Sports medicine: research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Clinical researches of a specialized sports nutrition product “Hemosport” for the regulation of hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls who are professionally involved in sports","authors":"E. S. Tokaev, E. A. Nekrasov, I. Krasnova, A. A. Khasanov","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was a clinical assessment of the effectiveness of the developed specialized sports nutrition product for regulating the level of hemoglobin in adolescent girls professionally involved in sports.Materials and methods: 23 girls — athletes of various sports specialization were researched during a training camp. The athletes were determined by the clinical parameters of blood, its general analysis and biochemical parameters, then the physical endurance and performance were assessed.Results: the developed product “Hemosport” demonstrated efficiency in most of the researched parameters in the main group compared with the control. The positive dynamics of most of the researched indicators revealed a general tendency to improve the state of vital organs and systems of the body of athletes of the main group, to increase their adaptive capabilities and vegetative balance.Conclusions: clinical studies of the specialized product “Hemosport” allow it to be recommended in the practice of sports nutrition for adolescent girls of 12–17 years old who are professionally involved in sports to compensate for iron deficiency nutritional deficiencies specific for this group of athletes, as well as to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their training.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122598244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of isotonic drinks for rehydration of athletes of children and youth age","authors":"R. Khanferyan, I. Radysh, V. N. Vybornov, Z. G. Ordzhonikidze, V. I. Pavlov, M. Korosteleva, A. A. Antonov","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"TThe most important factor limiting sports performance is insufficient fluid intake by athletes and dehydration of the body, while a significant decrease in performance and sports endurance begins with a dehydration level of 2 % and above.Objective: to study the effectiveness and safety of rehydration of the body of athletes­skiers of children and youth using isotonic drinks «Izonok» and «Izonok+».Materials and methods: the main group (n = 12, 16.2 ± 1.4 years) took isotonic drinks for 30 days to compensate for fluid losses, the comparison group (n = 8, 15.7 ± 1.1 years) — drinking water. Bioimpedance body composition analysis was carried out on a KM-AR-01-”Diamant” device (RF, St.Petersburg), and central hemodynamic analysis was carried out on a «SIMONA 111» (LLC “Okulyus 2000”, RF). The content of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and lysozyme in saliva samples of athletes was carried out by the enzyme immunoassay on an ANTHOS 2010 analyzer (Austria). Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica 6.0 software package from Stat Soft @ Ink USA.Results: The intake of an isotonic drink is accompanied by the stimulation of the production of secretory immunoglobulin (sIgA) and lysozyme compared to the consumption of drinking water. The total volume of fluid and the volume of extracellular fluid tended to increase; the volume of intracellular fluid remained practically unchanged; the amount of total water when taking isotonic increased.Conclusion: The investigated isotonic drinks “Izonok” and “Izonok+” are effective sports drinks for maintaining optimal water-salt balance and local immunity","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122005417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of physical activity in cardiorehabilitation","authors":"M. Yakovlev, O. D. Lebedeva, V. Vladimirsky, E. V. Vladimirsky, A. N. Lunina","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The review shows that the molecular mechanisms initiated by physical exertion underlie the multifactorial influence of the latter on the function of the cardiovascular system and the course of cardiac diseases. Exercise is an important component of the therapeutic treatment in patients with cardiovascular diseases, which is confirmed by the results of a meta­analysis that included 63 studies that were associated with various forms of aerobic exercise of different intensity (from 50 to 95 % VO2) for 1 to 47 months, which showed that exercise-based CR improves cardiovascular function. Knowledge of the molecular basis of the impact of physical activity makes it possible to use biochemical markers to assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121086229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autonomous balance is a factor of changes in the components of the body composition of football players","authors":"D. Golubev","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the nature of the relationship between the indicators of heart rate variability (HRV), reflecting the state of autonomous balance and the parameters of the component composition of the body of football players.Materials and methods: We studied n = 80 football players living in the north­western region of the Russian Federation. Group data: 16.9 ± 0.8 years; weight 73.1 ± 4.7 kg; height 181.1 ± 4.9 cm. Monitoring of heart rate variability was carried out by the hardware and software complex “Omega-Sport, St.Petersburg”. The bioelectric activity of the heart was recorded in the II standard lead from the sitting position in the morning (9:00–10:00). The assessment of the body composition of football players was carried out four times (January, April, August, November) using the Inbody 770 analyzer, Japan.Results: SI has a strong direct correlation with the indicators: “total fat content” (r = 0.994, P = 0.011); “total water content” (r = 0.811, P = 0.013). A direct strong correlation was established between SDNN and “total fat content” (r = 0.933, P = 0.009) and an inverse strong correlation with “total muscle mass” (r = -0.877, P = 0.006). pNN50 has a strong direct correlation with “total fat content” (r = 0.889, P = 0.011), in addition, there is a strong inverse correlation with “total muscle mass” (r = ­0.767, P = 0.012). HF and “total fat content” (r = 0.733, P = 0.008) have a strong direct correlation; and with the indicator “total water content” of skeletal muscle mass (r = -0.874, P = 0.011) a strong inverse. A strong inverse relationship is shown between LF and “total fat content” (r = –0.766, P = 0.011), as well as a strong direct correlation with “total muscle mass” (r = 0.951, P = 0.013), “total water content” (r = 0.917, P = 0.008).Conclusions: There is a close correlation of the indicators “total muscle mass”, “total fat content”, “total water content” with a limited number of HRV parameters: SI, SDNN, pNN50, HF, LF. The study showed a significant (p < 0.05) predominance of: the activity of the parasympathetic ANS department — the competitive period, in which there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in “total muscle mass”, a decrease in “total fat content” in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd diagnostics; the activity of the sympathetic ANS department — the recovery period, which significantly (p < 0.05) affected: a decrease in “total muscle mass”, “total water content”; an increase in “total fat content” in the 4th diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126139050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some aspects of the influence of extreme climatic factors on the physical performance of athletes","authors":"I. Kobelkova, M. Korosteleva, D. Nikityuk","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Professional athletes often have to participate in competitions in climatic conditions that differ from the optimal or habitual ones for their place of residence. In this regard, it seems relevant to the question of how borderline and extreme external conditions (low and high ambient temperatures, changes in atmospheric pressure, altitude) affect sports performance and endurance. The review presents the biochemical mechanisms underlying the adaptation of athletes to environmental conditions. The human body maintains a fairly constant internal temperature (in some articles — the core) of the body at a level of 37 ± 10C throughout its life, despite a wide range of environmental parameters. The intensity of the processes providing for the release of heat is reflexively regulated. The neurons responsible for heat exchange are located in the center of thermoregulation of the hypothalamus. In the course of evolution, mammals have developed a variety of mechanisms for regulating body temperature, including nervous and humoral, that affect energy metabolism and behavioral responses. There are two ways of heat generation: contractile thermogenesis, due to contractions of skeletal muscles (a special case — cold muscle tremors), and non-contractile — when the processes of cellular metabolism are activated: lipolysis (in particular, brown adipose tissue) and glycolysis. When exposed to extreme ambient temperatures, the thermoregulatory system adjusts to maintain a stable core body temperature by preventing heat loss and increasing heat production in cold conditions, or increasing heat dissipation if the ambient temperature rises. The ambient temperature corresponding to 20–25 ºС on land and 30–35 ºС in water is considered thermoneutral for humans in a state of relative rest. However, any deviations from these conditions, especially against the background of intense physical exercise, can lead to functional overstrain, decreased endurance and sports performance.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114579980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute mitral chodae rupture in the early postcovid in heavy physical active men. Case series","authors":"Z. Sukmarova, Y. Ovchinnikov, O. Larina, S. O. Lependin, O. V. Afonina, A. Gromov","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The opinion that COVID-19 is a greater threat only to the elderly people has changed over the past year. Experience has been accumulated in the development of complications of varying severity in young patients who had optimal health indicators before infection. The consequences of myocarditis are most dangerous, especially in athletes and military personnel. We present a series of clinical cases of spontaneous mitral valve chordae rupture in highly trained middle-aged men in the early post-COVID period. In all cases, the infection proceeded subclinically; SARS-CoV-2 was verified only by analysis for IgM. 1–2 weeks after infection, against the background of a routine training process, patients felt pain in the heart area, which was underestimated. Patients presented for help at 2 and 10 weeks with complaints of reduced endurance and shortness of breath. Echocardiography revealed rupture of one of the chords of the anterior part of the mitral valve against the background of signs of myocarditis with the development of valvular insufficiency of the 1st degree. By the time of treatment, the pathology of other laboratory data and ECG was not observed. The control after 6 months showed in 1 patient a focus of myocardial fibrosis according to MRI, a minimal increase in NT-proBNP, a decrease in exercise tolerance, in 2 patients there was no visible fibrosis, normal NT-proBNP and complete restoration of exercise tolerance, but a decrease in local myocardial deformation according to echocardiography.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123676994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameters of blood pressure during stress test in young elite athletes","authors":"V. Komoliatova, D. Besportochnii, L. Makarov, I. Kiseleva, N. Aksenova","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2022.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that in children at rest, BP values depend on height, but this aspect is not taken into account when analyzing the maximum BP during exercise.Objective: to determine the maximum value of BP in young elite athletes, depending on height and gender.Materials and methods: 2313 (age 15.5 ± 1.4 years, 45% of young men) young elite athletes, members of national teams of the Russian Federation in 40 sports, were examined. All subjects underwent bicycle ergometry according to the PWC170 protocol, blood pressure was measured manually at each stage of the load, and its maximum values were determined during the entire test.Results: The maximum BP values in boys were higher than in girls: systolic blood pressure (SBP) 195 ± 25 vs 175 ± 20 mmHg, p < 0.001, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 80 ± 11 vs 80 ± 10 mm Hg, p < 0.05. A relationship was found between the maximum value of blood pressure on load and growth (r = 0.55; p < 0.001). Normative tables are proposed for assessing the maximum values of SBP and load, depending on growth.Conclusion: In young elite athletes, the maximum BP value during VEM according to the PWC170 protocol depends not only on gender, but also on height. The maximum values of SBP during exercise in tall young elite athletes can reach 250 mm Hg in boys and 210 mm Hg in girls.