{"title":"Reclaiming Land","authors":"Shanondora Billiot, Jessica Parfait","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental changes are projected to have adverse impacts on marginalized populations through additional pressures placed on already struggling social systems. Indigenous communities, given their attachment to and dependence on the land, are especially vulnerable. Though indigenous peoples throughout the world contribute the least to changes in the environment, they are disproportionally affected. To date, there has been limited research on health impacts resulting from environmental changes, especially among indigenous peoples in the United States. This chapter presents a case study on how environmental change exposure (e.g., observations, frequency, threats) and indigenous-specific sensitivities (e.g., historical trauma, ethnic identity, discrimination) affect the likelihood of participation in adaptation activities by indigenous peoples living in a physically vulnerable coastal area of the United States. It connects these findings with themes arising within other indigenous communities experiencing environmental changes.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131628489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Normalizing Discourses","authors":"April L. Colette","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Infrastructure development and planning practices, both materially and discursively, shape the unequal distribution of flood risk. Taking the city of Santa Fe, Argentina, to illustrate this point, this chapter shows that because of the complex relationship between climate and outcomes, different people experience different risks in the same city, even while facing the same hazard. The focus is on not only how infrastructure physically transforms the urban landscape but also how it produces and is produced by people’s (both government and individuals) notions of what and who is at risk. Discourse about risk and infrastructure shapes the construction of the material world, the social order of the city, and very much influences how government and individuals perceive and frame risk and, importantly, develop climate-related risk reduction solutions.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117345939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Older People and Climate Change","authors":"K. Oven, J. Wistow, S. Curtis","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Vulnerability to extreme weather events reflects the type, severity, and duration of the exposure, in addition to the attributes that make individuals and physical and social infrastructures susceptible to damage. Older populations are a demographic group likely to be at risk, despite their considerable capacity for adaptation and resilience. The vulnerability (and resilience) of older people significantly depends on the types and strengths of connections across complex systems of health and social care, upon which a substantial proportion of older people depend. In many areas of the world, there is growing emphasis on strategies to recognize, sustain, and strengthen this “nexus” of critical connections. This chapter considers people and climate change in a Western European context using illustrations from research in England, which focuses on the impacts of extreme weather events on the built infrastructure supporting older people’s health and social care delivery.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133400508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate Change, Social Justice","authors":"L. Mason, J. Rigg","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a physical process but also a profoundly social and political challenge with many social justice issues. People who have contributed the least to climate change already suffer the worst consequences. This chapter makes a case for grounding climate change questions and solutions in community inclusion—in engagement of and partnership with people whose lives are directly affected—based on the principles of social justice. It then describes five intersecting dimensions of “climate reductionism” that must be addressed to articulate why climate change must be contextualized and understood through the lens of local social, economic, and political contexts. The chapter highlights the guiding questions and organization of the book’s chapters, and it concludes with a call to address the “wicked problem” of climate change in partnership with communities and in ways that value local expertise in policy pursuits.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134457573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Moving Forward for Community Inclusion and Policy Change","authors":"L. Mason, J. Rigg","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter synthesizes the book’s themes of contextualizing climate change in community realities, reflecting on the five climate reductionisms introduced in the opening chapter and taking actionable progress toward policy change. Though climate change is a wicked problem, characterized by uncertainty and complexity, the way forward for socially just solutions must include purposeful, meaningful partnerships with communities in ways that recognize their own inherent diversity, value their knowledge, and address their manifold needs. However, partnerships for policy change might be conceived as a wicked “solution”: They will involve many stakeholders, there is little precedent for how to make them successful, and there are still questions of whether they are needed in all phases of the policy process or for all policy decisions.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127462030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Water Insecurity in Disaster and Climate Change Contexts","authors":"B. Resurrección","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter applies a feminist political ecology lens to episodes of climate change-related water insecurity in three Southeast Asian peri-urban area sites affected by flooding, water shortages, and pollution induced by long dry spells and heavy precipitation. It presents highlights from a 3-year research project that examined the everyday lives of women as they “deal with water” in the context of increasing water pollution, water scarcity, and flooding compounded by neoliberal socioeconomic conditions. These accounts illustrate how in water- and climate-change contexts, the neoliberal logics of privatization, commercialization, and reified separation between “the natural” and “the social” engage closely with emotions and intersectional gender subjectivities. The use of a feminist political ecology lens offers more holistic and grounded ways of probing into people’s experiences of climate-related water insecurity and stresses, aspects of which are often missed: gendered violence, hierarchies of place, affect, and insecurity in everyday life.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125404911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Harper, L. Berrang‐Ford, C. Cárcamo, A. Cunsolo, V. Edge, J. Ford, A. Llanos, S. Lwasa, D. Namanya
