{"title":"Effect of algorithms that improve fairness of TCP congestion avoidance on performance of slow links and long thin networks","authors":"V. Obanaik, L. Jacob, A. Ananda","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043044","url":null,"abstract":"The bias of TCP's congestion avoidance mechanism against connections with long round trip times (RTT) is a known fact. Many alternative congestion avoidance policies have been proposed to improve the fairness. Though the proposed policies attempt to address and resolve the fairness issue, we show that they tend to be harmful to connections that traverse either slow links, like 56 Kbps modem links, or long thin networks (LTN), like cellular links. We specifically consider a very common scenario where the last-hop link connecting the end user (i.e., client) may be a slow link or LTN. In this case, the TCP sender (i.e., server) is usually unaware of the network path, and when it is equipped with such policies, it increases probing into the network in a quest for the non-existent bandwidth. We conduct simulation studies to evaluate the impact of the proposed policies on connections that traverse either slow links or LTNs. We notice that the proposed policies cause increased buffer overflows at the last-hop router, thereby degrading the performance of the connection. We study the impact of increased buffer sizes at the last-hop router and also the effect of advertising a limited receive window. We show that the impact of the policies, on connections traversing slow links or LTNs, can be reduced by selectively disabling the policies.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122219959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient implementations of bounded shortest multicast algorithm","authors":"G. Feng, Kia Mao, N. Pissinou","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043084","url":null,"abstract":"The constrained minimum Steiner tree (CMST) problem is a key issue in multicast routing with quality of service (QoS) support. Bounded shortest path algorithm (BSMA) has been recognized as one of the best algorithms for the CMST problem due to its excellent cost performance. This algorithm starts with a minimum-delay tree, and then iteratively uses a k-shortest-path (KSP) algorithm to search for a better path to replace a \"superedge\" in the existing tree, and consequently reduces the cost of the tree. The major drawback of BSMA is its high time complexity because of the use of the KSP algorithm. For this reason, we investigate in this paper the possibility of more efficient implementations of BSMA by using different methods to locate the target path for replacing a superedge. Our experimental results indicate that our methods can significantly reduce the time complexity of BSMA without deteriorating the cost performance.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121985017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An intelligent geographic load balance scheme for mobile cellular networks","authors":"L. Du, J. Bigham, L. Cuthbert","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043090","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate a novel geographic load balance scheme, which intelligently changes cellular coverage according to the geographic traffic distribution in real time. The performance of the whole cellular network can be improved by contracting the antenna pattern around the source of peak traffic and expanding adjacent cells coverage to fill in the coverage loss. Our previous global optimization work based on scenarios with non-uniformly distributed traffic scenarios has shown the improvement of system capacity of such a dynamical cellular coverage planning scheme exceeds 20%. A cooperative negotiation approach for the real-time control of cellular network coverage is described in this paper. By the use of real time negotiations between base stations and associated antennas, some optimum local coverage agreements can be reached in the context of the whole cellular network.The simulation results using 200 continuous traffic snapshots are presented and followed by some conclusions finally.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122399409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive scheduling in DOCSIS-based CATV networks","authors":"L. H. Ju, W. Liao","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the effect of the DOCSIS MAC layer on the performance of two-way TCP transfers in hybrid fiber coax (HFC) networks. We propose a new adaptive scheduling scheme called long packet deferment (LPD) at the headend to improve TCP performance in DOCSIS-based HFC networks. LPD reduces the frequency of transmission of long packets and, if such long packets are transmitted, they are scheduled towards the end of each transmission period. Thus, it allows the system to behave as in a symmetric network earlier, reduces the round trip delay of sending data packets, and improves the aggregate downstream throughput. We have conducted simulations using network simulator ns-2 to compare the simple first-come-first-served scheduling of DOCSIS and IEEE 802.14 like mechanism with LPD. The results show that LPD has better performance in terms of higher aggregate downstream throughput and shorter access delay.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126663562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Architecture of proxy partial caching using HTTP for supporting interactive video and cache consistency","authors":"Wei-Kuo Liao, Pang-Hsin Shih","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043069","url":null,"abstract":"Proxy partial caching, e.g. segment-based proxy caching or proxy prefix caching, partitions the object into nonoverlapping pieces. The proxy cache then treats each piece as an individual file when performing caching and replacing. Upon receipt of request to the object, the proxy cache delivers the cached portion to the client immediately to mask the start-up delay. However, two architectural challenges are confronted when implementing this technique in the web proxy software, e.g., Squid cache. The first challenge is related to caching video streams. Although not until recently, HTTP is recognized as an efficient method to support interactive video. Many fundamental issues are still required to be solved. To this end, we propose an approach of segment-based video streams retrieval and caching via HTTP byte-range requests to further mask the possible startup delay, enhance the interactive function \"pause\", and simplify the web proxy cache design. Proxy partial caching introduces the second architectural challenge called dirty-initial-segments problem, i.e. cached portion in the proxy cache is inconsistent with the original in the server. If this happens, the cached portion already delivered to the client cannot be concatenated with the latter portion from the server. To relieve this problem, we propose a novel algorithm called validating upon partial replacement, which synchronizes the operations of proactive consistency validation, partition and replacement performed upon an object. We show that our proposed algorithm bears the merit of controllable chance to disturb users, easily embedding into the existing web proxy cache software with minimum modification, and improving the cache performance.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116785984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashu Razdan, A. Nandan, Ren Wang, M. Sanadidi, M. Gerla
