UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers最新文献

Economic Insecurity and Well-being 经济不安全与福祉

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.18356/25206656-173

L. Osberg

引用次数: 1

What Does the United Nations “say” About Global Agenda? An Exploration of Trends Using Natural Language Processing for Machine Learning 联合国对全球议程“说”了什么?机器学习中使用自然语言处理的趋势探索

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.18356/25206656-171

Namsuk Kim, Marcelo T. Lafleur

引用次数: 1

How Long Will it Take for LDCs and SIDS to Recover From the Impacts of COVID-19? 最不发达国家和小岛屿发展中国家需要多长时间才能从COVID-19的影响中恢复过来?

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-06-16 DOI: 10.18356/25206656-170

Namsuk Kim, E. Harris, R. Mollerus, Matthias Bruckner, Mereseini Bower, Marcia Tavares, Daniel Gay, Eun Hee Lee

{"title":"How Long Will it Take for LDCs and SIDS to Recover From the Impacts of COVID-19?","authors":"Namsuk Kim, E. Harris, R. Mollerus, Matthias Bruckner, Mereseini Bower, Marcia Tavares, Daniel Gay, Eun Hee Lee","doi":"10.18356/25206656-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/25206656-170","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic is entailing huge costs worldwide. To help developing countries formulate policy responses to minimize negative impacts of the COVID-19, possible size and duration of the shocks on most vulnerable countries, i.e., least developed countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS), and their resilience to overcome the shocks need to be assessed. This paper quantitatively examines possible paths of LDCs and SIDS recovering from the impacts of the COVID-19 crisis, using an autoregressive model of income growth and a panel regression model of external demand for LDCs and SIDS. Evidence from the experience of the 2007-08 global financial crisis suggests that the income growth of LDCs and SIDS had not recovered to the level of pre-crisis rates even 5 years after the crisis. This suggests a slower recovery for many LDCs and SIDS, while developed economies were able to achieve a quick recovery. The magnitude of current COVID-19 crisis relative to previous shocks is unknown, and so the regression analysis suggested that, if income in advanced economies fell by 6 per cent in 2020 and bounced back in 2021, growth of per capita income in LDCs and SIDS may need about 4 to 5 years to be able to return to the projected path under the baseline scenario without the COVID-19 crisis. The actual speed and duration of recovery in LDCs and SIDS are likely to be slower and longer, considering other factors, such as additional impacts from shocks related to commodity prices and climate change. JEL Classification: E17; F47; O10; O47; O57","PeriodicalId":308623,"journal":{"name":"UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115533650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The COVID-19 Crisis: What Explains Cross-country Differences in the Pandemic’s Short-term Economic Impact? COVID-19危机:如何解释疫情短期经济影响的跨国差异?

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-04-28 DOI: 10.18356/25206656-174

Lennart Niermann, Ingo A. Pitterle

引用次数: 2

A Post-SDG Summit Governance Primer: Interlinking the Institutional, Peace and Justice Dimensions of SDG16 (2016–2019) 可持续发展目标峰会后的治理入门:将可持续发展目标16的体制、和平与正义层面联系起来(2016-2019)

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2020-06-17 DOI: 10.18356/ac569614-en

P. K. Blind

{"title":"A Post-SDG Summit Governance Primer: Interlinking the Institutional, Peace and Justice Dimensions of SDG16 (2016–2019)","authors":"P. K. Blind","doi":"10.18356/ac569614-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/ac569614-en","url":null,"abstract":"As the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development enters its fifth year of implementation, it is opportune to ask how governance is understood and implemented around the world. In fact, one can go further to probe the extent to which governments are cognizant of the principles undergirding effective governance. This paper examines the ways in which governance has been operationalized by countries, major groups and other stakeholders since the first round of Voluntary National Reviews at the High-level Political Forum (HLPF) of 2016. It does this based on the qualitative overview of the Synthesis reports of Voluntary National Reviews (2016–2029), and the quantitative analysis of three SDG databases: Voluntary National Reviews, SDG Good Practices and the SDG Acceleration Actions. It starts with a literature review of the multidimensional concept of governance. The three databases are then scoped through a series of keywords associated with the SDG16 governance targets. It finds that although SDG 16 is catalytic to progress on all other SDGs, its governance dimension does not receive due focus. The article concludes with several action areas to mainstream the governance dimension of SDG16 in sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":308623,"journal":{"name":"UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117024404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exporters in Africa: What Role for Trade Costs? 非洲出口商:贸易成本扮演什么角色?

