Psychiatry Journal最新文献

{"title":"The Relationship between Symptoms and Social Functioning over the Course of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder.","authors":"Sei Ogawa,&nbsp;Risa Imai,&nbsp;Masako Suzuki,&nbsp;Toshi A Furukawa,&nbsp;Tatsuo Akechi","doi":"10.1155/2020/3186450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3186450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study is aimed at investigating the relationship between changes in symptoms and changes in social functioning during cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-six patients with SAD were treated with manualized group CBT. Measures of social anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, cognition, and social functioning were administered at baseline and endpoint. Using multiple regression analysis, we examined the associations between the changes in four aspects (work, home management, social leisure activities, and private leisure activities) of social functioning as dependent variables and the changes in four factors (social interaction, public speaking, observation by others, and eating and drinking in public) in social anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and cognition as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The changes in work functioning were predicted by the changes in the public speaking factor in social anxiety symptoms. The changes in depression symptoms predicted the changes in home management. The significant predictors of changes in social leisure activities were the changes in the social interaction factor and depression symptoms. The changes in private leisure activities were predicted by the changes in the observation by others factor. The changes in cognition predicted nothing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study suggested that the changes in social anxiety or depression symptoms may predict several aspects of social functioning changes in patients with SAD over the course of CBT. In order to improve social functioning, our results may be useful for selecting the fear or feared situation in CBT for SAD. <i>Trial Registration</i>. The clinical study registration number in the Japanese trials registry is UMIN CTR 000031147.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3186450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38499050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Prevalence and Predictors of Postpartum Depression: Northwest Ethiopia\".","authors":"Eyerusalem Desta Zelalem,&nbsp;Mengstu Melkamu Asaye,&nbsp;Haymanot Alem Muche","doi":"10.1155/2020/9084894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9084894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/9565678.].</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9084894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38409921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Real-Life Outcomes in Schizophrenia Patients according to Compliance.","authors":"Zaina P Qureshi,&nbsp;Rezaul Khandker,&nbsp;Jason Shepherd,&nbsp;Salome Samant,&nbsp;Farid Chekani,&nbsp;Hollie M L Bailey","doi":"10.1155/2020/5848601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5848601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe and compare demographics, outcomes and comorbidities in schizophrenia patients by treatment compliance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional survey of hospital- or office-based psychiatrists who saw ≥6 schizophrenia patients per week and were responsible for treatment decisions. Recruited physicians completed a patient record form (PRF) for their first 10 consulted schizophrenia patients aged ≥18. These patients voluntarily completed a patient self-completion form (PSC). Compliance was measured by subjective physician assessment. Drivers of and outcomes associated with compliance were identified by regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 150 physicians completed PRFs for 1489 patients (706 sometimes compliant (SC), 636 always compliant (AC)). A total of 680 patients completed a PSC (327 SC, 295 AC). AC patients were less likely to be male (52.2% vs. 58.6%; <i>P</i> = 0.021) and unemployed (odds ratio (OR) 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82-1.00; <i>P</i> < 0.001) or to have had a treatment regimen change (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.40-0.80; <i>P</i> = 0.001) than SC patients. AC patients were less likely to have had more comorbidities (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.82-1.00; <i>P</i> = 0.045) and hospitalizations in the past 12 months (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43-0.80; <i>P</i> = 0.001) than SC patients. Overall, AC patients had better clinical and humanistic outcomes. Weight gain was a common side effect for all patients; SC patients with weight gain had poorer outcomes than those without weight gain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Schizophrenia patients that were SC experienced poorer clinical outcomes and quality of life. Weight gain may exacerbate these poorer outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5848601","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38386942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Associated Factors among Patients with Schizophrenia Attending Follow-Up Treatment at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Defaru Desalegn, Shimelis Girma, Worknesh Tessema, Eyerusalem Yeshigeta, Teshome Kebeta","doi":"10.1155/2020/4065082","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/4065082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schizophrenia is one of the most severe, chronic, and disabling mental disorders found globally. The chronic nature