Z-Medicine eJournal最新文献

Do Kidney Exchanges Improve Patient Outcomes? 肾脏交换能改善病人的预后吗?

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2018-10-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2943048

Keith F. Teltser

引用次数: 10

The Effect of Mandatory Iodine Fortification on Cognitive Test Scores in Rural India 强制性碘强化对印度农村认知测试成绩的影响

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2018-04-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3170585

Wiktoria Tafesse

引用次数: 3

Gamified Challenges in Online Weight-Loss Communities 在线减肥社区的游戏化挑战

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2018-04-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3157331

Behnaz Bojd, Xiaolong Song, Yong Tan, Xiangbin Yan

{"title":"Gamified Challenges in Online Weight-Loss Communities","authors":"Behnaz Bojd, Xiaolong Song, Yong Tan, Xiangbin Yan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3157331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3157331","url":null,"abstract":"Gamified challenges, one of the most popular features of online weight-loss communities, enable users to set weight-loss goals and compete with other challenge participants via leaderboards. Using the data from a leading online weight-loss community, we study the effect of gamified challenges on the weight-loss outcome. Our findings indicate that participation in gamified challenges has a positive and significant effect on weight loss. We found that, on average, the participants achieved a weight loss of 0.742 kg by participating in at least one challenge a month. We found that effective challenges do not include a numeric weight goal (e.g., lose 5 kg), focus on exercise-only behavioral goals, and have a large active group size. Further, the results show that the absence (presence) of a numeric weight goal benefits users in exercise (diet) challenges. Moreover, a small active group size can help (hurt) users in exercise (diet) challenges. Our results suggest that gamification elements that induce competition should be used with caution in goal-setting environments, especially when gamifying dietary goals. Online weight-loss communities can recommend a useful combination of numeric weight goals, behavioral goals, and an optimal number of participants in each challenge to induce an encouraging level of social comparison.","PeriodicalId":307802,"journal":{"name":"Z-Medicine eJournal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115534516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Insurance Expansions and Children's Use of Substance Use Disorder Treatment 扩大保险和儿童使用物质使用障碍治疗

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.3386/w24499

S. Hamersma, C. MacLean

{"title":"Insurance Expansions and Children's Use of Substance Use Disorder Treatment","authors":"S. Hamersma, C. MacLean","doi":"10.3386/w24499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w24499","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides the first evidence on the effects of U.S. state-level private and public insurance expansions on specialty substance use disorder (SUD) treatment use among children ages 12 to 18. We examine both private and public expansions over the period 1996 to 2010. Public insurance expansions are measured by changes in income thresholds for Medicaid and the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). Private expansions are generated by state laws that compel private insurers to cover SUD treatment services at ‘parity’ with general healthcare services. We apply differences-in-differences regression models and leverage an all-payer admissions dataset. Our findings suggest that expansions, both private and public, lead to increases in admissions to treatment and increased insurance coverage among children in treatment. After public expansions, we find that treated children are more likely to be younger and to have previous experience with treatment, but less likely to be referred by the criminal justice system. We find no evidence that public expansions crowd out adult admissions, and in fact both public and private expansions increase at least some types of admissions among adults.","PeriodicalId":307802,"journal":{"name":"Z-Medicine eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117144269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Right to Health and Role of Mental Health Institutions in Kerala 喀拉拉邦的健康权和精神卫生机构的作用

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2018-03-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3153420

S. V

{"title":"Right to Health and Role of Mental Health Institutions in Kerala","authors":"S. V","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3153420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3153420","url":null,"abstract":"The preamble of the charter of the W.H.O formed in 1948, defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely absence of disease or infirmity. Mental illness has reached an alarming proportion over the globe and has become a vitally important issue for the nations in terms of morbidity, mortality and huge economic burden. In India there are multiple models of health care services are operating, under government services, private services and non-governmental services. Mental Health service includes both long-term hospital services as well as community mental health services, launched under the District Mental Health Programme. Mental health policies, legislation, community care facilities, and treatments for people with mental illness are not given the priority they deserve. Health being State subject in India and much depends on the ability of the State governments to allocate higher budgetary support to health sector. Kerala, the widely acknowledged state for it’s improvement in quality of life, now facing a severe crisis related to public health with increasing male suicides and increasing atrocities against women. The paper discusses the issues of right to mental health, health care facilities offered through various mental health institutions and to suggest suitable measures to enhance mental health through various institutional intervention.","PeriodicalId":307802,"journal":{"name":"Z-Medicine eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131670811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Minimum Wages and Public Health: A Literature Review 最低工资与公共卫生:文献综述

