Geriatric Care最新文献_第10页

Sarcopenia in the elderly: from clinical aspects to therapeutic options 老年肌肉减少症:从临床方面到治疗选择

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2019-04-24 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2019.8033

A. Bianchetti, A. Novelli

{"title":"Sarcopenia in the elderly: from clinical aspects to therapeutic options","authors":"A. Bianchetti, A. Novelli","doi":"10.4081/GC.2019.8033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/GC.2019.8033","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcopenia is a major contributor to the risk of physical frailty, functional decline, poor health-related quality of life and premature death in older people. Sarcopenia can be considered a geriatric syndrome. The term sarcopenia indicates the loss of muscle mass that accompanies aging. Muscle mass declines with aging process with differences between subjects in relation to the presence of chronic diseases, to lifestyles habits (mainly diet and physical activity), to cognitive status. Sarcopenia in the elderly is associated with poor health outcomes, such as falls, disability, loss of independence, and mortality; however, it is potentially treatable if recognized and intervened early. The prevalence of sarcopenia rates between 5% and 13% in community-dwelling older people aged 65 years and over, and is higher in those 80 years and older (20-25%). The cause of sarcopenia is generally thought to be multifactorial, with environmental causes, disease triggers, inflammatory pathway activation, and a large number of cellular and biochemical abnormalities. Resistance training and amino acid supplementation are a recommended practice for the prevention of sarcopenia. The essential elements for the management of the sarcopenic patient are the recognition of a condition of frailty, an accurate multidimensional geriatric assessment, with attention to cognitive problems, mood, functional problems, living conditions, using standardized instruments. Combining exercise with some pharmacological compounds such as β- Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and dietary supplements (including proteins, aminoacids and vitamin D) may exert a beneficial effect on older adults thus influencing the progress to sarcopenia. The recommended daily amount of protein is greater for older people. Vitamin D and leucine enrichment seems mandatory in order to improve muscle mass and lowerextremity function among sarcopenic older adults. There are some evidences that collagen peptides in this setting might be even superior to whey protein in promoting muscle growth and increasing the mobility.","PeriodicalId":30930,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/GC.2019.8033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44352362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Development of a smart post-hospitalization facility for older people by using domotics, robotics, and automated tele-monitoring 利用domotics、机器人和自动远程监控为老年人开发智能住院后设施

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2019-04-19 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2019.8122

C. Patrone, A. Cella, Chiara Martini, Silvia Pericu, Rosetta Femia, A. Barla, Claudia Porfirione, M. Puntoni, N. Veronese, F. Odone, Niccolò Casiddu, G. Rollandi, A. Verri, A. Pilotto

{"title":"Development of a smart post-hospitalization facility for older people by using domotics, robotics, and automated tele-monitoring","authors":"C. Patrone, A. Cella, Chiara Martini, Silvia Pericu, Rosetta Femia, A. Barla, Claudia Porfirione, M. Puntoni, N. Veronese, F. Odone, Niccolò Casiddu, G. Rollandi, A. Verri, A. Pilotto","doi":"10.4081/GC.2019.8122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/GC.2019.8122","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies showed that about the 8% of beds are occupied by patients who experience a delayed hospital discharge (DHD). This is attributed to a delay in the arrangement of home-care assistance or in admission to long-term care facilities. Recently a lot of technologies have been developed to improve caring and monitoring of older people. The aim of this study is to design, implement and test a prototype of a technology based post-hospitalization facility for older people at risk of DHD by using domotics, robotics and wearable sensors for tele-monitoring. A sensorised posthospitalization facility has been built inside the hospital. Thirty-five healthy volunteers aged from 20 to 82 years were recruited. Clinical and functional assessment, i.e. motility index (MI), and human-robot interaction satisfaction were measured. A significant correlation was observed between automatic MI and the Gait Speed, the time sit-to-stand, and the Timed Up and Go test. Domotics, robotics and technology-based telemonitoring may represent a new way to assess patient’s autonomy and functional and clinical conditions in an ecological way, reproducing as much as possible a real life at home.","PeriodicalId":30930,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/GC.2019.8122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48144352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Toxic epidermic necrolysis by allopurinol: a case report 别嘌呤醇中毒性表皮坏死松解1例

