{"title":"Diagnostic monitoring of internal combustion engines by use of independent component analysis and neural networks","authors":"J. P. Barnard, C. Aldrich","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223804","url":null,"abstract":"An on-line diagnostic system to detect the deterioration in a critical state of an internal combustion engine has been developed by means of a multiplayer perceptron neural network and independent component analysis. The approach requires minimal operator input with regard to the acquisition of stationary data, selection of variables, model validation and the statistical interpretation of multivariate observations. The diagnostic method is demonstrated on a compression ignition engine under test conditions.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132449535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human head detection using multi-modal object features","authors":"Yun Luo, Y. Murphey, F. Khairallah","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223738","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a neural network system that automatically detects whether a human head exists in a given image. We focus our research in the first two levels of head detections. At the first level, it extracts candidates of a head using range information, motion clue and 3D spherical shape. At the second level, the system uses multiple visual modalities including gray scale value distribution, shape, motion and range information obtained using a stereo vision system to represent head features. A neural network classifier is used to evaluate the effectiveness of various object features for generating and representing human head. The system is validated on a large collection of images taken from a stereo camera system mounted inside a vehicle. Our experiments show the presented system has an accurate rate over 96%.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133011803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of L1 and L2 support vector machines","authors":"Y. Koshiba, S. Abe","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223724","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we compare L1 and L2 support vector machines from the standpoint of training time and the generalization ability. The generalization ability for seven benchmark data sets are almost the same but training time of L1-SVMs is usually shorter than that of L2-SVMs. We also compare the effect of the approximate KKT (Karush-Kuhn-Tucker) conditions using the bias term and the exact KKT conditions. According to the computer experiments, since the approximate KKT conditions give a conservative estimate of violating variables, training time using the approximate KKT conditions is usually shorter.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132028519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A hybrid dynamical system as an automaton on the fractal set","authors":"J. Nishikawa, K. Gohara","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223796","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that a brain consists of many sub-modules, each of which performs a specific role. The experimental results many studies have indicated that prefrontal cortex appropriately switches each module. In this paper, we consider the brain as a hybrid dynamical system, which is composed of a higher module having discrete dynamics and a lower module having continuous dynamics. Two typical systems are investigated from the viewpoint of dynamical systems. When the higher module stochastically switches inputs to the lower module, i.e., a non-feedback system, the dynamics is characterizes by an attractive and invariant fractal set having hierarchical clusters addressed by input sequences. When the higher module switches according to the state of the lower module, i.e., a feedback system, various switching attractors correspond to infinite switching manifolds, which define each feedback control rule at the switching point. The switching attractors in the feedback system are the subsets of the fractal set in the non-feedback system. The system can be considered an automaton, which generated various sequences from the fractal, set by choosing the typical switching manifold.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130863004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Explaining how a multi-layer perceptron predicts helicopter airframe load spectra from continuously valued flight parameter data","authors":"M. Vaughn, J.G. Franks","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223837","url":null,"abstract":"This study explains how a multi-layer perceptron predicts helicopter airframe load spectra from continuously valued flight parameter data for 2 example regression outputs - a high strain case and a low strain case. In each case, the input channels are discovered that determine the output activation values. The underlying mechanism that drives the MLP regression output for the two cases is determined.