Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development最新文献_第8页

PRICE INTERACTIONS AND CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CORN, EXCHANGE RATE AND ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES IN NIGERIA 尼日利亚玉米、汇率和动物蛋白来源之间的价格相互作用和因果关系

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01387

U. Onuche

{"title":"PRICE INTERACTIONS AND CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CORN, EXCHANGE RATE AND ANIMAL PROTEIN SOURCES IN NIGERIA","authors":"U. Onuche","doi":"10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01387","url":null,"abstract":"Price transmissions between corn, exchange rate, poultry meat, and fish were investigated using the data from OECD-FAO for the years 1990-2019, to establish the exist ence of long-term relationships between them and identify their directions of causality, in order to elicit investmentaiding facts. The augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, the Johansen cointegration approach and the Granger causality test were employed. Following the ADF test, all series are I(1), while the cointegration test indicates short-run dynamics between them. The Vector Autoregressive (VAR) system re veals that poultry meat price influences all variables, prices of poultry meat and exchange rate relate positively to their own lags, and exchange rate relates positively to lags of poultry meat prices. A positive relationship was noticed between fish price and lags of poultry meat price, while corn price relates positively with lags of poultry meat price. Granger causality tests indicate unidirectional drives from poultry price to fish price, the exchange rate to fish price and poultry meat price to corn price. Responses from prices of fish, corn and poultry to innovations from exchange rate are negative, while positive responses exist in other scenarios. Exchange rate stabilization will mitigate external risks, especially to the fisheries sector, while corn farmers can increase profits in the short-run by ex ploring knowledge of poultry meat price movements.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48527368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD SECURITY OF RURAL FARMERS IN LESOTHO: THE CASE OF KEYHOLE GARDENERS IN LERIBE DISTRICT 影响莱索托农村农民粮食安全的因素&以莱里贝区锁眼园丁为例

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01397

Brian Muroyiwa, Linakane Theresia Ts’elisang

{"title":"FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD SECURITY OF RURAL FARMERS IN LESOTHO: THE CASE OF KEYHOLE GARDENERS IN LERIBE DISTRICT","authors":"Brian Muroyiwa, Linakane Theresia Ts’elisang","doi":"10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01397","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of homestead vegetable gardening has gained importance due to the increasing rate of rural poverty in developing countries. Keyhole garden is not yet a particularly common variant of home gardens but it is becoming popular globally in both developing and developed countries due to its unique benefits related to sustainable farming practices. The main objective of the study is to determine factors that influence the food security of rural farmers in Lesotho utilising keyhole gardeners in Leribe district in Lesotho. The study used a purposive sampling method to select a sample of 110 respondents. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression models were used for data analysis. The majority of households (65.45%) never skipped a meal and were food secure however, 27.27% sometimes skipped meals, and 7% skipped meals frequently. The study findings indicated that keyhole gardens influence food security since they boost food supplies, generate income and help in the reduction of food bills. The results of the study showed that age (p < 0.01), marital status p < 0.05), household size (p < 0.10), market information (p < 0.05), donations (p < 0.01) and access to inputs (p < 0.01) influence the food security of keyhole garden farmers in the study area. The study recommends that agriculture civil service workers should receive training on keyhole gardens so that they can transfer the knowledge and skills to rural farmers to increase the awareness of, and the participation in, keyhole gardening and ultimately influence household food security.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43652147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

NON-FARM LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION: STRATEGIES AND CONSTRAINTS IN SELECTED RURAL AND PERI-URBAN COMMUNITIES, GHANA 非农业生计多样化：加纳农村和城市周边社区的策略和制约因素

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01360

Kofi Asare, J. Agyenim, Frederick Koomson

{"title":"NON-FARM LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION: STRATEGIES AND CONSTRAINTS IN SELECTED RURAL AND PERI-URBAN COMMUNITIES, GHANA","authors":"Kofi Asare, J. Agyenim, Frederick Koomson","doi":"10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01360","url":null,"abstract":"Non-farm livelihood diversification is an important livelihood strategy for rural households in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, the available evidence suggests that these strategies have received less attention; therefore, the constraints rural people face in venturing into the non-farm sector also remain unaddressed. In order to understand the livelihood strategies and constraints in the sector, this paper used crosssectional survey data from 251 randomly sampled farmers from the Sunyani West District, Ghana. Focus Group Discussions were also conducted in order to collect qualitative data to support quantitative analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics: frequencies, percentages and cross tabulation. The study found that the non-farm sector was heterogeneous and highly gendered and involved several activities, with trading being the most prominent one. Gender disaggregation of non-farm activities has underlying cultural and social bases resulting in different production roles for males and females. Although farmers are predominantly engaged in farming as their major livelihood strategy, they also pursue non-farm livelihood activities due to push, rather than pull, factors. Inadequate access to credit and limited business opportunities were the major constraints impeding the development of the non-farm sector in the district. In order to propel rural development, policy makers and researchers should give attention to the development of the non-farm sector since it is an important source of income for many people. Apart from that, the study recommends that banking and micro-finance institutions design special credit programmes for rural people.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45822633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL CREDIT ACCESS ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AMONG MAIZE AND RICE SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN RWANDA 卢旺达玉米和水稻小农户获得农业信贷对农业生产力的影响

