East and Central African Journal of Surgery最新文献

{"title":"A two stage procedure osteotomy osteoclasis as a safe way of treating genu valgus deformity. a case report","authors":"A. Ayele","doi":"10.4314/ECAJS.V22I1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJS.V22I1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This is a case report of a fifteen years old male patient from north Shoa about one hundred and twenty km from the capital city of Ethiopia., who was having a knock-knee deformity since child hood. Even he didn’t remember when he started to notice it. Finally about six months back one remote relative was visiting him and brought him to our Hospital where I gave him hope by telling him that is manageable and I did convince him that he will have a corrected knee within a short period of time and all families were happy. Finally patient was admitted and investigated then I did a two stage procedure (osteotomy-osteoclasis) where on immediate post-operative day it was notable the correction and after a month the cast was removed where the limb was straight. Keywords: Osteotomy, osteoclasis, genuvalgum","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121987455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Undescended Testes: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia","authors":"M. Gama, A. Tadesse, Belachew Dejene, H. Getachew, T. Nigussie, Miliard Derbew","doi":"10.4314/ECAJS.V22I1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJS.V22I1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Undescended testis is one of the commonest congenital malformations seen in boys. The aim of this study is to evaluate the pattern of presentation, approach to diagnosis, treatment and follow up in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia. \u0000Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional study of all boys with undescended testis operated in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital between September 2012 and August 2014. \u0000Results: Of 82 boys operated within the study period, 66 boys with 78 undescended testes are studied. Twenty-six percent (17/66)came before the age of 2 years, while the majority of the study group, 50% (33/66), presented beyond 5 years of age. Of the 17 boys brought to the hospital before 2 years, only 41% (7/17) them were treated before the age of two years. The majority 89% (59/66) of the boys were treated after 2 years of age. Seventy-one testes of 78 [91%] were in the inguinal canal, 5 were intra-abdominal and 2 were absent. 46% (36/78) were on the left side, 29% (23/78) on the right side and the rest were bilateral. Among the 54 boys who had ultrasound examination, the ultrasound report is consistent with operative findings in 33 [61%]. Associated congenital malformations were found in 31.8% (21/66) of the boys. Hypospadia was the predominant malformation comprising 38% (8/21) of the total congenital malformations. Orchidopexy was done for 82% (64/78) of the total testes, orchiectomy was done for 9% (7/78) and biopsy was taken in 1 case. Among the total operated boys only 62% (41/66) were followed in our clinic; of those who had follow up 10% (4/41) testes atrophied and 1 [2%] testis retracted. \u0000Conclusion: Boys with undescended testes present and are treated late in Tikur Anbesa Hospital. As opposed to the literatures most of the undescended testes were found on the left side. Ultrasound examination cannot be the only mode of examination for undescended testes as it misses more than one third of the cases. Hypospadia is the commonest associated congenital malformation. Post operative follow up is very poor after treatment for undescended testes \u0000https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v22i1.10 \u0000  \u0000This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source (including a link to the formal publication), provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125650108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast track surgery at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali: a randomized controlled trial study in abdominal surgery","authors":"L. Ndayizeye, A. Kiswezi","doi":"10.4314/ecajs.v22i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v22i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fast Track Surgery is synonymous with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery. It was started in the 1990’s initially for colorectal surgery, but later became applicable to other aspects of surgery. Its core elements include epidural or regional anaesthesia, perioperative fluid management, minimally invasive surgical techniques, optimal pain control, early initiation of mobilization and feeding, and early discharge from hospital. The beneficial effects of this practice arise from early mobilization and feeding, and the reduced hospital stay. They include reduced costs, early discharge from hospital, and increased availability of hospital beds. The main aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of Fast Track Surgery in the Rwandan surgical setting and to demonstrate the reported beneficial effects of Fast Track Surgery. Methods: A randomised control trial was conducted, with cases for Fast