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130897877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incorporating invariants in Mahalanobis distance based classifiers: application to face recognition","authors":"A. Fraser, N. Hengartner, K. Vixie, B. Wohlberg","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1224070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1224070","url":null,"abstract":"We present a technique for combining prior knowledge about transformations that should be ignored with a covariance matrix estimated from training data to make an improved Mahalanobis distance classifier. Modern classification problems often involve objects represented by high-dimensional vectors or images (for example, sampled speech or human faces). The complex statistical structure of these representations is often difficult to infer from the relatively limited training data sets that are available in practice. Thus, we wish to efficiently utilize any available a priori information, such as transformations or the representations with respect to which the associated objects are known to retain the same classification (for example, spatial shifts of an image of a handwritten digit do not alter the identity of the digit). These transformations, which are often relatively simple in the space of the underlying objects, are usually nonlinear in the space of the object representation, making their inclusion within the framework of a standard statistical classifier difficult. Motivated by prior work of Simard et al. (1998; 2000), we have constructed a new classifier which combines statistical information from training data and linear approximations to known invariance transformations. When tested on a face recognition task, performance was found to exceed by a significant margin that of the best algorithm in a reference software distribution.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130942950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchical and dynamic SOM applied to image compression","authors":"J.M. Barbalho, J.A.F. Costa, A. Neto, M. Netto","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223472","url":null,"abstract":"A new hierarchal structure of the self-organizing map (SOM) with dynamic growth is presented and applied to codebook design in vector quantization (VQ) and image compression. The tree-structured approach for codebook design is motivated for reducing the high computational efforts in the training and image coding phases in traditional VQ algorithms. The DHSOM has the ability to self determine the structure of the network through heuristically rules, and its final structure reflects the variability of the data (image blocks). It is shown that training that training and coding times obtained with DHSOM algorithm are faster than conventional SOM and LBG algorithms, while the qualitative results are given.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"46 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130970213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu Jian, Weijun Li, Qu Yanfeng, Qin Hong, Wang Shoujue
{"title":"Architecture research and hardware implementation on simplified neural computing system for face identification","authors":"Xu Jian, Weijun Li, Qu Yanfeng, Qin Hong, Wang Shoujue","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223818","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a special-purpose neural computing system for face identification. The system architecture and hardware implementation are introduced in detail. An algorithm based on biomimetic pattern recognition has been embedded. For the total 1200 tests for face identification, the false rejection rate is 3.7% and the false acceptance rate is 0.7%.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128761931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three improved fuzzy lattice neurocomputing (FLN) classifiers","authors":"A. Cripps, N. Nguyen, V. Kaburlasos","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223707","url":null,"abstract":"Three novel fuzzy lattice neurocomputing (FLN) classifiers, namely FLN first fit (FLNff), FLN ordered tightest fit (FLNotf), and FLN selective fit (FLNsf), are introduced in this work. Learning is incremental, memory-based, data order dependent, and polynomial O(n/sup 3/) where n is the number of the training data. Convenient geometric interpretations on the plane illustrate the mechanics of the aforementioned FLN classifiers whose capacity is demonstrated in three benchmark classification problems. The classification results compare favorably with the results by alternative classification methods from the literature. In addition, an FLN classifier can both induce rules from the data and it can deal with numeric and/or nominal data including missing attribute values. An important experimental outcome of this work is that the computation of \"smaller than maximal\" lattice intervals can increase considerably the capacity for generalization.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125539650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An analog neural oscillator circuit for locomotion controller in quadruped walking robot","authors":"K. Nakada, T. Asai, Y. Amemiya","doi":"10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2003.1223824","url":null,"abstract":"In this report, we propose an analog neural oscillator circuit for a locomotion controller in a quadruped walking robot. Animal locomotion, such as walking, running, swimming and flying, is based on periodic rhythmic movements. These rhythmic movements are driven by the biological neural network, called the central pattern generator (CPG). In recent years, many researchers have applied CPG to the locomotion controller for walking robots. However, most of the CPG controllers have been developed with digital processors, and thus have several problems, such as higher power consumption. Hence, we designed an analog circuit as a neural oscillator underlying a CPG controller. The proposed circuit is based on the Amari-Hopfield model, which is suitable for analog circuit implementation because of its simple transfer function. Furthermore, the proposed circuit operates in the subthreshold region. As a result, it can reduce power consumption. By numerical analysis, simulations and experiments, the proposed circuit is shown to have the capability to generate stable rhythmic patterns in noisy environments.","PeriodicalId":310128,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003.","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126756659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}