Perspectives on Federalism最新文献

{"title":"The Southern Vector in the Spatial Development of Post-Soviet Russia: the Main Factors and Manifestations","authors":"A. Druzhinin, O. Kuznetsova","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-5-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-5-26","url":null,"abstract":"Modern geopolitical and geo-economic processes are accompanied by a radical transformation of the determinants and trends of the spatial organization of Russian society, initiating a revision of the previously established system of regional balances and priorities, sometimes interpreted and discussed as geographically oriented (in the logic of the rhumb approach) vectors of the country’s development. The article is devoted to the southern vector, its dynamics, as well as multidimensional factors and manifestation characteristic of the post-Soviet period. The geopolitical (including ethnopolitical) and foreign economic (transport, logistics and agro-industrial) prerequisites for the growing importance of the territories of its south (South of Russia) for the Russian Federation are identified. The scale is revealed and the specific territorial effects (and problems) of the trend shift of demographic and partly economic potential in favor of the southern regions of the country (in fact, three dozen of the largest southern Russian cities and agglomerations formed on their basis) are evaluated. The steadily continuing importance of the southern vector in the system of federal regulation is emphasized (with a relay race of focused priorities: the Chechen Republic – Krasnodar Krai – the subjects of the Crimea – the new regions of the Russian Federation).","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81761776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Social Programs in Conditions of Increasing Labor Precarization: Regional Aspects on the Example of the USA","authors":"V. Minat","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-139-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-139-160","url":null,"abstract":"The current complex phenomenon of labor precarization has been extremely actively developed in the United States of America, especially over the past two decades. Undoubtedly, the main reason for the increase in the share of the precariat in the labor market is economic development based on a change in technological patterns, which is characterized in the capitalist economy, on the one hand, by an increase in the role of human capital, and on the other hand, by its overconcentration, including at the intra-country regional level. The emergence and development of a new form of labor relations invariably leads to the need to revise social policy. The regional aspects of the implementation of social programs considered in this paper, which are to some extent capable of mitigating the consequences of the instability of employment and the insecurity of labor relations in the United States for the period 2007–2020, serve as one of the explanations for the intensifying processes of regionalization observed in the country. The result of the study was the identification of two main aspects of the implementation of social programs at the level of subregions and individual states of the country. The first reflects the further regionalization of federal relations in terms of social support for the population, carried out without taking into account the growing precarization of labor in regions with the largest share of the precariat among the employed. The second aspect, which takes into account the structural features of the distribution of funding in the areas of education, health care and social protection of the population, reveals the authorities’ attempt to carry out balanced social programming in the subregions that are potential centers of the “new industrialization” of the American economy. This approach is aimed at preserving and qualitatively developing the human capital of the region by smoothing out the negative consequences of labor precarization.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78542954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferential Territories in the Spatial Development of the Russian Federation","authors":"A. Odintsova","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-27-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-27-46","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial development strategy includes many components aimed, on the one hand, at ensuring the balanced development of the regions of the Russian Federation. On the other hand, it is aimed at the formation of preferential mechanisms for territories that particularly require investment and are characterized by negative development trends. The world has accumulated a lot of experience in the functioning of such mechanisms, which allows us to formulate their basic principles and orientation within the framework of the spatial development of a modern state. The article analyzes the main objectives of creating territories with special economic regimes, as well as problems that require attention when coordinating the policy of development of preferential zones, on the one hand, and spatial development in general, on the other. Examples of creation and functioning of preferential territories in different countries of the world are considered. The main stages in the regulation of such territories in Russia are highlighted, as well as the problems that exist on the way of their institutionalization.