of the illness significantly interferes with functioning and results in a poor quality of life, but little is known about the quality of life among schizophrenia patients, in particular in low-income countries. Therefore, we assessed the quality of life and associated factors among patients with schizophrenia attending Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 352 study participants using a systematic random sampling technique from June to July 2018. Patients' sociodemographic characteristic, quality of life, psychopathology, medication adherence, comorbid physical illness, and substance use disorder were assessed. Data entry and analysis were done using EpiData version 3.1 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0, respectively. Variables with a <i>P</i> value < 0.05 in the final multiple regression models were declared to be associated with the outcome variable. <i>The Results</i>. The response rate of the study was 99.7%. The mean (±standard deviation) score of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Short Version Scale was 74.34 ± 15.83. Positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psychopathologies, comorbid physical illness, khat use disorder, tobacco use disorder, and medication nonadherence were negatively associated with patient quality of life. However, monthly income was found to be positively associated with quality of life. <i>Conclusion and Recommendation</i>. The mean and standard deviation of the quality of life of people with schizophrenia is found to be 74.34 ± 15.83 in this study. The social relationship domain was found with the lowest mean score. Therefore, priority interventions need to be implemented to improve the social deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7456476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38359663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internalized Stigma and Associated Factors among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder at the Outpatient Department of Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Yadeta Alemayehu,&nbsp;Demeke Demilew,&nbsp;Getachew Asfaw,&nbsp;Henock Asfaw,&nbsp;Nigus Alemnew,&nbsp;Agitu Tadesse","doi":"10.1155/2020/7369542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7369542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Internalized stigma has been found to be widespread among patients with major depressive disorder. When internalized stigma exists in patients with depression at a high level, it worsens the treatment outcome and quality of life. So the aim of the study is to assess the magnitude of internalized stigma and associated factors among outpatients with major depressive disorder at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 415 respondents from May 6 to June 13, 2019. Internalized stigma was assessed by using the internalized stigma of mental illness scale. Data was entered to Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic analysis was done, and <i>p</i> values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant with 95% CI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of high internalized stigma among patients with major depressive disorder was 33.5% (95% CI: 29.2, 38.3). Being single (AOR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.30, 4.95), having an illness greater than or equal to 2 years of duration (AOR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.66, 6.19), history of suicidal attempt (AOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.35, 3.99), nonadherence to treatment (AOR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.62, 5.29), poor social support (AOR = 4.72, 95% CI: 2.09, 10.64), and poor quality of life (AOR = 3.16, 95% CI: 1.82, 5.49) were significantly associated with high internalized stigma at <i>p</i> value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The magnitude of internalized stigma was high among patients with major depressive disorder. Reduction of internalized stigma through antistigma campaigns and supports given to patients at the earliest possible time is important to improve treatment outcome and quality of life and minimize suicidal behavior in patients with major depressive disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7369542","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38339347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression among HIV/AIDS-Infected Patients Attending ART Clinic at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Beyene Dorsisa,&nbsp;Gutema Ahimed,&nbsp;Susan Anand,&nbsp;Tariku Bekela","doi":"10.1155/2020/5414072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5414072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV is a chronic life-threatening illness and, like other similar chronic and stigmatizing illnesses, can be stressful to manage. Depression is a common mental health problem that deteriorates the quality of life of people with HIV/AIDS and found to be a strong predictor for noncompliance to antiretroviral therapy treatment. Therefore, epidemiological evidence on the factors associated with depression among patients with HIV/AIDS can contribute towards effective and efficient preventive health care strategies for this population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the prevalence and factors associated with depression among HIV/AIDS-infected patients attending ART clinic at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, in 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study followed an institution-based cross-sectional quantitative study design. A simple random sampling method yielded 303 participants who were interviewed from April to May 2018, using a pretested questionnaire, followed