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125301652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of effectiveness of new product of specialized sports nutrition for correction of psychophysiological state and neuromuscular transmission in highly qualified athletes","authors":"E. S. Tokaev, T. Pushkina, E. A. Nekrasov, I. Krasnova, A. A. Khasanov","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the specialized product Fit Tonus for correcting the psychophysiological state and neuromuscular transmission in highly qualified athletes.Materials and methods: the objects of research were: specialized product of sports nutrition for correcting the psychophysiological state and neuromuscular transmission Fit Tonus; 21 male martial arts athletes aged 14 to 25 years. The researches were carried out in accordance with official and conventional techniques. Body temperature, breathing rate, blood pressure level, heart rate was determined, heart rate variability, ECG, external breathing, O2 intake, total urine test, clinical blood test, biochemical blood indices were evaluated, water sectors of the body, body skinny weight, body fat weight were determined. Full-function cardiopulmonary analysis was performed using the Meta Lyzer 3B inpatient cardio-respiratory loading diagnostic system (Cortex Medical, Germany). Maximum oxygen consumption was determined by a Cosomed metabolograph (Italy). Biochemical parameters (bilirubin, ACT, ALT, urea, uric acid, glucose, cholesterol, HGT, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine) were examined on a Humalyzer biochemical analyzer. Water sectors of the body, the value of skinny body weight and fat body weight were determined on an analyzer for assessing the balance of water sectors of the body (Medass, Russia).Results: in the analysis of biochemical blood values, the blood levels of indicator enzymes and their isoforms were normalized in a short time, despite high training loads. This fact reflects the adaptation of the athlete’s body to high-intensity physical activity when taking the Fit Tone product. The obtained results of the increase in GUS, FFV and Tiffno test indicate an increase in both functional capabilities and functional abilities of the external breathing system, as well as an increase in the efficiency of the respiratory center in athletes who received the tested product. The effectiveness of the test product is confirmed by the results of dynamic and stress samples in a stabilometric study. Results of examination of psychophysical status of single wrestlers showed that during usage of developed product such indicators as performance, vegetative coefficient, dynamism, speed of movement, accuracy of actions, stability of actions are significantly increased. At the same time, the level of fatigue and anxiety is reliably reduced.Conclusions: the results of the researches performed showed that the product developed demonstrated efficacy for most of the parameters under research in the main group compared to the control (placebo).","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123683809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preanalytical features of the determination of circulating microRNAs as new specific biomarkers of the body’s response to physical activity","authors":"P. Postnikov, I. Pronina","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"MicroRNAs are small non-coding single-stranded RNAs, 18 to 25 nucleotides long, they regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level through specific binding to the target mRNA, leading to its degradation. In recent decades, the development of technologies for determining the expression profiles of miRNAs has become an important part of research projects, and the role of miRNAs as potential highly informative molecular biomarkers of various physiological and pathological processes in the body is actively explored by the scientific community. In particular, physical activity is an important modifying factor for circulating miRNAs. Unlike classical blood biochemical parameters, which can change over time depending on the temperature and storage conditions of the sample, microRNAs remain stable during storage and even after multiple freeze-thaw cycles, which makes them an attractive and easily accessible target for detection. However, the determination of the microRNA expression profile in clinical practice is still difficult due to the high heterogeneity of analytical procedures used for testing. In sports medicine, the preanalytical stage is especially important, since often the conditions for sampling are not standardized and can affect the analysis result. This review shows the role of miRNAs as new sensitive biomarkers of the effectiveness of the training process and regulators of the body’s response to physical activity, and also discusses some preanalytical aspects of the analysis of miRNA expression profiles.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131663954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern (rational) methods for detecting genetic features of athletes","authors":"A. Zholinsky, A. I. Kadykova, V. Feshchenko, M. Hovhannisyan, A. V. Zorenko, R. Deev","doi":"10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47529/2223-2524.2021.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular genetic methods are an integral part of recent medicine. Polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing are widely used in many areas: diagnostics of infectious, inherited, oncological diseases, prenatal screening, study of polymorphisms that increase the risk of developing multifactorial diseases or promoting development physical qualities necessary to achieve success in sports and competitive activity. The growing demand for genotyping raises a number of ethical and social issues affecting the degree of usefulness of genotyping a healthy person and the scientific reliability of the data obtained using direct-to-consumer genetic testing.The review presents and systematizes the laboratory diagnostic methods used today to study nucleic acids that carry important information about human health and physical qualities.","PeriodicalId":309619,"journal":{"name":"Sports medicine: research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125478094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}