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79258827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Quarter of 2023 for the Consolidated Budgetsof the Subjects of the Russian Federation: Emerging Trends and New Conditions","authors":"L. Lykova","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-103-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-103-120","url":null,"abstract":"At the beginning of the year, the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation were executed in conditions of continued sanctions pressure on the regional economy. Organizational and administrative innovations had a significant impact on the process of budget revenue formation (enactment of payment of taxes using a single tax account, cancellation of income tax payment within consolidated groups of taxpayers, introduction of an accelerated procedure for reimbursement of personal income tax). The growth of regional budget revenues in real terms was provided by federal transfers. Tax revenues grew only nominally. The increase in corporate income tax receipts did not compensate for the reduction in personal income tax receipts. Expenditures of regional budgets grew at a higher rate than revenues, which led to a reduction in the total amount of the positive balance of the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation in most regions. The trend towards an increase in the volume of state and municipal debt has continued with an outstripping growth in the volume of budget loans. There is a substitution of market forms of borrowing for budgetary ones as compensation for the existing inefficient model of distribution of tax powers.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80769208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Performance Indicators for the Implementation of Strategic Plans","authors":"L. Tchaikovsky","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-92-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-92-102","url":null,"abstract":"The effective functioning of organizations is directly related to the strategic changes that are carried out using the strategic planning system. The importance of strategic planning today is due, first of all, to a dynamic external environment, a high level of competition, and the need to have a strategic plan to achieve ultimate goals. Strategic planning is especially important in large organizations, as it determines the direction of their development and identifies activities that contribute to the achievement of the organization’s goals. At the same time, the following should be singled out as the most important tasks in choosing the direction of effective development of the organization: the development of a strategic vision and mission of the organization, setting goals and choosing the strategy itself. However, strategic planning should not be confused with planning, as strategic planning is the work on a coherent set of decisions that determine the place of an organization in its industry in order to create competitive advantage and sustainable profits. In turn, the correct alignment of the strategy of organizations will have a positive impact on regional incomes and, as a result, on filling the budget of the region and ensuring employment at its level. In general, strategic planning is high on the priority list of organizations that have faced strong pressure to adapt to the ever-changing environment around them, including factors such as new generations of technology, changing rules, market fluctuations and more agile competitors. As a result, one can imagine such a system of strategic planning in an organization that contributes to the achievement of its goals and provides competitive advantages. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of strategic planning and its role in the effective functioning of the organization. The article also discusses the reasons for the increased attention to the practice of strategic planning only from federal, but also from regional authorities. In addition, the article discusses performance indicators as a convenient tool for assessing and planning the organization’s activities, which form the basis of the strategic planning system.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80864450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Areas of Assessment and Regional Differences in the Volume and Qualitative Structure of the Housing Market in Russia","authors":"S. Bychkova, A. Dukhon, O. Obraztsova, N. Epshtein","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-66-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-66-91","url":null,"abstract":"Residential real estate is one of the most important types of assets, the lack of which becomes impossible the existence and development of the economy. For an entire sector of households, dwellings are not only a source of livelihood, but also determine the cost of living. Moreover, in the 2008 SNA Manual the production of housing services by homeowners for their own consumption is included in the production boundary (as in earlier versions of the UN SNA). This once again emphasizes the importance of studying the housing stock as the most important basis for the real estate market. In addition, the volume, dynamics and structure of the housing stock in various areas of classification is an important factor in the formation of the real estate market, its object-by-object basis, as well as the development of the activities of the subjects of this market. The above considerations determined the relevance of studying the composition and structure of the housing stock of the Russian Federation, including regional differences in the housing stock in the context of a complex of classification features.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84107089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiscal and Tax Policy Response to New Challenges and Budget Performance in the First Quarter of 2023","authors":"I. S. Bukina","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-121-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-121-138","url":null,"abstract":"The beginning of 2023 allows us to draw the first results of the Russian economy response to the impact of external and internal shocks in 2022. The structure of the Russian economy remains relatively stable, many catastrophic forecasts have not materialized. However, the sanctions that have come into force and the rapid measures of the anti-crisis policy pose a threat to fiscal stability. The main burden falls on the federal budget, but in the medium term, the depletion of federal reserves will also affect the state of the regional budgets. The paper analyzes the dynamics of indicators of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation and the budgets of state off-budget funds, as well as separately – the federal budget. In conditions of limited access to data on budget execution, some conclusions are hypotheses and assumptions. In addition, the statistics were distorted by the introduction of the unified tax payment mechanism. The paper distinguishes between the mechanism of the impact of temporary and permanent exogenous shocks. The response of fiscal policy is considered in the context of the division of measures into temporary and structural changes, and appropriate recommendations are given.