Developmental Psychology eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children with the Prepared Dataset: A Machine Learning Approach for Prediction","authors":"P. Ramya, G. Geetha, Vattikuti NagaPrudhvi Raj","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3734788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3734788","url":null,"abstract":"Right now Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is at fastest pace in these days quicker than any other times. Regardless of the way that number of studies have been taken using different procedures, no particular study have stated the purposes behind the Autism. It is the “spectrum” disorder which of the fact that is wide in the sort and seriousness of the side effects to the individuals who experience this. Autism might occur any ethnic, racial and monetary related social gatherings. Disregarding the fact that autism spectrum disorder might be a profound established issue, yet the physical and mental treatments, medications, organizations can improve a person’s manifestations and capacity. Our work primarily focuses around the expectation of the medically introverted kids who are underneath 4 years. SVM Support Vector Machine is utilized for the order of the dataset to anticipate the autism spectrum disorder in children and to say the specific stage the kid is in.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125868611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning and Technology in Diagnostic Research: The Case Study of Cognitive Disorders among Toddlers","authors":"R. Joshi, Aditya Raute, A. Yeole, Sanika Sanaye, Bhavika Idnani","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3561862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3561862","url":null,"abstract":"This study tries to research the use of technology, specifically machine learning, in the diagnosis of cognitive mental disorders in toddlers based on the child’s biological history right from the birth. The study will also present some distinct symptoms for observation, that point to the onset of such disorders and can assist in the assessment for early diagnosis. Solutions to most of those problems can be achieved with proper and dedicated study of the individual as well as the use of progressive technology that can help in the accurate, efficient and early diagnosis of such disorders. Another important aspect this study highlights is the need for awareness about these disorders and the solutions in the society.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128797135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study the Effect of Antioxidants and Oxidative Products and Their Genetic Effect on Methionine Synthase in People with Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Basim M. Ali, Iqbal J. B. Alassadi, A. S. Ahmed Zearah","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3559385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3559385","url":null,"abstract":"Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication by restricted repetitive behavior, Blood samples were taken for 60 people with autism and 30 healthy people as a control group. Both groups ranged age from 3 to 8 years .The laboratory and genetic analysis, (GSH & MDA) analysis were performed by ELISA technique, while Vit. D was performed by I-chroma II technique .The genetic aspect; it has been using the DNA separation kit then used PCR device, after that using nanoscope analyzer to determine the concentration of DNA extracted after the special primers were used to determine the presence of genetic defect. The results were a significant decrease in level of (GSH & Vit.D), a significant increase in level of (MDA), the genetic part, allel has been identified suffering from a significant change of methionine synthase where there is a significant relationship between this protein and autism disorder.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131856499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and Protective Factors for Alcohol and Other Drug Use (AOD) Among Adolescents in Rubavu District, Rwanda","authors":"James Ngamije, Dr. Callixte Yadufashije","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3036052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3036052","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite ongoing prevention efforts, alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse among adolescents remain public health concerns. Rural adolescents, many of whom are underserved, are disproportionately affected. AOD bring a major challenge for affected families and communities and places an enormous burden on mental health and other health service providers in Rwanda as well as the country’s economy. To our knowledge no study has been done to address AOD in Rwanda. \u0000Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore perspectives on risk and protective factors influencing AOD of parents and their adolescents attending parent-adolescent communication (PAC) program in Rubavu district, Rwanda. \u0000Methods: This study employed qualitative methods and community-based participatory research (CBPR) guided in large part by community members, in partnership with research and health practitioners from Imbuto Foundation and Rubavu Youth Friendly Center (RYFC). CBPR principles are aimed at improving the effectiveness of research by addressing locally relevant health issues and involve communities in every aspects of the research process. Through a systematic process, community participants and researchers work to achieve a shared understanding of the important influences on AOD in the community and suggestions for how to take action in addressing AOD. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants for the study. A total of 20 families (17 fathers, 20 mothers and 20 adolescents aged 14 to 24 years) were participants in PAC program from Rubavu Youth Friendly Center (RYFC) in rural sector of Rubavu district. Focus groups and in-depth interviews in Kinyarwanda language were conducted with all study participants. The interview guide was semi structured, nondirective and informal process to elicit rich information regarding risk and protective factors of AOD abuse among adolescents. Each interview and focus group session were written in narrative format and were analysed using grounded theory approach. \u0000Results: This Individual risk and protective factors for AOD, environmental risk and protective factors for AOD and suggestion to AOD among the adolescents were the main themes that emerged from this study. Parents and their children adolescents’ participants in PAC program perceived poor communication as a leading risk factor of alcohol and drugs abuse; other risks included poor family support, stressful life events and availability of drugs. Family support, communication about drugs, employment and religion were viewed as protective factors. Participants suggested strengthening parent-adolescent communication about drugs through parenting and drugs education sessions and community home visit and integration the program in village. Other suggestions included strengthening the parent-adolescent relationship in prevention or reduce AOD. \u0000Conclusions: Participants believe that parents and families have the ultimate responsibilities to protect and educat","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114361379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Involvement & Child Development","authors":"Arpit Patel","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2477253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2477253","url":null,"abstract":"The researcher seeks to investigate the methods, types and frequency of parental involvement and to address which among the many intervention processes is most influential to the child’s development. Parental involvement in their child’s development is a more powerful force compared to other family variables including social class and status, family size or level of parental