Track Surgery (FTS) carefully selected, and compared with the controls (patients going through the conventional surgical care). A total of 62 patients (31 in each group) were studied. Evaluation and comparison of hospital stay, early mobilization, early feeding, complication rate, were done for the two groups. Results: The FTS patients had a mean hospital stay of 2.1 days, while the controls had a mean hospital stay of 5.3days. 97% of the FTS patients had early mobilization, within the first 24 hours postoperatively, compared to 77% who got mobilization and feeding on the 3rd postoperative day in the control group. Conclusion: Fast Track Surgery practice is feasible in the Rwandan surgical setting. It facilitates early discharge from hospital, with minimal complication rates because of early mobilization and early feeding. It also results in reduced postoperative pain, leading to reduced or no opoid demands. All these translate into reduced expenses for the patient and the hospital. Keywords: Fast Track Surgery, hospital stay, mobilization, beneficial effects, Randomised control trial","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132247240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left sided trans-thoracic esophagectomy for resectable esophageal and gastro-esophageal junction cancers: experience from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"A. Bekele","doi":"10.4314/ecajs.v22i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v22i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Surgery is the main stay of treatment for Esophageal Cancer but there is no standard Esophagectomy accepted by all authorities to be superior. The main objective of this study is to present our experience with the left sided trans-thoracic approach in patients with a lower third Esophageal and Gastro-Esophageal junction cancer. \u0000Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 22 patients at the Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa Ethiopia between January 2013 and 2015. Data collected included the socio-demographic status, diagnostic modalities, the operative details, post operative outcome and follow up. \u0000Results: The majority of the patients were males aged between 35-45 years, and had a clinical stage IIIa cancer. Average duration of surgery was 111 minutes (+ 17.4 minutes). Resection without macroscopical residual was achieved in 18 of 22 patients (81.8%). A total of 16 complications were recorded among 10 (45.4%) of the patients. One patient died in hospital (Mortality of 4.5%). All the remaining 21 patients were seen at least three times over the subsequent 6 months and were in good post operative condition. \u0000Conclusion: Our finding is in agreement with the collected evidence the sweet’s procedure offers several advantages for tumors in the lower third of the esophagus including the gastro-esophageal junction. The short-term outcome of this procedure is also found acceptable. \u0000https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v22i1.1 \u0000  \u0000This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source (including a link to the formal publication), provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129780833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post Operative Pain Control in Inguinal Hernia Repair: Comparison of Tramadol Versus Bupivacaine in Local Wound Infiltration: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"E. Niyirera, A. Kiswezi, F. Ntirenganya","doi":"10.4314/ECAJS.V22I1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJS.V22I1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-operative pain control is a key factor in surgery. It greatly increases patient satisfaction, and influences the hospital stay period. Local wound infiltration has often been used to control postoperative pain following hernia surgery, with the use of the conventional local anesthetics like Lidocaine or Bupivacaine. The use of Tramadol for local wound infiltration is new and not yet practised in Rwanda. The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative pain control effects and cost effectiveness of Tramadol versus Bupivaaine in wound infiltration following inguinal hernia repair. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted between September 2015 and February 2016. Randomization was done using a sealed envelope containing the name of drug to be used for local wound infiltrations following inguinal hernia repair. Results: A total of 52 patients were enrolled equally in the two study groups. Only one female patient enrolled in the study. Tramadol was found to be superior to Bupivacaine in providing postoperative pain control. ( P =0.000). Pain free period was 4.7±1.3 hours in Bupivacaine group while it twas more than 12 hours in Tramadol group. Additional analgesia request in both groups was significantly different, in favor of Tramadol. ( P =0.000). No complications reported in both groups. Bupivacaine was found to be 5 times more expensive than Tramadol. Conclusion: Wound infiltration with Tramadol after open inguinal hernia repair offers a superior and prolonged pain control compared to Bupivacaine. The need of additional analgesics is very low after Tramadol wound