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2019-04-18 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2019.7958

R. Cerra, A. Castagna, L. Greco, Rosaria Anna Galea, M. Citraro, Carmen Ruberto, G. Coppolino, G. Ruotolo

{"title":"Toxic epidermic necrolysis by allopurinol: a case report","authors":"R. Cerra, A. Castagna, L. Greco, Rosaria Anna Galea, M. Citraro, Carmen Ruberto, G. Coppolino, G. Ruotolo","doi":"10.4081/GC.2019.7958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/GC.2019.7958","url":null,"abstract":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) or Lyell’s syndrome is a rare but serious potentially fatal autoimmune dermatologic disease. It is characterized by cutaneous damage due to apoptosis of the keratinocytes with consequent dermo-epidermal separation for a >30% extension of the body surface, associated with mucosal lesions. It is due to the activation of the immune system, often following the intake of potentially toxic drugs [antibiotics, antiepileptics, non-steroidal antinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), allopurinol] or after infection with herpetic viruses or mycoplasma. We describe the case of an 82- year-old man starting therapy of Allopurinol for hyperuricemia. After four days the patient shows an extensive erythematous rash localized to the trunk and upper limbs. The following day the rash also involves the face, tending to the confluence and after another two days, the macules turn into de-epithelized areas because of dermo-epidermal separation and the lesions involve the oral and ocular mucosa, causing dysphagia and difficulty in speaking. He was treated with steroid and antihistamine therapy, suspending the previously undertaken therapy with antibiotic and Allopurinol.","PeriodicalId":30930,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/GC.2019.7958","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46109983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persistent bradycardia after hypoglycaemia: a case report and a brief literature review 低血糖后持续性心动过缓:1例报告及简要文献复习

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2019-04-18 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2019.7670

B. Gasperini, P. Lamanna, R. Serra, R. Montanari, A. Cherubini, E. Espinosa

引用次数: 0

Aging changes complexity of heart rate dynamics assessed by entropy and Lyapunov exponent analysis 熵值和李雅普诺夫指数分析表明，年龄变化会改变心率动态的复杂性

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2019-04-17 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2019.8038

R. Siciliano, Giuseppe Agapito, S. Siciliano, F. Fimognari

{"title":"Aging changes complexity of heart rate dynamics assessed by entropy and Lyapunov exponent analysis","authors":"R. Siciliano, Giuseppe Agapito, S. Siciliano, F. Fimognari","doi":"10.4081/GC.2019.8038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/GC.2019.8038","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, many research groups are trying to quantify the physiological signals of an individual, proposing new models to assess the complex dynamics of biological control systems. Indeed, life coincides with the good handling of the structures in the organism and of physiological control mechanisms, while disease and death coincide with the loss of structure and of coordinated functions. The homeodynamic systems which normally govern health are the same that cause pathological events when activated inadequately, or rather, when the balance between order and chaos of the elementary physiological processes is no longer effectively controlled in relation to any type of stress, both external and internal to the body. In a complex system, loss or alteration of communication between physiological signals means pathology. In this paper a signal analysis method based on Entropy (E), Lyapunov exponent (1), Median Absolute Deviation (MAD), Multiscale Entropy (MSE), is proposed to estimate the complexity of long-range temporal correlation heart rate (HR) time series for an elderly person and a young person both healthy. These new methods could improve overall understanding of the physiological system of the human organism, by adopting new models and experimental paradigms, such as those of fractality and entropy, who have the ability to direct from an organ medicine to a modern systemic medicine.","PeriodicalId":30930,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Care","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/GC.2019.8038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41583865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The role of healthy nutrition and diet in the prevention of non-communicable diseases among the aged 健康营养和饮食在预防老年人非传染性疾病中的作用

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2019-04-17 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2019.7961