education. Parental involvement affects child’s learning and higher academic performance that could optimistically lead to higher academic achievement, greater cognitive competence, greater problem-solving skills, greater school enjoyment, better school attendance and fewer behavioural problems. However, parents have different positions regarding the need for involvement and the degree of involvement policies and educational systems require them. In addition, there are many factors to consider for parents (e.g. financial status, educational level, work, etc.) prior to their participation. The issue is decided to be investigated to provide a bigger picture regarding parental involvement in the family as well as child’s social environment. There is a drive to investigate the increase in child’s progress in terms of effective parental involvement. The rationale of this study is to basically explore the implications of parental involvement in their children academic as well as social development. This research may be useful for parents who are seeking clarifications on their participatory role and how they can contribute; for teachers who are working in close collaboration with the parents and for the children who are the main receivers of direct benefits of parental involvement.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126039475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retirement Decisions of Couples: The Impact of Spousal Characteristics and Preferences on the Timing of Retirement","authors":"D. Warren","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2370171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2370171","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides new evidence of coordination of retirement by mature age couples in Australia. Two complementary estimation approaches are used to highlight the importance of taking the household decision-making context into account when modeling the retirement behaviour of partnered men and women. First, a single risk hazard model provides insights into the influences of a spouse’s characteristics on the retirement decision of the individual. Second, a competing-risks framework is used to examine the retirement behaviour of couples exiting from a situation in which both are in paid employment. There is strong evidence of coordination of retirement by mature age couples in Australia due to complementarities in leisure and, for women, because of caring responsibilities. In particular, the results suggest that women may delay their own retirement if their partner has a financial incentive to continue in the labour force; or retire early to care for a partner who is in poor health.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129223612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Skills Gaps in India: Can (Late) Nutrition Ameliorate Them?","authors":"F. Lopez Boo, M. Canon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2346928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2346928","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the (late) nutrition-cognition link using novel panel data from India for very young children. We estimate a value-added model of cognitive development that corrects for biases in the previous literature. Moreover, we use exposure to the national Mid Day Meal Scheme interacted with a non-linearity in how birth year exogenously affects the probability of enrollment in public schools as an instrumental variable. We find that a 1-standard-deviation increase in height-for-age at 5 years of age (i.e., beyond the 1,000-day window of opportunity) leads to cognitive test scores 11 to 14 percent of a standard deviation higher at age 8. This positive and significant effect supports the recent strand of literature on catch-up growth. Our analysis also suggests that providing low-caste children with the average nutritional status of their upper-caste counterparts would close around one-fourth of the existing caste cognitive differentials for boys. For girls, the gap is closed by half.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122669134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Child-Rearing Practices Among Lower-Class Families in Karachi","authors":"Saadia Bakhtawar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2707114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2707114","url":null,"abstract":"Child rearing practices are an integral part of parenting and its presence and significance among families from lower a lower socioeconomic background is the subject of the study conducted for this paper. With parents of infants and younger children interviewed and spoken to in detail separately, differences not only in their opinions become more evident but along with personality traits the strategies and approaches adopted to raise children who will be the adults in any society in the future, preset themselves in interesting ways. Many parents exhibiting, more or less, similar economic indicators might vary in their stance on child rearing. A society, Pakistani in this case so full of tradition has age old practices, not good or bad, judgement not being the intention of this paper, being passed on from one generation to another. Parents think about how they were raised and what needs to be done with their own children perhaps subconsciously for none in the study conducted for this paper revealed that they consciously did so regularly or at intervals.The idea behind this research exercise is to track and identify these patterns and trends not for the sake of comparison with those of yore but to tap in to the experiences of the people which ultimately build their perceptions and consequently their personalities. Adding meanings to such a subliminal activity as child rearing practices with reference to the effect on or of the social dynamics of a society is the intention of this endeavor.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131246687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youth in the Middle East","authors":"I. Hassan, P. Dyer, H. Silver, S. Farah, Edward Sayre, Manata Hashemi, Michael Robbins, Sherine El Taraboulsi","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2888414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2888414","url":null,"abstract":"While some of MENA’s recent macro-economic and political developments have created further obstacles for the region’s youth, young peoples’ responses to these constraints have differed remarkably. As such, the process by which we expand our understanding of young people should be informed by a wider perspective: the aspirations of youth and their senses of identity as well as the economic and political contexts that confront them. How individuals manage the challenges they face, and how youth mobilize collectively to deal with those overarching constraints faced in the region, are likely influenced by diverse factors related to their gendered, national, urban, tribal, cultural, and religious differences. To explore the underlying causes and consequences of these complexities, CIRS launched a multi-disciplinary research initiative in collaboration with Silatech, a Doha-based and youth-oriented social initiative organization. As many of the region’s youth are contending with the effects of social and economic exclusion, this research explores the ways in which youth manage and respond to various socioeconomic and political constraints across the region, as well as the potentials of policy to support various aspects of youth’s lives. Additionally, this research initiative examines the ways in which Middle Eastern youth collectively regenerate a new consciousness and forge novel methods of mobilization. The original research papers produced as part of this initiative will be published as a special issue of The Muslim World in 2017.","PeriodicalId":309208,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Psychology eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117049787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}