/mL), nitrite (0, 20, and 60 ppm), pH (5.5 and 6.5), storage temperature (25 and 35° C), and sodium chloride (NaCl, 0.5% and 3%) were used to assess bacterial growth in the brain heart infusion medium. Finally, the mouse bioassay method was also used to assess toxicity. Results: Clostridium sinensis EO with a concentration of 0.045%, as well as the reduction of pH and temperature could significantly delay the growth of bacteria (P≤0.05) in contrast to the use of NaCl and nisin alone. However, all concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl), nisin, and C. sinensis EO (< 0.045%) in interaction with each other, especially in combination with nitrite, showed good synergistic effects. Conclusion: These results suggested that using certain concentrations of C. sinensis EO and nisin, along with other suboptimal factors caused a significant decrease in the nitrite contents of foods with a significant reduction in the growth and toxin-producing ability of C. botulinum.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"22 1","pages":"8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81395088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii Infections in Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit of Imam Ali Hospital, Karaj, Iran During 2017- 2018","authors":"R. Arjmand, Kumars Porrostami, Seyedeh Sana Esteghamat, Pouria Chaghamirzayi, Parastoo Sharifian, Ehsan Zahmatkesh, Saeed Nikkhah, M. Qorbani, O. Safari","doi":"10.34172/ijep.2020.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are widely ubiquitous in nature. In addition, they are opportunistic pathogens for humans and the common cause of nosocomial infections. Objective: Due to the increased antibiotic resistance in the treatment of nosocomial infections, this study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii in the pediatrics intensive care unit (PICU). Materials and Methods: Totally, 280 clinical samples from PICU patients were evaluated in this study. The samples were examined for P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii using standard microbiological methods. Finally, the Epsilometer test method was performed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these bacteria. Results: The results revealed a total of 21 isolates (7.5%) of P. aeruginosa and 11 isolates (3.9%) of A. baumannii. P. aeruginosa isolates showed the highest susceptibility to colistin (85.7%) and gentamicin (66.7%) while A. baumannii isolates were more susceptible to colistin (100%), ceftazidime (54.5%), and amikacin (45.5%), respectively. Conclusion: Due to the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates in the recent study, colistin and gentamicin are recommended for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections and colistin, ceftazidime, and amikacin are suggested for A. baumannii infections.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"250 1","pages":"15-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86707177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"M. Dadashi, S. Tavakolian, E. Faghihloo","doi":"10.15171/ijep.2019.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15171/ijep.2019.23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered as one of the most common carcinogenic viruses in humans throughout the world and is mostly associated with gynecologic malignancies. However, it is also one of the environmental factors that is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC). Objective: A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in patients suffering from the CRC. Methods: The frequency of the HPV in patients with CRC was studied from 2001 to 2016. To this end, several databases were reviewed, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Iranmedex, and the Scientific Information Database. Then, the analysis was done by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (V2.0, Biostat) software. Considering heterogeneity between different studies, the random effect model was used and then the results were checked with Cochran’s Q-statistic. Results: The meta-analysis revealed that the frequency of HPV infection in patients with CRC was 33.7% (a 95% CI of 28.4-39.5). The additional stratified analysis also showed that HPV infection in CRC patients was more widespread in European countries compared to Asian and American countries. Conclusion: The high rate of HPV infection is a major concern in sexually transmitted diseases around the world, therefore, controlling high-risk behaviors, vaccination, screening, and HPV subtyping can be useful in managing HPV infections.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"37 1","pages":"106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77634356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Newborn Infant With Poor Feeding: Non-ketotic Hyperglycinemia","authors":"M. Ghesmati, Alireza Jashni Motlagh","doi":"10.15171/ijep.2019.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15171/ijep.2019.28","url":null,"abstract":"Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder affecting glycine metabolism that is a rare metabolic disorder in infants. The clinical manifestations of poor sucking, hypotonicity, lethargy, hiccups, and seizures develop within six hours to eight days of the birth of an otherwise healthy newborn. The present study introduced a newborn girl with poor feeding and hypotonia in the first day after birth with NKH. In addition, the patient was evaluated regarding hypotonia and poor feeding. The neonatal-onset NKH was diagnosed based on a markedly elevated cerebrospinal fluid/plasma glycine ratio of 0.32 and confirmed by the genetic test. It is extremely rare that NKH is manifested with poor feeding and hypotonia thus considering this diagnosis in infants with poor feeding and hypotonia is highly important.","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"1 1","pages":"134-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87949885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2019 Eleventh National and the Fourth International Congress on Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases (NICOPA)","authors":"M. Zibaei","doi":"10.15171/ijep.2019.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15171/ijep.2019.22","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":31016,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Enteric Pathogens","volume":"45 1","pages":"104-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86155731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}