After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0012
P. Stafford
{"title":"Chronicle D: Crossing Conquest","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the manuscript and last stages of Chronicle D, the relationship of work on D to 1066 and the problem of where and for whom this chronicle’s last stages were written. It covers the complex palaeography and layout of Chronicle D, and the difficulties caused by its loss of several folios and their later replacement. The chapter argues that the core of D is pre-1066, in large part probably produced in the 1040s, but that much copying and some rewriting occurred post-1066. Key English survivors are central to Chronicle D—descendants of the pre-1066 dynasty, Edgar the ætheling and his sister Margaret, who married the Scottish king; Ealdred, last Anglo-Saxon archbishop of York; bishops of Durham in retirement at Peterborough; and Earl Waltheof. No single home is suggested for Chronicle D’s last stages whose writing may reflect the diaspora of these pre-1066 survivors.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115389328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0009
P. Stafford
{"title":"The Annals of Æthelred and the Early Years of Cnut","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers the group of annals now found in Chronicles C, D, and E covering the reign of Æthelred II and the early years of the Danish conqueror Cnut. It discusses the identity of this group and their transmission, arguing for D and E’s close connections. The focus is on Danish invasions, but there is unusual attention to archbishops. On the basis of some annals in D, it argues, again, that D’s predecessor was in the hands of Archbishop Wulfstan II, and that these annals were thus already attached to his copy of the Northern Recension by the early 1020s. This group of annals is, it is argued, a passionate, partisan, and powerful retrospective story. It was self-consciously within the tradition begun at Alfred’s court; but in those chronicles where it is found it altered the story of the chronicle produced there.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125984052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0002
P. Stafford
{"title":"The Study and Editing of the Vernacular Chronicles","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter surveys interest in the vernacular Anglo-Saxon chronicles from the sixteenth century to the twentieth, together with their study and editing. It sees these endeavours as both scholarly and antiquarian, but they also as linked to periods of definition of, and concern with, England and Englishness from the Reformation through to nineteenth-century medievalism. It discusses successive editions and their presentation of these chronicles, and argues that editions have not been neutral but have played a role in constructing these texts as a single national chronicle. It stresses the importance of the most recent editions, which present each chronicle separately.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127948079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0013
P. Stafford
{"title":"Chronicle F and Canterbury Post-1066","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers the range of work on Anglo-Saxon vernacular chronicles at Canterbury after the Norman Conquest, including additions to Chronicles A and B, and the making of the bilingual Latin and Old English Chronicle F. The scribe of Chronicle F and his monastic house, Christ Church, connected to Canterbury’s archbishops, emerge as major players. The range, which included contact with Chronicle D, the use of Chronicle /E, and the making of a brief Chronicle I, suggests a conscious engagement with the tradition of vernacular chronicle writing and an awareness of what united it. The voice of F is more overtly monastic, with Christ Church history incorporated into the story. The bilingual F, including new Latin annals, some on Norman history, in both F and /E, addressed a new mixed audience and the new situation the Conquest had created. Additions on popes and their relations with archbishops address wider European changes.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131955464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0003
P. Stafford
{"title":"Alfred’s Chronicle and the First Continuations","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers the vernacular chronicle produced at the court of King Alfred, its story, and its late-ninth-century evolution. It argues that this story was both dynastic history and a wider tale of English Christian history. It argues that seeing this chronicle as connected to the court rather than as deliberate royal propaganda solves some long-standing historical debates. Using the evidence of language and a comparative method involving Asser, surviving chronicles, and twelfth-century texts, it suggests that this chronicle was already an evolving text before 900. It questions the idea of deliberate circulation in the early 890s, suggesting an alternative model of copies made at different points. The early 890s were, nonetheless, a significant time of divergence and the beginning of the story of the separate development of vernacular chronicles.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130904490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0008
P. Stafford
{"title":"Vernacular Chronicles c.1000","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides an overview of vernacular chronicling c. ad 1000. It discusses both work on the surviving manuscript of Chronicle A and Chronicle G, a copy of Chronicle A produced at this time. G is one of the few Anglo-Saxon vernacular chronicles to survive in an original manuscript setting alongside other works. This is used to underline the probable episcopal connections of G and A with Winchester and further to illuminate the reception of Bede. The chapter covers the production now of a Latin translation of a vernacular chronicle by a layman, Ealdorman Æthelweard. It places in the hands of Wulfstan II, archbishop of York, a copy of the Northern Recension, an important textual ancestor of Chronicle D, and considers the unusual references to women in D’s tenth-century annals. The chapter provides a conspectus of vernacular chronicling at the height of the so-called Monastic (or Benedictine) reform movement.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127067818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0006
P. Stafford
{"title":"The ‘Northern Recension’","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers the most famous lost vernacular chronicle, the so-called ‘Northern Recension’, fossilized in Chronicles D and E. It examines its making, patronage, and audience, and its connection to the extension of southern power to England north of the Trent and Humber. A detailed reconstruction of the text identifies its sources in Bede, the York Annals, and the chronicle produced at Alfred’s court, the use of Bede being part of the story of Bede’s reception in later Anglo-Saxon England. It considers the nature of the resulting chronicle, its continuities with and shifts from that of Alfred. The Northern Recension is the first identifiable chronicle to add substantially to the Alfred Chronicle’s text. It is argued that this chronicle is linked to the archbishops of York, who were southern appointees and agents of southern power, but its makers were Northumbrian and attention is paid to their voices in the text.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116294229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After AlfredPub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0015
P. Stafford
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"P. Stafford","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859642.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter draws together the major themes and conclusions of the book and presents an overall picture of these chronicles, including lost chronicles, and their development. It deals with patrons, scribe/authors and place(s) of production, emphasizing the role of the court. It covers story and content, including discussion of the chronicle poems and poetic annals. It discusses the role of bishops, especially archbishops, and the religious houses and households connected to them. It pays attention to the identity of anonymous scribe/authors and to audiences. It emphasizes the plurality of these chronicles alongside a tradition of vernacular history-writing. It questions deliberate circulation buts stresses engaged history-writing including the importance of apparently neutral copies. It offers answers to the question of why this tradition of writing ended.","PeriodicalId":309387,"journal":{"name":"After Alfred","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129298849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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