{"title":"The Indigenous Climate–Food–Health Nexus","authors":"S. Harper, L. Berrang‐Ford, C. Cárcamo, A. Cunsolo, V. Edge, J. Ford, A. Llanos, S. Lwasa, D. Namanya","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"The health impacts of climate change are not evenly distributed among the global population. Indigenous peoples are expected to bear a disproportionate burden of the climate-related health impacts given their close relationship with and dependence on the local environment for subsistence and food security, as well as existing gradients in health and colonial legacies. To understand how climate change affects indigenous peoples’ health vis-à-vis food systems, this chapter profiles research conducted in partnership with three indigenous populations: Inuit in the Canadian Arctic, Batwa from the Ugandan Impenetrable Forest, and Shawi in the Peruvian Amazon. Drawing from data captured in cohort surveys, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and a variety of participatory methods, this chapter characterizes climate-sensitive food-related health outcomes in each region. Finally, it examines the critical role of indigenous knowledge, equity, and research in health-related climate change adaptation.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114261334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender, Politics, and Water in Australia and Bangladesh","authors":"M. Alston","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"In the wake of climate change, environmental degradation, and increasing global populations, food and water security are under threat throughout the world. This chapter focuses on the impacts of climate change on water security in Australia and Bangladesh, noting in particular the gendered implications and the way policies influence and shape gendered responses. In Bangladesh, for example, following disasters, access to safe, uncontaminated water may involve women walking significant distances. Australian research has examined the impact of water policies on gendered livelihood strategies as farming families readjust to their reduced access to irrigation water. A critical feature of this chapter is an examination of the way water has become “commodified” and reconfigured around new forms of market value. The chapter poses questions about the ongoing impact of water insecurity in the face of predicted and extreme climate events.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114493560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Lwasa, J. Ford, L. Berrang‐Ford, D. Namanya, A. Buyinza, Benon Nabaasa
{"title":"Resilience to Climate Change in Uganda","authors":"S. Lwasa, J. Ford, L. Berrang‐Ford, D. Namanya, A. Buyinza, Benon Nabaasa","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"In Uganda, the Karamojong Pastoralist and Batwa forest pygmy communities are disproportionately affected by the increasing frequency and magnitude of climate change impacts. Though these communities have long-standing traditional systems to adapt to a changing climate, policymakers and researchers often disregard the adaptations. Programs in the Karamoja region aim to make pastoralism more resilient to climate change, but most ignore pastoralism’s resilience to climate variability and instead focus on changing livestock systems, reducing livestock numbers, adopting crop growing, and diversifying to other economic activities. On the other hand, Batwa forest pygmies have long adapted to climate change in tropical forests by integrating their health systems to the ecosystem. This chapter maps out the policy implications of resilience building in poor communities marginalized by public policy. Gaps, constraints, and opportunities are discussed, in addition to lessons from existing community adaptations that build resilience to climate change.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123624920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Harlan, Paul M. Chakalian, J. Declet-Barreto, D. Hondula, G. D. Jenerette
{"title":"Pathways to Climate Justice in a Desert Metropolis","authors":"S. Harlan, Paul M. Chakalian, J. Declet-Barreto, D. Hondula, G. D. Jenerette","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190886455.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Future societies face many uncertainties in a rapidly warming and urbanizing world. One of the most critical challenges is how cities will adapt to new local temperature regimes. This chapter examines the climate hazard of extreme heat, the human health risks of high temperatures for vulnerable populations, and two complementary potential pathways for societal adaptations to climate change in Phoenix, Arizona. The challenge for the public health pathway is to protect groups that are vulnerable to heat because they either are physiologically susceptible or experience acute heat exposure. Pro-poor pathways are needed for populations that are vulnerable to climate change primarily because they live in low-income neighborhoods that are chronically exposed to the highest temperatures and lack access to economic and social resources, ecological benefits, and technological means to cope with heat. This chapter examines differences between the two pathways, using climate justice as a guiding principle for future recommendations.","PeriodicalId":308941,"journal":{"name":"People and Climate Change","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116817964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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