by their card review. The SPSS version 23 was used for bivariate analysis which was used to find out the significance of association. Variables that showed association in bivariate analysis at <i>p</i> value < 0.25 were entered to multivariable logistic regressions to control for confounders, and the significance of association was determined by 95% confidence interval and <i>p</i> value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The point prevalence of depression was 94 (31%). Variables like sex (AOR = 0.510 (95%CI = 0.264-0.986)), marital status (AOR = 3.610 (95%CI = 1.649-7.901)), opportunistic infection (AOR = 3.122 (95%CI = 1.700-5.733)), and medication adherence (AOR = 0.470 (95%CI = 0.266-0.831)) were significantly associated with depression. <i>Conclusion and Recommendation</i>. From the findings of this study, it is possible to conclude that depression was highly prevalent among people living with HIV/ADS. Sex, marital status, opportunistic infection, and medication adherence were found to be associated with depression and need attention from the health professional working in the ART clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5414072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38293511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Quality and Associated Factors among Peoples with Epilepsy Who Have a Follow-Up at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019: An Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Kemeriya Adem,&nbsp;Tilahun Kassew,&nbsp;Addis Birhanu,&nbsp;Ayalew Abate","doi":"10.1155/2020/1402712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1402712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep is an active cyclic biological phenomenon and necessary for survival. Individuals who suffer from sleep disturbance are less productive, decreased performance, and negative effects on mental health. Despite there are different studies on sleep quality in Ethiopia, no studies have been conducted on magnitude and predictors of sleep quality among people with epilepsy in the study setting.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess sleep quality and associated factors among people with epilepsy who have a follow-up at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed from May-June 2019. Systematic random sampling following face to face interview technique was employed. Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 statistical packages were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Frequencies, proportions, means, SDs, and cross-tabulations were used to summarize descriptive statistics of the data and tables, texts, and graphs were used for data presentation. To identify association and significant predictor with the outcome variable, binary logistic regression was fitted. The variable which has statistical significance was identified on the basis of <i>p</i> values ≤ 0.05 and AOR with 95% confident intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 423 participants have been enrolled to the study with a response rate of 98.1%. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among peoples live with epilepsy was found 65.4% (95% CI: 61.0, 69.9). Being female (AOR = 2.94; (95% CI; 1.79, 4.85)), having stress full life events (AOR = 2.38; (95% CI; 1.43, 3.97)), nonadherent to AED medication (AOR = 1.86; (95% CI; 1.05, 2.78), poly-therapy treatment (AOR = 2.24; (95% CI; 1.05, 2.78)), poor seizer control (AOR = 2.4; (95% CI; 2.21, 12.46)), comorbid medical illness (AOR = 2.6; (95% CI; 1.18, 5.61)), and anxiety (AOR = 2.54; (95% CI; 1.52,4.24)) were factors significantly associated with poor sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that more than half of the study participants were found to have poor sleep quality. So, considering the regular assessment of sleep quality and factors associated followed with appropriate intervention is recommended among peoples living with epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/1402712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38249049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass Psychogenic Illness in Haraza Elementary School, Erop District, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: Investigation to the Nature of an Episode.","authors":"Kiros Fenta Ajemu,&nbsp;Tewolde Wubayehu Weldearegay,&nbsp;Nega Mamo Bezabih,&nbsp;Yrgalem Meles,&nbsp;Goytom Mehari,&nbsp;Abraham Aregay Desta,&nbsp;Asfawosen Aregay Berhe,&nbsp;Micheale Jorjo,&nbsp;Ataklti Gebretsadik Weldegebriel,&nbsp;Tesfay Subagadis Gebru,&nbsp;Abenezer Tesfadingle","doi":"10.1155/2020/2693830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2693830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mass psychogenic illness has been documented for more than 600 years in a variety of cultural, ethnic, and religious settings. We aimed to assess the nature and characteristics of mass psychogenic illness and to evaluate community awareness and perception about the treatment they practiced in Haraza Elementary School, Erop district, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Haraza Elementary School from January to February, 2020. Students who were victims of an episode were subjects of the study. A total of twelve students were investigated using a semistructured questionnaire for a quantitative study. Seven key informant interviews were conducted using a guiding questionnaire. Quantitative data was analyzed using XL sheet while qualitative data were analyzed manually.