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01341

N. K. Taremwa, I. Macharia, E. Bett, E. Majiwa

{"title":"IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL CREDIT ACCESS ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AMONG MAIZE AND RICE SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN RWANDA","authors":"N. K. Taremwa, I. Macharia, E. Bett, E. Majiwa","doi":"10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01341","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the impact of access to agricultural credit on the agricultural productivity of 422 smallholder farmers that cultivate maize or rice in the Western and Eastern province of Rwanda. Stratified, simple random and convenience sampling techniques were used to sample districts, sectors, cells and households. Data were collected using structured interviews and analyzed using propensity score matching techniques. Results indicated that productivity was higher by 44% among the farmers who accessed credit implying that they harvested on average an extra 440 kilograms of maize or rice. According to a crop-specific analysis, agricultural credit access had a more significant impact on maize productivity, with a difference in proportion of 68% (p = 0.000) but had no impact on rice productivity (p = 0.149). The study concludes that agricultural credit was important for Rwanda’s agricultural productivity. Thus policy measures should aim at improving smallholder farmers’ access to agricultural credit and promoting the use of modern agricultural inputs, particularly among rice farmers in Rwanda.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49483917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF TEFF IN EAST WOLLEGA, ETHIOPIA 埃塞俄比亚东沃勒加TEFF的价值链分析

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01313

Temesgen Kabeta, J. Haji, Rijalu Negash Abarago

{"title":"VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF TEFF IN EAST WOLLEGA, ETHIOPIA","authors":"Temesgen Kabeta, J. Haji, Rijalu Negash Abarago","doi":"10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01313","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempted to analyze the teff value chain in the Jimma Arjo District of East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia. The multistage sampling technique was employed to draw a sample of 123 teff producers, purposively selected 55 traders and 15 consumers. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources using pre-tested structured questionnaires and checklists. Descriptive statistics and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance were applied to analyze data. Results showed that the main teff value chain actors in the study area included input suppliers, producers, local collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. In the district, there were no proper upgrading practices and governance systems in the teff value chain. The predicted probability that teff producers choose local collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and consumer outlets amounted to 45%, 69.9%, 20.4%, and 74.6%, respectively. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (W) analysis showed that 68.5% and 46.2% of farmers agreed with each other on the ranking of constraints hindering teff production and marketing, respectively. Recommendations drawn from the study findings include the need to improve the input supply system and governance, eliminate issues found in the chain, train farmers, enhance the quality of market information, boost teff productivity and volume sales, strengthen the links between teff value chain actors, and improve support institutions.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45153634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A REVIEW ON COMMERCIALIZATION OF SMALLHOLDER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS AND ITS IMPACTS ON HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOODS. EVIDENCE FROM ETHIOPIA CONTEXT 小农农业生产者商业化及其对家庭生计的影响综述。来自埃塞俄比亚背景的证据

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01393

A. Neme, T. Tefera

引用次数: 2

THE ROLE OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN AGRICULTURE ON HOUSEHOLD FARM COMMERCIALIZATION OF MAIZE, POTATOES AND BEANS IN NORTHERN PROVINCE OF RWANDA 妇女赋权在农业中的作用卢旺达北部省玉米、土豆和豆类的家庭农场商业化

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01405

Olive Uwineza, J. Lagat, R. M. Berem

{"title":"THE ROLE OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN AGRICULTURE ON HOUSEHOLD FARM COMMERCIALIZATION OF MAIZE, POTATOES AND BEANS IN NORTHERN PROVINCE OF RWANDA","authors":"Olive Uwineza, J. Lagat, R. M. Berem","doi":"10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01405","url":null,"abstract":"In Sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural commercialization is a major factor in household food diversification and household income. To move to agricultural transformation, Rwanda has focused on shifting from subsistence-based farming to market-oriented agriculture. Various studies have been conducted on agricultural commercialization, however, women’s role in the commercialization of agriculture has received little attention and none of the studies have associated it with women’s empowerment in agriculture. In Rwanda, women are principal players in agriculture and food security, therefore, it is important to understand the influence of their empowerment in agriculture on its commercialization. To investigate the relationship between women’s empowerment in agriculture and agricultural commercialization, the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) was used to measure women’s empowerment in agriculture. A sample size of 252 households from Musanze and Burera districts in the Northern Province of Rwanda was used. It was obtained using the multistage and random sampling techniques. To analyze data, a fractional regression model was used. The results revealed that farm commercialization in Rwanda was positively and significantly influenced by WEAI score, farm size and the prices of maize, potatoes and beans. On the other hand, the index has a negative relationship with access to extension services. It is recommended that the government should strengthen policies of empowering women in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41550963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

