{"title":"Efficient calibration for rssi-based indoor localization by bayesian experimental design on multi-task classification","authors":"M. Shimosaka, Osamu Saisho","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971710","url":null,"abstract":"RSSI-based indoor localization is getting much attention. Thanks to a number of researchers, the localization accuracy has already reached a sufficient level. However, it is still not easy-to-use technology because of its heavy installation cost. When an indoor localization system is installed, it needs to collect RSSI data for training classifiers. Existing techniques need to collect enough data at each location. This is why the installation cost is very heavy. We propose a technique to gather data efficiently by using machine learning techniques. Our proposed algorithm is based on multi-task learning and Bayesian optimization. This algorithm can remove the need to collect data of all location labels and select location labels to acquire new data efficiently. We verify this algorithm by using a Wi-Fi RSSI dataset collected in a building. The empirical results suggest that the algorithm is superior to an existing algorithm applying single-task learning and Active Class Selection.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121919172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PERUIM: understanding mobile application privacy with permission-UI mapping","authors":"Yuanchun Li, Yao Guo, Xiangqun Chen","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971693","url":null,"abstract":"Current mobile operating systems such as Android employ the permission-based access control mechanism, but it is difficult for users to understand how and why the permissions are used within a particular application. This paper introduces permission-UI mapping as an easy-to-understand representation to illustrate how permissions are used by different UI components within a given application. Connecting UI components to permissions helps users to understand the purpose of permission requests and also makes it possible to illustrate permission requests in a fine-grained manner. We propose PERUIM to extract the permission-UI mapping from an application based on both dynamic and static analysis, and represent the analysis results with a graphical representation. Experiments on popular mobile applications demonstrate the accuracy and applicability of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117132143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lan Zhang, Kebin Liu, Xiangyang Li, Cihang Liu, Xuan Ding, Yunhao Liu
{"title":"Privacy-friendly photo capturing and sharing system","authors":"Lan Zhang, Kebin Liu, Xiangyang Li, Cihang Liu, Xuan Ding, Yunhao Liu","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971662","url":null,"abstract":"The wide adoption of smart devices with onboard cameras facilitates photo capturing and sharing, but greatly increases people's concern on privacy infringement. Here we seek a solution to respect the privacy of persons being photographed in a smarter way that they can be automatically erased from photos captured by smart devices according to their requirements. To make this work, we need to address three challenges: 1) how to enable users explicitly express their privacy protection intentions without wearing any visible specialized tag, and 2) how to associate the intentions with persons in captured photos accurately and efficiently. Furthermore, 3) the association process itself should not cause portrait information leakage and should be accomplished in a privacy-preserving way. In this work, we design, develop, and evaluate a system, called COIN (Cloak Of INvisibility), that enables a user to flexibly express her privacy requirement and empowers the photo service provider (or image taker) to exert the privacy protection policy. Leveraging the visual distinguishability of people in the field-of-view and the dimension-order-independent property of vector similarity measurement, COIN achieves high accuracy and low overhead. We implement a prototype system, and our evaluation results on both the trace-driven and real-life experiments confirm the feasibility and efficiency of our system.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129475704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro Garcia Garcia, Enrico Costanza, S. Ramchurn, Jhim Kiel M. Verame
{"title":"The potential of physical motion cues: changing people's perception of robots' performance","authors":"Pedro Garcia Garcia, Enrico Costanza, S. Ramchurn, Jhim Kiel M. Verame","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971697","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous robotic systems can automatically perform actions on behalf of users in the domestic environment to help people in their daily activities. Such systems aim to reduce users' cognitive and physical workload, and improve well-being. While the benefits of these systems are clear, recent studies suggest that users may misconstrue their performance of tasks. We see an opportunity in designing interaction techniques that improve how users perceive the performance of such systems. We report two lab studies (N=16 each) designed to investigate whether showing physical motion, which is showing the process of a system through movement (that is intrinsic to the system's task), of an autonomous system as it completes its task, affects how users perceive its performance. To ensure our studies are ecologically valid and to motivate participants to provide thoughtful responses we adopted consensus-oriented financial incentives. Our results suggest that physical presence does yield higher performance ratings.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129889504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chulhong Min, Seungchul Lee, Changhun Lee, Youngki Lee, Seungwoo Kang, Seungpyo Choi, Wonjung Kim, Junehwa Song
{"title":"PADA: power-aware development assistant for mobile sensing applications","authors":"Chulhong Min, Seungchul Lee, Changhun Lee, Youngki Lee, Seungwoo Kang, Seungpyo Choi, Wonjung Kim, Junehwa Song","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971676","url":null,"abstract":"We propose PADA, a new power evaluation tool to measure and optimize power use of mobile sensing applications. Our motivational study with 53 professional developers shows they face huge challenges in meeting power requirements. The key challenges are from the significant time and effort for repetitive power measurements since the power use of sensing applications needs to be evaluated under various real-world usage scenarios and sensing parameters. PADA enables developers to obtain enriched power information under diverse usage scenarios in development environments without deploying and testing applications on real phones in real-life situations. We conducted two user studies with 19 developers to evaluate the usability of PADA. We show that developers benefit from using PADA in the implementation and power tuning of mobile sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128582185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shoko Wakamiya, Hiroshi Kawasaki, Yukiko Kawai, A. Jatowt, E. Aramaki, Toyokazu Akiyama