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of study participants was 14 years (SD ± 1.3). The majority (87%) were teenage female students. The incident was an unspecified disease with psychiatric disorder, migraine, and syncope with no plausible organic causes. An important feature of migraine and syncope was their comorbidity with mass psychogenic illness. The community perceived that evil devil force and blaming the being as an evil eye were common causes of the occurrence of an episode.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lack of empirical knowledge and awareness about its management and prevention among community members and health professionals resulted exaggerated rumor that would perceive as newly emerging disease that affected school activities. Integrating MPI in PHEM package at health facility level, advocacy workshops for media, and other relevant stakeholders will minimize its impact for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/2693830","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38249050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Presentation and Treatment Response of Catatonia in Patients Admitted to the Psychiatric Inpatient Unit at Jimma University Medical Center, Ethiopia.","authors":"Yimenu Yitayih, Elias Tesfaye, Kristina Adorjan","doi":"10.1155/2020/8739546","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/8739546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Catatonia is among the most mysterious and poorly understood neuropsychiatric syndrome. It is underresearched and virtually forgotten but still a frequent neuropsychiatric phenotype in both developed and low-income countries. Catatonia is associated with a number of medical complications like pulmonary embolism, dehydration, or pneumonia if it is not treated and managed adequately. In Ethiopia, however, almost no studies are available to describe the symptoms and the response to treatment in patients with catatonia. The aim of this retrospective study was therefore to describe the symptom profile of catatonia and to evaluate the treatment and outcome of catatonia in patients admitted to the psychiatric inpatient unit at Jimma University, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Detailed treatment records of all inpatients were reviewed for the period from May 2018 to April 2019. All patients with catatonia at the inpatient unit of Jimma University Medical Center were assessed with the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS), and all comorbid psychiatric diagnoses were made according to the criteria of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual V. The presence and severity of catatonia were assessed by using the BFCRS at baseline and at discharge from the hospital.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>In the course of one year, a total of 18 patients with the diagnosis of catatonia were admitted. The mean age of the participants was 22.8 years (SD 5.0; range: 15 to 34 years). The most common diagnosis associated with catatonia was schizophrenia (<i>n</i> = 12; 66.7%), followed by severe depressive disorders (<i>n</i> = 4; 22.2%). Mutism, posture, and withdrawal were registered in all patients (<i>n</i> = 18, 100%). All patients received an injection of diazepam and had improved at discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides further evidence that catatonia is most commonly associated with schizophrenia, followed by major depressive disorder, and that mutism, posturing, and withdrawal are the most common signs and symptoms of catatonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38152941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Depression among Type-II Diabetic Patients Attending the Diabetic Clinic at Arar National Guard Primary Health Care Center, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Norah Muqbil Alhunayni,&nbsp;Amal Elwan Mohamed,&nbsp;Sabry Mohamed Hammad","doi":"10.1155/2020/9174818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9174818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a common comorbidity in type-II diabetic patients, which if undiagnosed leads to poor clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence and risk factors of depression among type-II diabetic patients attending the National Guard Diabetic Clinic in Arar city. <i>Subjects and methods</i>. This cross-sectional study included every third type-II diabetic patient attending the National Guard Primary Health Care Center between the 1^st of January and 31^st of March 2019. Participants were interviewed using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Patients who scored ≥5 were considered to have depression. Chi-square test (<i>χ</i> ²) was used to compare differences between categorical variables. <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total 422 diabetic patients approached for this study, 397 provided complete responses (94% response rate). Of these, 37% had depression: 23% mild, 9% moderate, and 5% severe. Diabetic patients with low education, poor income, and long duration of diabetes mellitus were found to be at higher risk of depression. Poor compliance with physical activities, diet regimen, family history of DM, and the presence of complications was also significantly associated with depression. On logistic regression analysis, low family income, duration of DM, poor compliance to physical activity, and presence of complications as neuropathy or libido were the main predictors of depression in diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than one-third of type-II diabetic patients had depression. Regular screening of type-II diabetic patients for depression is a necessity, as it can affect the clinical outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":30537,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/9174818","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38135970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}