Landslides [Working Title]最新文献

Empirical Rainfall Thresholds for Landslide Occurrence in Serra do Mar, Angra dos Reis, Brazil 巴西安格拉多斯赖斯山区滑坡发生的经验降雨阈值

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100244

D. Germain, Sébastien Roy, Antonio Jose Teixera Guerra

{"title":"Empirical Rainfall Thresholds for Landslide Occurrence in Serra do Mar, Angra dos Reis, Brazil","authors":"D. Germain, Sébastien Roy, Antonio Jose Teixera Guerra","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100244","url":null,"abstract":"In the tropical environment such as Brazil, the frequency of rainfall-induced landslides is particularly high because of the rugged terrain, heavy rainfall, increasing urbanization, and the orographic effect of mountain ranges. Since such landslides repeatedly interfere with human activities and infrastructures, improved knowledge related to spatial and temporal prediction of the phenomenon is of interest for risk management. This study is an analysis of empirical rainfall thresholds, which aims to establish local and regional scale correlations between rainfall and the triggering of landslides in Angra dos Reis in the State of Rio de Janeiro. A statistical analysis combining quantile regression and binary logistic regression was performed on 1640 and 526 landslides triggered by daily rainfall over a 6-year period in the municipality and the urban center of Angra dos Reis, in order to establish probabilistic rainfall duration thresholds and assess the role of antecedent rainfall. The results show that the frequency of landslides is highly correlated with rainfall events, and surprisingly the thresholds in dry season are lower than those in wet season. The aspect of the slopes also seems to play an important role as demonstrated by the different thresholds between the southern and northern regions. Finally, the results presented in this study provide new insight into the spatial and temporal dynamics of landslides and rainfall conditions leading to their activation in this tropical and mountainous environment.","PeriodicalId":308347,"journal":{"name":"Landslides [Working Title]","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126327607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Landslide Analysis over Creep Theory - Crack Propagation of Shale Slopes in Şırnak Asphaltite Coal Mine Site 1 and 2 基于蠕变理论的滑坡分析——Şırnak沥青矿1、2区页岩边坡裂缝扩展

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.101035

Yıldırım İsmail Tosun

{"title":"Landslide Analysis over Creep Theory - Crack Propagation of Shale Slopes in Şırnak Asphaltite Coal Mine Site 1 and 2","authors":"Yıldırım İsmail Tosun","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.101035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101035","url":null,"abstract":"The soft rock and wet slopes increase landslides over 50 m long creep slide and risk assessment for long steep slide in Şırnak open-pit coal mining should be searched in asphaltite quarries. The Avgamasya quarries No1 and 2 at critical depths and road bench sites in Şırnak, reaching over 120 m height with 60–65° shale slopes, developing major creep factors and other factors for landslide in the deep quarry locations is resulting debris rock falling or free sliding. The pore pressure measurements by measurements of water levels in four wells and water flow counting as the mining safety in recent years. This research provided rock slope stability patterns and crack propagation control of the hazardous location and formation cracks. The stages of creep experimentation explored the geophysical characteristics and thaw and freeze testing of rock samples. For this aim, two different long sliding areas with similar geoseismical conditions, two main analyzing methods, and patterns of researches were developed. Firstly, data on crack propagation in situ rock shale faces over certain time periods were determined. Displacement measurements over highly saturated shale—limestone contacts over the base of crack counting in a meter scale such as Rock Quality Designation (RQD) scoring of drilling logs. Secondly, hydrological water level logs were taken into consideration. On the other hand, due to that creep effect over freeze crack propagation unseen cause instability over wet sliding surfaces over 50 m, long sliding surface matter over slopes, poly linear or circle type creep sliding or rock tumbling falling failure types, and GEO5 slope stability, slice analysis will be advantageous instead of Finite Element Method (FEM) method.","PeriodicalId":308347,"journal":{"name":"Landslides [Working Title]","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123276117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Landslide Inventory, Susceptibility, Hazard and Risk Mapping 滑坡库存，易感性，危害和风险绘图

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-11-20 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100504

Azemeraw Wubalem

{"title":"Landslide Inventory, Susceptibility, Hazard and Risk Mapping","authors":"Azemeraw Wubalem","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100504","url":null,"abstract":"Landslide is that the downslope movement of debris, rocks, or earth material under the influence of the force of gravity. Although the causes and mechanisms of landslides are complicated, human action, earthquakes, and severe rainfall can trigger them. It can happen when the driving force surpasses the resisting force due to natural soil or rock slope destabilization. Landslide is one of the foremost destructive and dangerous natural hazards that cause numerous fatalities and economic losses worldwide. Therefore, landslide investigation, susceptibility, hazard, and risk mapping are vital tasks to disaster loss reduction and performance as a suggestion for sustainable land use planning. The determination of the cause variables, identification of existing landslides, and production of a landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk map are all necessary steps in the mitigation of landslide incidence on the globe. Landslide susceptibility, hazard, and risk maps are the outcome of a statistical relationship between environmental conditions and previously occurring landslides. It provides critical scientific support for the government’s reaction to land use practices and the management of landslide threats. The type, concept of landslides, factor, inventories, susceptibility, hazard, and risk, as well as mapping and validation methodologies, have all been examined in this chapter. The distinction between landslide susceptibility and hazard has surely been debated.","PeriodicalId":308347,"journal":{"name":"Landslides [Working Title]","volume":"196 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131545053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Landslide Mitigation through Biocementation 通过生物胶结缓解滑坡