RECEIPTS AND INCOME OF HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND 波兰家庭收入

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2021-04-02 DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01431

J. Kozak, Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska

{"title":"RECEIPTS AND INCOME OF HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND","authors":"J. Kozak, Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska","doi":"10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/J.JARD.2021.01431","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to assess the income situation of households in Poland, considering the level of receipts and income as well as their dynamics and structure. An analysis was also carried out with respect to differences between particular socio-economic groups and between households depending on the number of persons in a household. The Gini coefficient was used for analytical purposes. Moreover, an attempt was made to identify the causes of income diversification. The analysis was carried out based on data derived from household budget surveys conducted by Statistics Poland. The research covered the period from 2000 to 2019 (individual years). The study showed a real increase in the average monthly net receipts and available income in all households. The most favourable financial situation was observed in white-collar workers, self-employed persons and one-person households. The least favourable income situation was found in households of bluecollar workers and pensioners and households of six or more persons. However, attention should also be paid to changes taking place in the structure of sources of income generated by household members. There is an increase in income from hired work and social assistance benefits. The highest variations in receipts and available income were observed in households of farmers and those of six or more persons. In contrast, the smallest variations were recorded with respect to households of old-age pensioners and one-person households.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45355878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SOCIAL CAPITAL NETWORKS, MICROCREDIT AND POVERTY STATUS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN NIGERIA 社会资本网络、小额信贷与尼日利亚农村家庭的贫困状况

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2020-12-29 DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2020.01346

A. Ogunleye

{"title":"SOCIAL CAPITAL NETWORKS, MICROCREDIT AND POVERTY STATUS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN NIGERIA","authors":"A. Ogunleye","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2020.01346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2020.01346","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined how social capital networks contribute to rural households’ poverty status in Southwestern Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select a total of 300 households for this study. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty measure and Two-Stage Least Square model (2SLS). Results showed that poverty incidence, depth and severity were 60%, 46.70% and 20.10% respectively among the sampled households. The results indicated that forms of social capital networks in the study area include cooperative societies, family and friends, farmers’, professional career, religious, and microfinance groups. The results further showed that 66.00% of the households in the study area sourced microcredit from cooperative societies. The 2SLS estimate showed that the coefficient of the aggregate social capital index (β =730.83, p < 0.05) also showed a positive, significant relationship with household per capital expenditure. The result indicated that a unit increase in social capital network index of the household would increase household per capita expenditure in the study area by N730.83. The study concluded that membership of social capital networks positive influence households’ access to access to microcredit and poverty reduction.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45807660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Factors influencing farmers’ awareness and choice of adaptation strategies to climate variability by smallholder crop farmers 影响小农气候变率意识及适应策略选择的因素

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Pub Date : 2020-12-29 DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2020.01280

L. Mdoda

{"title":"Factors influencing farmers’ awareness and choice of adaptation strategies to climate variability by smallholder crop farmers","authors":"L. Mdoda","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2020.01280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2020.01280","url":null,"abstract":"Climate variability is a global phenomenon and its effects on agricultural productivity have been experienced by developing countries drastically. Climate differences such as high temperatures, drought and long seasons have led to a loss in food production through crop failure, water stress, and human disease outbreak. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate factors influencing farmers’ awareness and choice of adaptation strategies to climate variability by smallholder crop farmers in Libode, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Primary data were purposively collected from 120 smallholder crop farmers. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate factors influencing farmers’ awareness while Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the choice of adaptation strategies employed by crop farmers. Results showed that farmers have perceived climate change and have adapted to changing climatic conditions. The empirical results have showed that socio-economic factors such as years spent in school, land size, farm experience, and extension services affect farmers' awareness positively while age has a negative influence. Few farmers have adjusted their farming practices to account for the effects of climate change. Thus, the study identifies crop diversification and agroforestry as being the most promising strategies with benefits for farmers, the environment and future generations. The government should develop policies aimed at providing and enhancing farmers’ knowledge on climate change. Farmers are encouraged to form farm organizations and be active as to serve as a platform to share knowledge on indigenous and technological farming practices for effective climate change adaptation.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48796163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0