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.18356/b73d0b27-en

H. Afonso, Sebastián Vergara

{"title":"Exporters in Africa: What Role for Trade Costs?","authors":"H. Afonso, Sebastián Vergara","doi":"10.18356/b73d0b27-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/b73d0b27-en","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the role of trade costs for exporter dynamics in Africa. In comparison to exporters from other regions, African exporting firms are fewer, smaller, and relatively less diversified in terms of products and destinations. African countries also display the highest rates of entry, exit, and turnover of exporting firms, exporting products, and export destinations. This suggests that Africa’s exporting activity is volatile and subject to much experimentation, with exporters facing difficulties maintaining trade relationships. The analysis also confirms that trade costs are a crucial factor in explaining exporter performance in Africa vis-à-vis other regions, but also among African countries. Trade costs play a disproportionate role in affecting the size of new exporters and the survival of exporters in Africa. Also, trade cost differences across African countries are a relevant factor in explaining the lower market diversification of exporters from landlocked countries. A key implication is that the African Continental Free Trade Area can bring many benefits in terms of export flows and destination markets. Yet, without strengthening productive capacities, the diversification of export products will likely remain limited.","PeriodicalId":308623,"journal":{"name":"UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130943498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Humanitarian SDGs 人道主义西班牙

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2019-05-31 DOI: 10.18356/a2d75e71-en

引用次数: 1

The 2030 Agenda 2030年议程

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2018-11-15 DOI: 10.18356/E0EC0230-EN

Filipa Correia, P. Erfurth, Julie Bryhn

引用次数: 8

The Role of Productive and Technological Capabilities on Export Dynamics in Developing Countries 发展中国家生产和技术能力对出口动态的作用

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 2018-09-07 DOI: 10.18356/a7172cae-en

Sebastián Vergara

{"title":"The Role of Productive and Technological Capabilities on Export Dynamics in Developing Countries","authors":"Sebastián Vergara","doi":"10.18356/a7172cae-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/a7172cae-en","url":null,"abstract":"Productive and technological capabilities matter. Several strains of the literature have emphasized them as major engines of export, growth and development. But how they matter is less clear. In fact, many open questions remain on how capabilities influence export dynamics at microeconomic level. This paper empirically investigates their role on export dynamics in 40 developing countries between 2002 and 2012. In doing so, the paper exploits a country-sector-year database containing exporter-level statistical information. The empirical analysis shows that, within sectors, there is a larger number of exporters in countries with more productive capacities, and the exporters are larger and have higher prices for their products, even after controlling for level of development, size of the economy, commodity-dependency and other variables. Also, the results confirm a positive relationship between technological capabilities and diversification: within sectors, exporters in countries with more capabilities tend to export a higher number of products and to more destination markets. Furthermore, capabilities in high-technology exporters seem to play a crucial role regarding market diversification. Thus, the paper shows that, even just comparing exporters' behaviour among the developing countries, stronger productive and technological capabilities are significantly related to the \"extensive\" and \"intensive\" margin of exports, the diversification across products and destinations, and the product quality, all relevant aspects of developing countries' insertion in global trade markets. Overall, the paper underscores the role of capabilities not only on developing countries' macroeconomic resilience to trade shocks, but also on their medium-term development prospects.","PeriodicalId":308623,"journal":{"name":"UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers","volume":"81 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131720979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Role of External Audits in Enhancing Transparency and Accountability for the Sustainable Development Goals 外部审计在提高可持续发展目标透明度和问责制方面的作用

UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18356/3FE94447-EN

Aránzazu Guilán Montero, D. Blanc

{"title":"The Role of External Audits in Enhancing Transparency and Accountability for the Sustainable Development Goals","authors":"Aránzazu Guilán Montero, D. Blanc","doi":"10.18356/3FE94447-EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/3FE94447-EN","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the involvement of supreme audit institutions (SAIs) in auditing the preparedness of governments for implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) since 2015. These audits have covered institutional arrangements put in place to implement the SDGs, the mobilization of resources, and monitoring and evaluation frameworks. SDG preparedness audits have produced valuable information that is not necessarily available from other national processes linked with SDG follow-up and review. As such, audit recommendations can be a powerful tool to help governments improve SDG implementation. The paper reflects on the impact that SDG audits have made, and on the challenges and opportunities for SAIs that have engaged in this exercise. While many of these challenges are generic to the work of SAIs, SDG audits also present specific political, institutional and technical problems. Finally, the paper explores questions that this new area of engagement poses for SAIs, including the long-term prospects for institutionalization of SDG audits and the relationship with other accountability mechanisms for the SDGs at the national level.","PeriodicalId":308623,"journal":{"name":"UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Working Papers","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125714507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10