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100271

Azizul Moqsud

{"title":"Landslide Mitigation through Biocementation","authors":"Azizul Moqsud","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.100271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100271","url":null,"abstract":"Landslide and other geo-disasters are causing a great damage to people and the resources all over the world. An environment friendly countermeasure of landslide disasters is necessary. Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a bio-cementation process that can improve the geotechnical properties of granular soils through the precipitation of calcium carbonate (calcite) at soil particle contacts. This MICP can be an environment friendly solution for the biocementation of soil. In this study, an evaluation of biocemented soil has been carried out through direct shear test and direct simple shear test. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) tests were conducted to analysis the calcite precipitation inside the biotreated soil by bacteria by using Toyoura sand and silica sand no. 4. It was observed that the amount of calcite generated in silica sand was larger than Toyoura sand. The particle shape influences the result of calcite precipitation and consequent strength of the bio-cemented sand. The amount of strength which was obtained by direct shear test and direct simple shear test indicated the granular soil became bio-stabilized within 7 days of application of nutrients from the surface. However, the amount of generated calcite was not uniformed in different layers while applying the nutrients and bacterial from the surface which was revealed by X-ray CT scan test.","PeriodicalId":308347,"journal":{"name":"Landslides [Working Title]","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115817231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection and Warning of Tsunamis Generated by Marine Landslides 海洋滑坡引发的海啸探测与预警

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99914

M. Heron

{"title":"Detection and Warning of Tsunamis Generated by Marine Landslides","authors":"M. Heron","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.99914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99914","url":null,"abstract":"Seismic signals provide an effective early detection of tsunamis that are generated by earthquakes, and for epicentres in the hard-rock subduction zones there is a robust analysis procedure that uses a global network of seismometers. For earthquakes with epicentres in soft layers in the upper subduction zones the processes are slower and the seismic signals have lower frequencies. For these soft-rock earthquakes a given earthquake magnitude can produce a bigger tsunami amplitude than the same earthquake magnitude in a hard rock rupture. Numerical modelling for the propagation from earthquake-generated tsunamis can predict time of arrivals at distant coastal impact zones. A global network of deep-water pressure sensors is used to detect and confirm tsunamis in the open ocean. Submarine landslide and coastal collapse tsunamis, meteo-tsunamis, and other disturbances with no significant seismicity must rely on the deep-water pressure sensors and HF radar for detection and warning. Local observations by HF radar at key impact sites detect and confirm tsunami time and amplitude in the order of 20–60 minutes before impact. HF radar systems that were developed for mapping the dynamics of coastal currents have demonstrated a capability to detect tsunamis within about 80 km of the coast and where the water depth is less than 200 m. These systems have now been optimised for tsunami detection and some installations are operating continuously to provide real-time data into tsunami warning centres. The value of a system to warn of hazards is realised only when coastal communities are informed and aware of the dangers.","PeriodicalId":308347,"journal":{"name":"Landslides [Working Title]","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121898128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Landslide and Land Subsident Using Geophysical Method in the East Java Province, Indonesia 印度尼西亚东爪哇省滑坡与地面沉降的地球物理分析

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.100160

A. Susilo, S. Sunaryo, E. Suryo, T. Rachmawati, M. Sutasoma

引用次数: 1

The Effect of Aspect on Landslide and Its Relationship with Other Parameters 坡向对滑坡的影响及其与其他参数的关系

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99389

S. Çellek

引用次数: 3

Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility of Şavşat District of Artvin Province (Turkey) Using Machine Learning Techniques 基于机器学习技术的土耳其阿尔特温省Şavşat地区滑坡易感性评价

Landslides [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-09-02 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.99864

H. Akıncı, M. Zeybek, S. Dogan

{"title":"Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility of Şavşat District of Artvin Province (Turkey) Using Machine Learning Techniques","authors":"H. Akıncı, M. Zeybek, S. Dogan","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.99864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99864","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to produce landslide susceptibility maps of Şavşat district of Artvin Province using machine learning (ML) models and to compare the predictive performances of the models used. Tree-based ensemble learning models, including random forest (RF), gradient boosting machines (GBM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were used in the study. A landslide inventory map consisting of 85 landslide polygons was used in the study. The inventory map comprises 32,777 landslide pixels at 30 m resolution. Randomly selected 70% of the landslide pixels were used for training the models and the remaining 30% were used for the validation of the models. In susceptibility analysis, altitude, aspect, curvature, distance to drainage network, distance to faults, distance to roads, land cover, lithology, slope, slope length, and topographic wetness index parameters were used. The validation of the models was conducted using success and prediction rate curves. The validation results showed that the success rates for the GBM, RF, and XGBoost models were 91.6%, 98.4%, and 98.6%, respectively, whereas the prediction rate were 91.4%, 97.9%, and 98.1%, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that landslide susceptibility map produced with XGBoost model can help decision makers in reducing landslide-associated damages in the study area.","PeriodicalId":308347,"journal":{"name":"Landslides [Working Title]","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114367761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4