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Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review最新文献

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Minimally Conscious State and Persistent Vegetative State 最低意识状态和持续植物人状态
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0141
David T Jones
{"title":"Minimally Conscious State and Persistent Vegetative State","authors":"David T Jones","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0141","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in critical care medicine have allowed for more patients to survive catastrophic brain injuries. However, the degree of recovery from serious neurologic injury is highly variable. An acute, severe neurologic insult can cause a state of pathologic unconsciousness referred to as a coma. Common causes of brain injuries leading to a comatose state include cardiac arrest, a severe vascular event, a profound metabolic disturbance (eg, hypoglycemia), carbon monoxide or other poisoning, intoxications, or overdoses. The duration of a comatose state is rarely longer than days to weeks.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132710951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Intensive Care After Craniotomy 开颅后的重症监护
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0107
K. Gassie, Belinda G. Bradley, R. Wharen, Betty S Kim
{"title":"Intensive Care After Craniotomy","authors":"K. Gassie, Belinda G. Bradley, R. Wharen, Betty S Kim","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Technologic advances and a better understanding of the pathophysiologic basis of neurologic diseases have greatly improved the care of critically ill patients after neurosurgical procedures. Risk factors for the development of adverse events have been identified, and early identification and treatment of complications are essential. This chapter provides an overview of the initial evaluation of patients for intensive care unit admission after intracranial procedures, general care of those patients, and specific management strategies for early detection and treatment of complications.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130621316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Myopathy and Neuropathy Acquired in the Intensive Care Unit 在重症监护室获得的肌病和神经病
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0097
P. Dhawan, J. Tracy
{"title":"Myopathy and Neuropathy Acquired in the Intensive Care Unit","authors":"P. Dhawan, J. Tracy","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0097","url":null,"abstract":"Acquired weakness in critically ill patients is common, affecting between one-third to one-half of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Exposure to simultaneous stressors such as metabolic derangements, fluid and electrolyte shifts, infection, catabolic stress, and medications put patients in the ICU at risk for damage to both nerve and skeletal muscle with substantial and often lasting morbidity. Critical illness polyneuropathy is a length-dependent, axonal peripheral neuropathy occurring in patients in the ICU and unrelated to the primary illness. Critical illness myopathy is an ICU-associated muscle disorder occurring independently of denervation and uniquely identified by electrophysiologic and histologic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131366138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pulmonary Embolism: An Overview 肺栓塞:综述
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0020
B. Nokes, R. Cartin-Ceba
{"title":"Pulmonary Embolism: An Overview","authors":"B. Nokes, R. Cartin-Ceba","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major public health concern with an annual incidence of 1 per 1,000 patients in the United States. VTE encompasses a spectrum of diseases including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). DVT is a precursor to PE, and approximately 80% of patients have DVT when PE is diagnosed. The risk factors for PE are the same as those for DVT; consequently, diagnosis and management of VTE are contingent on the underlying risk factors and the extent of disease. A suspected VTE diagnosis should be pursued with risk stratification tools such as the Wells DVT and PE criteria and the Revised Geneva Score for PE. This chapter reviews PE diagnosis, risk stratification, and management.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122784023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hematologic and Oncologic Complications in the Intensive Care Unit 重症监护病房的血液和肿瘤并发症
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0051
Carl Ruthman, J. Yataco
{"title":"Hematologic and Oncologic Complications in the Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Carl Ruthman, J. Yataco","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0051","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with cancer can present to the ICU with the complications and conditions of the general population, but a few are particular to their type of cancer or treatment. Some of the most common of cancer-related ICU complications are reviewed in this chapter, particularly those that need complex and urgent management.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122868562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical Ventilation: Advanced Modes 机械通风:高级模式
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0003
Amelia Lowell, Bhavesh M Patel
{"title":"Mechanical Ventilation: Advanced Modes","authors":"Amelia Lowell, Bhavesh M Patel","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of mechanical ventilation is to support the physiologic processes of oxygenation and ventilation and to reduce the work of breathing. The present chapter focuses on advanced modes and modalities of therapy for patients receiving mechanical ventilation. The term advanced must be interpreted with caution because the use of many of the newer modes of ventilation is not supported with substantial evidence of superiority to the basic modes of ventilation for patient outcomes. Rather, advanced refers to the engineering controls and the proposed patient benefits.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116499871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antibiotics in the Intensive Care Unit 加护病房的抗生素
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0059
D. S. Aviles, W. Hellinger
{"title":"Antibiotics in the Intensive Care Unit","authors":"D. S. Aviles, W. Hellinger","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0059","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial therapy is a critical component in the management of many infections. Antimicrobial therapy should not be initiated before infection with a susceptible pathogen is suspected or confirmed or before appropriate diagnostic specimens, including those for cultures, are collected. Recognizing indications for antibiotic administration and appropriately selecting antimicrobial agents based on clinical and microbiologic findings are required. Distinguishing between empiric prescribing, when infection syndromes and pathogens are suspected, and therapeutic prescribing, when infection syndromes are confirmed and pathogens identified, is critically important.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126296093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diagnosis and Management of Hemispheric Infarction 半脑梗死的诊断与治疗
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0078
S. Grewal, Benjamin Brown
{"title":"Diagnosis and Management of Hemispheric Infarction","authors":"S. Grewal, Benjamin Brown","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0078","url":null,"abstract":"Hemispheric infarction is a major cause of morbidity and death among patients with acute stroke. These patients must receive a timely diagnosis and treatment for the best outcomes. Treatment is often multimodal and requires close and meaningful communication with the patient and family about management options and the risks and benefits of each.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131855368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fluoroscopy: Principles and Safety 透视术:原理和安全性
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0111
D. Sella, G. Sturchio, B. Schueler
{"title":"Fluoroscopy: Principles and Safety","authors":"D. Sella, G. Sturchio, B. Schueler","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0111","url":null,"abstract":"Fluoroscopy is a valuable tool that can be used in critically ill patients. Detrimental effects on a patient physiologically and on hospital resources from unnecessary transport can be minimized with bedside procedures performed by an appropriately trained team. Operators must understand the basics of fluoroscopic imaging systems, radiation dose, and the ways in which exposure can be limited to both patients and personnel to avoid undesirable effects.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131994446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chest and Abdominal Trauma 胸部和腹部创伤
Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0063
J. Hughes, D. S. Morris
{"title":"Chest and Abdominal Trauma","authors":"J. Hughes, D. S. Morris","doi":"10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MED/9780190862923.003.0063","url":null,"abstract":"Injuries to the chest or abdomen frequently affect management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neurocritical care clinicians must be familiar with management principles for these injuries. This chapter reviews common injuries to the torso, with particular attention to problems affecting neurologic management, but it cannot provide an exhaustive list of injuries and management principles for this broad topic. Close interaction with clinicians familiar with the management of nonneurologic traumatic injury is recommended.","PeriodicalId":308040,"journal":{"name":"Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126582807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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