Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7最新文献

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Determining the Impact of Microclimatic Variables on Human Comfort; A Case Study of Akure Urban Environment, Nigeria 确定小气候变量对人体舒适度的影响尼日利亚阿库雷城市环境案例研究

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7 Pub Date : 2021-08-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/3329f

D. Alaigba, O. Fabiyi, O. Akinnawo

{"title":"Determining the Impact of Microclimatic Variables on Human Comfort; A Case Study of Akure Urban Environment, Nigeria","authors":"D. Alaigba, O. Fabiyi, O. Akinnawo","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/3329f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/3329f","url":null,"abstract":"This study involved the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) to examine variation of physiologic comfort of the people living in Akure urban environment using physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index. PET value was generated from both micro-climatic parameters and thermo-physiological data measured, using Rayman model because of its ability to generate mean radiant temperature and PET that are useful in thermo-physiological heat balance model. It also examined the responses from sampled population across different land uses, which formed the main objective of the study: that is, to analyze the spatial pattern of human comfort using physiological equivalent temperature index across different land use types in the study area. Result showed that thermal heat stress are found spatially and temporally (6:00; 12:00 and 18:00 local standard time, LST) within the study area as high as (41-55) °C due to different activities in each of the land uses studied. Result also indicated that many of the respondents were yet to have an understanding about thermal stress and its effects. The recommendation from this study is that data should be measured during days of dry season and improvement should be made in the area of tree planting and urban greenery.","PeriodicalId":306249,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128954805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determining the Atmospheric Variation and Future Climate Change: An Approach Based on Paleoclimate Studies 确定大气变化和未来气候变化:基于古气候研究的方法

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7 Pub Date : 2021-08-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/11774d

V. Pandey

{"title":"Determining the Atmospheric Variation and Future Climate Change: An Approach Based on Paleoclimate Studies","authors":"V. Pandey","doi":"10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/11774d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/11774d","url":null,"abstract":"After the industrial revolution in 18th century, Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has been increases rapidly and predicted the impact of global warming. Atmosphere is made up of various gasses and overall compositions of gasses are constant for the development of the ecosystem. Minor variation in the atmospheric composition, impacted the Earth weather and climate pattern. As increase in CO2 and other greenhouse gases absorbed the sun radiation and increase the temperature of earth. During the Paleo-climatic studies it was observed that climate change happened several times in geological past. Atmospheric concentration varies due to various natural reasons. The CO2 concentration was much higher and oxygen was very low during early atmospheric condition. The concentration of CO2 were varies from 7000 part per million (PPM) to 350 PPM, Oxygen (O2) varies 1% to 35%, sea level 450 m high to (-)50 m low from present sea level and Earth average temperature varies between 29°C to 11°C. Sun brightness was varying 95% to 100% compared to present. Earth had faced various warm and cold phases during the geological past. Presently we are (human) living in small time cycle of Earth and its need of study regarding the future climate of earth. Regarding this, trying to discuss Paleo-climatic variation throughout the Geological time, affecting factors and observed that average atmospheric concentration of CO2, O2, Earth’s average temperature and sea level was much higher than present level. Based on observed data, prepared the impact of CO2 & O2 on flora, fauna & natural disaster. Also prepared the line diagram and suggested that atmospheric concentration of CO2, O2, Earth’s average temperature and sea level would be increased naturally in future and affect the ecosystem by various natural way.","PeriodicalId":306249,"journal":{"name":"Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127107717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occurrence and Distribution of Mycorrhiza in Industrial Areas of Kota, Rajasthan, India 印度拉贾斯坦邦哥打工业区菌根的发生和分布

Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7 Pub Date : 2021-08-07 DOI: 10.9734/bpi/ciees/v7/3930f

S. Rajpurohit, P. Jaiswal

引用次数: 0

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