{"title":"Enhancing TCP performance in networks with small buffers","authors":"Ashu Razdan, A. Nandan, Ren Wang, M. Sanadidi, M. Gerla","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043043","url":null,"abstract":"TCP performance can be significantly affected when the buffer capacity at routers is small. This is possible when either many flows share the network or the bandwidth-delay product is large (e.g. satellite links). The behavior of various versions of TCP with respect to buffer capacity issues has not been studied in much detail. We investigate the behavior and performance of different TCP variants under small buffer capacity conditions. We recognize TCP pacing as a potential solution. However, instead of using TCP's sending rate as the dictating metric, we make use of the bandwidth-share estimate (BSE), maintained by TCP Westwood, to set the pacing interval. We call this newly proposed protocol paced-Westwood. We also show the need to scale BSE further to mitigate the effects of positive feedback in BSE. For this, we propose a further enhancement that we call /spl alpha/-paced Westwood that uses a scaling parameter /spl alpha/ to enforce convergence of BSE and the pacing interval. The proposed /spl alpha/-paced Westwood uses its BSE to space the packet bursts during the slow-start phase, resulting in a superior throughput in the troublesome low buffer capacity cases. With the help of simulations, we show that our enhanced TCP Westwood outperforms both unpaced as well as paced TCP NewReno under low buffer capacity networks.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130808136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hester, Yan Huang, O. Andric, A. Allen, Priscilla Chen
{"title":"NeuRon/spl trade/ netform: a self-organizing wireless sensor network","authors":"L. Hester, Yan Huang, O. Andric, A. Allen, Priscilla Chen","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043092","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the neuRFon/spl trade/ Netform, a self-organizing wireless network for low data rate, low-power fixed sensor nodes. The protocol utilizes a logical backbone architecture through which data communications between all the network nodes are supported by hierarchical routing. We present algorithms that underpin the self-organizing features. The first algorithm constructs the optimal backbone as new nodes are introduced. The second algorithm dictates how the nodes exchange essential information for maintaining the optimal routing backbone as the network evolves. The third algorithm enables the network to recover automatically from node/link failures. The neuRFon/spl trade/ Netform is designed to work in conjunction with a low duty cycle MAC protocol, described in this paper, in order to support long battery life for wireless sensors. To illustrate the performance of the neuRFon/spl trade/ system, we present simulation results showing network formation time, data packet delivery response time, and communication duty cycles of sensor nodes for a neuRFon/sup TM/ system with 64 nodes.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128243294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bandwidth scheduling for multi-channel packet cable telephony","authors":"Nir Naaman, R. Rom","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043121","url":null,"abstract":"Cable networks have evolved from offering broadcast services to providing high rate two-way data services. In the next step, cable operators intend to use voice over IP (VoIP) to provide cable telephony services. In a cable network the users are connected to the headend through a cable modem. The headend is responsible for allocating upstream bandwidth to the various cable modems. Each cable modem has access to several upstream channels but can use only one upstream channel at any given time. The headend can direct a modem to switch from one upstream channel to another. We consider the problem of scheduling packet telephony calls in a cable network. We show that the scheduling problem is NP-hard even in the case where all the calls have the same characteristics. We then suggest several approximation algorithms for the problem and investigate their performance. We address the problem of maintaining the tolerated jitter when switching a modem from one channel to another and explore the effect of the tolerated jitter on the performance of the scheduling algorithms. We show that the ability to switch channels considerably improves the performance of the scheduling algorithms.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128965982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power consumption and throughput in mobile ad hoc networks using directional antennas","authors":"A. Nasipuri, Kai Li, Uma Reddy Sappidi","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043137","url":null,"abstract":"We present medium access control (MAC) protocols for mobile ad hoc networks that utilize directional antennas. The use of directional antennas in place of traditional omnidirectional antennas reduces interference and thereby improves the throughput performance of the network. An additional advantage of using directional antennas is due to its higher gain from its directivity, which can be utilized to reduce the transmission power during a directional transmission. In order to maximally utilize the savings in the average power consumption in the network, we propose a power control scheme that maintains a minimum transmission power level for effective transmission of packets using directional antennas. We present simulation results showing the throughput advantage and the savings in the average consumed power in the network using the proposed protocol. We also present results showing the maximum possible savings in power consumption in the same network when an ideal power control scheme is applied.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124597899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Layered range multicast for video on demand","authors":"D. Tran, K. Hua, T. Do","doi":"10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2002.1043068","url":null,"abstract":"Focuses on the problem of providing quality-of-service guarantee, scalability, and on-demand property to video streaming systems. We propose a solution called layered range multicast (LRM). LRM allows transmitting a range of data to a multicast group's members, which helps clients who request for service at different times join a same multicast efficiently without additional server bandwidth allocation. This is more advanced than the conventional multicast in which a late client joining an existing multicast, without bandwidth support from the server, must miss a certain portion of the video requested. Another advantage of LRM is its capability to support clients requesting various levels of service quality. In addition, LRM does not assume the existence of IP Multicast and therefore it can be implemented on the current Internet without degrading the very inefficient centralized approach. Our performance study results confirm the above benefits.","PeriodicalId":302787,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Eleventh International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks","volume":"16 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132443627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}