I. Ayenigbara

{"title":"The role of healthy nutrition and diet in the prevention of non-communicable diseases among the aged","authors":"I. Ayenigbara","doi":"10.4081/GC.2019.7961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/GC.2019.7961","url":null,"abstract":"Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) kill approximately 41 million individuals every year, proportional to 71% of all deaths universally. This paper discuses the role of healthy nutrition and diet in the prevention of non-communicable diseases among the aged. It is a theoretical research in which Non-communicable diseases and the aged was discussed, and researched backed nutritional recommendations for the prevention of common non-communicable diseases, and other geriatric illnesses was extensively discussed under; Increment in vegetable and fruit consumption, Lessening of saturated fat intake, Increment in dietary fiber, Lessening of dietary sodium intake, Increment in dietary potassium consumption and reduction in alcohol consumption. It was concluded that healthy nutrition can well help in the prevention of non-communicable and chronic diseases among aged, therefore, healthy nutrition should be a preferred strategy tool in the prevention of non-communicable and chronic diseases among this age group. It was however recommended that; keeping up of good weight, increasing of vegetable and natural fruits product consumption, reduction of saturated fat consumption, increasing of dietary fiber consumption, decrease in dietary sodium and increment of dietary potassium intake, and reducing the rate of alcohol use; all helps in the prevention of non-communicable disease and other geriatric illnesses affecting the aged. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":30930,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/GC.2019.7961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42370011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Chances and challenges of comprehensive geriatric assessment training for healthcare providers 为医疗保健提供者提供全面的老年评估培训的机会和挑战

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2018-12-14 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2018.7853

M. Polidori, R. Roller-Wirnsberger

引用次数: 7

New trends in drug treatment of heart failure in old age 老年心力衰竭药物治疗的新趋势

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2018-11-29 DOI: 10.4081/GC.2018.7833

K. Komici, L. Bencivenga, Angela Spezzano, Pierangela Nocella, G. Corbi, N. Ferrara, G. Rengo

引用次数: 1

Pattern of morbidity among elders attending general practice: health needs assessment of geriatric patients in Oman 参加全科医疗的老年人发病模式：阿曼老年患者的健康需求评估

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.4081/gc.2018.7774

S. Naeem, F. Jahan, Muhammad Siddiqui, Muhammad Moazzam Khan

{"title":"Pattern of morbidity among elders attending general practice: health needs assessment of geriatric patients in Oman","authors":"S. Naeem, F. Jahan, Muhammad Siddiqui, Muhammad Moazzam Khan","doi":"10.4081/gc.2018.7774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/gc.2018.7774","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study was to identify specific problems and pattern of morbidities that is common in the elderly. A cross sectional study surveying the health status and needs of targeted population was conducted in selected primary health care (PHC) outpatient settings. All consenting individuals aged 60 years and above who visited the selected PHC clinics were interviewed. Information was collected using face-to-face interviews based on a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. A total of 185 people were evaluated in this study. About 75% of participants were age 60-70 years. Overall, male predominance was noted with 137 (74.1%) males and among all participant’s 80% were married. The mean BMI was 26.47±4.98 kg/m2 and mean waist circumference was 90.16±12.97 cm. The prevalence of smoking, DM, HTN, dyslipidaemia and history of IHD among participants were 7.6%, 37.8%, 49.7%, 27.6% and 8.1%, respectively and males showed a significantly higher prevalence than females in smoking and HTN (p<0.05). Hypertension was common comorbid ailment with 29.2% of stage I and 19.5% of stage II hypertension among 60-70 age groups. The majority of the participants were taking shower; using toilet, feeding and get dressed independently, 88.6%, 87.6%, 87% and 87.6% respectively. These findings provide important information on high prevalence of overweight, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and dyslipidaemia among elders. The other common morbidities were impaired vision, walking difficulty, and hearing problems. The activity of daily living (bathing dressing toileting feeding) is preserved in most of older people.","PeriodicalId":30930,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Care","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4081/gc.2018.7774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49198951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Dementia in the old age: a gloomy wood later in life 老年痴呆:晚年生活的阴霾

Geriatric Care Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.4081/gc.2018.7756

V. Boccardi, L. Paolacci, P. Mecocci

引用次数: 0