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2018-02-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3176217

J. P. Leigh, Wesley Leigh, Juan Du

{"title":"Minimum Wages and Public Health: A Literature Review","authors":"J. P. Leigh, Wesley Leigh, Juan Du","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3176217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3176217","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluate evidence for the effectiveness of raising minimum wages on various measures of public health within the US, Canada, the UK, and Europe. We search four scientific websites from the inception of the research through May 20, 2018. We find great variety (20+) in measured outcomes among the 33 studies that pass our initial screening. We establish quality standards in a second screening resulting in 15 studies in which we create outcome-based groups. Outcomes include four broad measures (general overall health, behavior, mental health, and birth weight) and eight narrow measures (self-reported health, \"bad\" health days, unmet medical need, smoking, problem-drinking, obesity, eating vegetables, and exercise). We establish criteria for \"stronger\" findings for outcomes and methods. Stronger findings include: $1 increases in minimum wages are associated with 1.4 percentage point (4% evaluated at mean) decreases in smoking prevalence; failure to reject null hypotheses that minimum wages have no effects for most outcomes; and no consistent evidence that minimum wages harm health. One \"suggestive\" finding is that the best-designed studies have well-defined treatment (or likely affected) and control (unaffected) groups and contain longitudinal data. The major methodological weaknesses afflicting many studies are the lack of focus on persons likely affected by minimum wages and omission of \"falsification tests\" on persons likely unaffected. An additional weakness is lack of attention to how findings might differ across populations such as teenagers, adults, men, women, continuously employed and unemployed persons. Research into health effects of minimum wages is in its infancy and growing rapidly. We present a list of \"better practices\" for future research.","PeriodicalId":307802,"journal":{"name":"Z-Medicine eJournal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129673998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

From Electronic Health Records to Digital Health Biographies 从电子健康记录到数字健康传记

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2018-02-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3169529

Robert F. Graboyes, Darcy Bryan

引用次数: 0

Pharma Payments and Physician Concentration: An Empirical Analysis 医药支付与医师集中度:一个实证分析

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2017-11-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3188322

Raymond J. March

引用次数: 0

Biofidel FEA Modeling of Customized Hybrid Biological Hip Joint Design Part II: Flexible Stem Trabecular Prostheses 定制混合生物髋关节设计的生物有限元建模第二部分:柔性柄小梁假体

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2016-12-16 DOI: 10.3844/AJBBSP.2016.277.285

R. Aversa, F. Petrescu, R. Petrescu, A. Apicella

引用次数: 13

On Religious and Secular Exemptions. A Case Study of Childhood Vaccination Waivers 关于宗教和世俗豁免。儿童疫苗豁免个案研究

Z-Medicine eJournal Pub Date : 2016-07-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2807903

R. Pierik

{"title":"On Religious and Secular Exemptions. A Case Study of Childhood Vaccination Waivers","authors":"R. Pierik","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2807903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2807903","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses exemptions to general law through the prism of vaccine waivers in the United States. All US states legally require the vaccination of children prior to school or daycare entry, however this obligation is accompanied with a system of medical, religious and/or philosophical exemptions. Nonmedical exemptions became subject of discussion after the 2015 Disneyland measles outbreak in California, which unequivocally brought to light what had been brewing below the surface for a while: a slow but steady decline in vaccination rates in Western societies, resulting in the reoccurrence of measles outbreaks. This can be traced back to an increasing public questioning of vaccines by a growing anti-vaccination movement. In reaction to the outbreak and the public outrage it generated, several states proposed – and some already passed – Bills to eliminate nonmedical exemptions. I analyze two questions. First, can legal exemptions to mandatory childhood vaccination schemes for parents who oppose to vaccination (still) be justified? Second, should legal exemptions be limited to religious objections to vaccination, or should it also be granted to secular objections? Although the argument in the paper starts from the example of the USA, it seeks to provide a more general philosophical reflection on the question of exemptions to mandatory childhood vaccination.","PeriodicalId":307802,"journal":{"name":"Z-Medicine eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129368992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10