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75483213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting the Costs for Adapting the Housing Stock to Changing Permafrost Conditions (the Case of Norilsk)","authors":"Геокриологическим Условиям, НА Примере Норильска","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-47-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-47-65","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of predicting the socio-economic consequences of permafrost degradation due to climate change is an important area of modern scientific research. At the moment, there are no unified approaches and methods for assessing this type of natural risk, respectively, there is no reliable idea of the scale of possible consequences, which in turn is manifested in the poor elaboration of the issue in strategic planning documents for permafrost areas. The city of Norilsk (Krasnoyarsk krai) is an example of an Arctic city in Russia, located in the permafrost zone, where active work has begun on the housing stock renovation, including due to problems associated with the degradation of permafrost under the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors. An analysis of legal documents related to the socioeconomic development of the city, renovation plans and documents aimed at solving the problem of replacing the deformed housing stock showed that the scale of measures does not fully correspond to the severity of the problem. A comparison of the key characteristics of the Norilsk housing stock, taking into account its current state and plans for transformation, with a long-term forecast of changes in engineering and cryological conditions until 2050, made it possible to estimate the total costs of adaptation, which can reach 1.6 trillion rubles in 2023 prices. In addition, a rating of Russian Arctic municipalities was compiled, based on the ratio of indicators characterizing internal adaptive capabilities to changing geocryological conditions and the amount of expected damage to the buildings and structures. It was found that, in general, the scale of the likely consequences significantly exceeds the available resources, and the most negative situation is already developing in the most depressed areas.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"78 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90962184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the Development of the Subjects of the Russian Federation under Sanctions","authors":"S. Valentey, A. Bakhtizin, S. Borisova, A. V. Kol’chugina, L. Lykova","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-161-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-161-196","url":null,"abstract":"For the period from 2020 to the present, both the domestic economy and the economies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have been subjected to two shocks. The shock caused by COVID-19 and the shock caused by the sanctions policy against Russia. As our research has shown, regional economies have relatively successfully overcome the negative consequences of the pandemic, suffering fewer losses than initially hypothetically predicted. An attempt to determine the degree of negative consequences of sanctions at the regional level is made in this article. At the same time, the authors understand that the problem requires further research, because, firstly, the impact of covid and post-covid restrictions on the national and regional economies has not been completely overcome. Secondly, since sanctions were introduced (and are being introduced) not simultaneously, but incrementally, they affect (and will affect) regional economies with different industry specialization of enterprises in different ways.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87730679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Withdrawing Foreign Companies in the Economy of Russian Regions","authors":"R. Bobrovskiy","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-197-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2023-2-197-219","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the role of foreign companies that announced their withdrawal from Russia after 2022 in the economy of the country as a whole, its industries and regions. The role of withdrawing foreign companies in industry is examined in more detail. The existing list of withdrawing foreign companies forms the basis of the analysis.Russian legal entities related with these foreign companies were selected. The financial indicators of these legal entities has been aggregated and compared with official statistics. The highest role of withdrawing foreign companies among sectors of the economy in the manufacturing industry and consumer and science-intensive services. Among industrial sectors – is in automotive, paper, tobacco and beverages industries, wood processing and some sub-sectors of mechanical engineering. In the regional context, the highest role of withdrawing foreign companies is in two types of regions: the largest cities and the automotive and wood processing regions. The withdrawal of foreign companies from the largest cities will affect previously on the technological development of industries and the economy as a whole. In the automotive and wood processing regions, the withdrawal of foreign companies is most critical for labor markets, especially if the region’s economy is small and undiversified.","PeriodicalId":30952,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Federalism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84579499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}