{"title":"Lets not stare at smartphones while walking: memorable route recommendation by detecting effective landmarks","authors":"Shoko Wakamiya, Hiroshi Kawasaki, Yukiko Kawai, A. Jatowt, E. Aramaki, Toyokazu Akiyama","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971758","url":null,"abstract":"Navigation in unfamiliar cities often requires frequent map checking, which is troublesome for wayfinders. We propose a novel approach for improving real-world navigation by generating short, memorable and intuitive routes. To do so we detect useful landmarks for effective route navigation. This is done by exploiting not only geographic data but also crowd footprints in Social Network Services (SNS) and Location Based Social Networks (LBSN). Specifically, we detect point, area, and line landmarks by using three indicators to measure landmark's utility: visit popularity, direct visibility, and indirect visibility. We then construct an effective route graph based on the extracted landmarks, which facilitates optimal path search. In the experiments, we show that landmark-based routes out-perform the ones created by baseline from the perspectives of the lap time and the number of references necessary to check self-positions for adjusting route directions.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121262185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensus: a cross-platform, general-purpose system for mobile crowdsensing in human-subject studies","authors":"Haoyi Xiong, Yu Huang, Laura E. Barnes, M. Gerber","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971711","url":null,"abstract":"The burden of entry into mobile crowdsensing (MCS) is prohibitively high for human-subject researchers who lack a technical orientation. As a result, the benefits of MCS remain beyond the reach of research communities (e.g., psychologists) whose expertise in the study of human behavior might advance applications and understanding of MCS systems. This paper presents Sensus, a new MCS system for human-subject studies that bridges the gap between human-subject researchers and MCS methods. Sensus alleviates technical burdens with on-device, GUI-based design of sensing plans, simple and efficient distribution of sensing plans to study participants, and uniform participant experience across iOS and Android devices. Sensing plans support many hardware and software sensors, automatic deployment of sensor-triggered surveys, and double-blind assignment of participants within randomized controlled trials. Sensus offers these features to study designers without requiring knowledge of markup and programming languages. We demonstrate the feasibility of using Sensus within two human-subject studies, one in psychology and one in engineering. Feedback from non-technical users indicates that Sensus is an effective and low-burden system for MCS-based data collection and analysis.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126080684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. R. Ali, Facundo Ciancio, Ru Zhao, Iftekhar Naim, Ehsan Hoque
{"title":"ROC comment: automated descriptive and subjective captioning of behavioral videos","authors":"M. R. Ali, Facundo Ciancio, Ru Zhao, Iftekhar Naim, Ehsan Hoque","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971743","url":null,"abstract":"We present an automated interface, ROC Comment, for generating natural language comments on behavioral videos. We focus on the domain of public speaking, which many people consider their greatest fear. We collect a dataset of 196 public speaking videos from 49 individuals and gather 12,173 comments, generated by more than 500 independent human judges. We then train a k-Nearest-Neighbor (k-NN) based model by extracting prosodic (e.g., volume) and facial (e.g., smiles) features. Given a new video, we extract features and select the closest comments using k-NN model. We further filter the comments by clustering them using DBScan, and eliminating the outliers. Evaluation of our system with 30 participants conclude that while the generated comments are helpful, there is room for improvement in further personalizing them. Our model has been deployed online, allowing individuals to upload their videos and receive open-ended and interpretative comments. Our system is available at http://tinyurl.com/roccomment.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126854492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Longbiao Chen, Daqing Zhang, Leye Wang, Dingqi Yang, Xiaojuan Ma, Shijian Li, Zhaohui Wu, Gang Pan, T. Nguyen, J. Jakubowicz
{"title":"Dynamic cluster-based over-demand prediction in bike sharing systems","authors":"Longbiao Chen, Daqing Zhang, Leye Wang, Dingqi Yang, Xiaojuan Ma, Shijian Li, Zhaohui Wu, Gang Pan, T. Nguyen, J. Jakubowicz","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971652","url":null,"abstract":"Bike sharing is booming globally as a green transportation mode, but the occurrence of over-demand stations that have no bikes or docks available greatly affects user experiences. Directly predicting individual over-demand stations to carry out preventive measures is difficult, since the bike usage pattern of a station is highly dynamic and context dependent. In addition, the fact that bike usage pattern is affected not only by common contextual factors (e.g., time and weather) but also by opportunistic contextual factors (e.g., social and traffic events) poses a great challenge. To address these issues, we propose a dynamic cluster-based framework for over-demand prediction. Depending on the context, we construct a weighted correlation network to model the relationship among bike stations, and dynamically group neighboring stations with similar bike usage patterns into clusters. We then adopt Monte Carlo simulation to predict the over-demand probability of each cluster. Evaluation results using real-world data from New York City and Washington, D.C. show that our framework accurately predicts over-demand clusters and outperforms the baseline methods significantly.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"74 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120863906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using passively collected sedentary behavior to predict hospital readmission","authors":"Sangwon Bae, A. Dey, C. Low","doi":"10.1145/2971648.2971750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971750","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital readmissions are a major problem facing health care systems today, costing Medicare alone US$26 billion each year. Being readmitted is associated with significantly shorter survival, and is often preventable. Predictors of readmission are still not well understood, particularly those under the patient's control: behavioral risk factors. Our work evaluates the ability of behavioral risk factors, specifically Fitbit-assessed behavior, to predict readmission for 25 postsurgical cancer inpatients. Our results show that sum of steps, maximum sedentary bouts, frequency, and low breaks in sedentary times during waking hours are strong predictors of readmission. We built two models for predicting readmissions: Steps-only and Behavioral model that adds information about sedentary behaviors. The Behavioral model (88.3%) outperforms the Steps-only model (67.1%), illustrating the value of passively collected information about sedentary behaviors. Indeed, passive monitoring of behavior data, i.e., mobility, after major surgery creates an opportunity for early risk assessment and timely interventions.","PeriodicalId":303792,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125123237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}