infiltration compared to Bupivacaine used in the same conditions. In addition, Tramadol is cheaper making its use cost affordable Keywords: Postoperative pain, Wound infiltration, Tramadol, Bupivacaine/ macaine","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133181942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biliary Atresia – An Easily Missed Cause of Jaundice amongst Children in Uganda","authors":"N. Kakembo, Arlene Muzira, P. Kisa, J. Sekabira","doi":"10.4314/ECAJS.V21I3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJS.V21I3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Back ground: Biliary atresia is characterized by biliary obstruction, it has an incidence of 1:15000 and presents with jaundice, acholic stools / dark urine and hepatomegaly. This disease rapidly leads to liver cirrhosis and liver failure if untreated surgically. The main objective was to establish the epidemiology of patients presenting with biliary atresia and immediate surgical outcome. Methods: A review of a prospective data base for pediatric surgical admissions from January 2012 to December 2015 was made and examined all the entries for children admitted with biliary atresia. Results: In this study 46 patients were recruited with an age range at admission of 2 weeks to 3.5 years and a peak age of 2 months. During the four years, 14 Patients had portoenterostomy done and of these 5 died within 7 days after surgery. Thirty two (32) patients were not operated, 18 of them died and 13 were still alive by the close of 2015. Conclusion: A big number of children with biliary atresia presented late with decompensated liver functions having lost time in peripheral health facilities being managed for medical jaundice. Key words : Biliary atresia, Uganda, Jaundice","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115477922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden Facts and the Role of Truthfulness in Academic Dishonesty","authors":"P. Musau","doi":"10.4314/ecajs.v21i3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v21i3.25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Academic dishonesty is widespread across the world and studies done have largely relied on self-reporting to establish the extent and factors contributing to the practice. This demands of researchers to take at face value what people who may not be entirely truthful are saying. It is not a surprise, therefore, that varied interesting findings have been made in different studies. This paper delves into the complexity of determining the key components of academic dishonesty and brings into focus the role of truthfulness in understanding the elicited data. The objective of this study was to establish the role of truthfulness in understanding various components of academic dishonesty. Methods: This was a Cross sectional study using self-administered questionnaire. The Setting was the School of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret - Kenya. The study subjects were 156 students in the clinical (4th, 5th and 6 th) years of study. They anonymously filled a 20-item self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire captured the demographic data and the views of the students on various aspects of academic dishonesty ranked in a Likert scale of six levels starting with strongly agree to strongly disagree. Results: The overall level of truthfulness among these medical students was 55.8%. While more males had prior experience with academic dishonesty in secondary school and involvement at College, they were also more truthful than the females. The untruthful were 2.2 times as often involved in academic dishonesty as the truthful and were also less likely to report on their classmates. Conclusion: There are hidden facts in academic dishonesty that can only be revealed by subjecting gathered data to a scrutiny on how truthful the respondents are. Truthfulness is an inversely proportional surrogate predictor of academic dishonesty. Key words : Role. Thruthfulness, academic, dishonesty","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128356785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presentation and Management Outcome of Umbilical Hernia in Children at the University Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville","authors":"E. Koutaba, Jean-Claude Miéret, C. N. Moukala, I. Ondima, M. Makanga","doi":"10.4314/ECAJS.V21I3.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJS.V21I3.24","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was aimed at determine the epidemiology, clinical and treatment outcome of childhood umbilical hernia at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Methods: It was a retrospective study undertaken conducted over a 15 months period from 1st January 2014 to 31st March 2015 in the pediatric surgery department of the University Teaching Hospital of Brazzaville. The study population included both male and female children under the age of 15 who underwent surgery for umbilical hernia. The study variables included the demographic and clinical features and management outcome of patients with umbilical hernias. Xi2 test was used to compare categorical variables. The significance threshold was set for a value of p <0.05. Results: During the period under review, 1152 children were hospitalized, of whom 185 were diagnosed with hernia including 98 (8.5%) who had umbilical hernias, a frequency of 8.5% of all hospitalizations and 53% of hospitalizations for hernias. The sex ratio was 2.3. The average age was 3.8 years (range 1 month to 15 years). Abdominal pain was the most frequent reason for consultation. The neck diameter was less than 1 cm in 51% and greater than 1 cm in 49% of cases. Surgical treatment was done in all our patients. The average hospital stay was 1.5 days. The surgical site infection was the main complication in 6.1% of cases. Keywords : umbilical hernia-child-Brazzaville.","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"161 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126087505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Profile and Outcomes of Traumatic Extradural Haematomas as Seen at The Nakuru Level Five Hospital in Kenya","authors":"N. Nasio","doi":"10.4314/ECAJS.V21I3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ECAJS.V21I3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An extradural haematoma (EDH) also referred to as epidural haematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the dura. Extradural haematomas are present in 1-2% of all head injury patients. In those who present in coma, extradural haematomas are present in 10% of them. Mortality rates have been reported to range from 5-43% in different regions of the world. Mortality is reportedly nil in patients who present without coma and 20% for those who present comatosed. Methods: A prospective cross sectional descriptive study of patients diagnosed with extradural haematoma by CT scan conducted at the Nakuru level five hospital between 1st January 2015 and 30th November 2015. Descriptive patient demographic data, clinical presentation data, investigations, surgical treatments offered, length of hospital stay and outcomes were captured using a questionnaire. Results: A total of 32 patients with extradural haematoma were recruited into the study. There was a male preponderance that accounted for 96.8% of patients. Their ages ranged from 5 to 64 years with a mean age of 30.75 years (+ 13.6) and. The commonest cause of injury was assault at 31.3% of all head injury patients followed by motorcycle related accidents at 28.1%. There were 34.4% mildly injured patients, 43.8% moderate and 21.9% of patients severely head injured. There were 8 deaths (25%) of the patients and 59.4% of the patients had good recovery. Low GCS, rhinorhoea, otorhoea, presence of an intracerebral haematoma, admission to the ICU, convulsions and loss of consciousness were associated with poor outcome.( p=0.00, 0.001, 0.022, 0.002, 0.009, 0.000, and 0.044 respectively). Conclusion: The extradural haematoma patient is mostly a young male. The commonest cause of extradural haematoma is assault/violence related followed by motorcycle accidents. There is an important co relationship between Glasgow coma score and outcome. Likewise Convulsions, loss of consciousness at any time after injury, otorhoea , rhinorhoea and presence of associated injuries worsened outcomes in this subset of extradural haematoma patients. Key words: Profile, outcomes, traumatic, extradural, haematomas","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"5 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114012404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3- Year Review of Patients with Chronic Empyema Treated Surgically at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"A. Tizazu, B. Nega","doi":"10.4314/ecajs.v21i3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ecajs.v21i3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Empyema thoracic is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. This study was aimed at determining the causes, clinical presentation, outcomes of surgical intervention and variables associated with adverse outcomes in patients with chronic empyema treated surgically. Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital based longitudinal case series analysis done at Tikur Anbessa Specialized referral hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All patients admitted and operated for chronic Empyema over a period of three year. (April 01, 2011 - March 30, 2014) were studied. Results: A total of 62 patients were operated for empyema thoracis. The Male to female ratio was 5.9:1 and mean age at presentation was 29.96+/-10.6 years. Patients presented after an average of 8.02 +/- 4.37 months from the onset of symptoms (range from 1-16 months). Shortness of breath 43(69.4%), cough 43(69.4%), chest pain 47(75.8%), fever 30(48.4%), weight loss 21(33.9%) poor appetite 9(14.5%) and haemoptysis 1(1.6%) were the leading causes of symptoms on admission. Thirty seven (59.7%) patients were previously treated for tuberculosis, 11 (17.7%) had pneumonia and 53(85.5%) of them gave history of trauma. The right {32(51.6%)} and left pleural space, {29(46.8%)} were affected with similar incidence. Only one patient was admitted with bilateral empyema. In the majority of patients, 46(74.2%), open thoracotomy with abscess drainage and decortications were done. In addition to this, either lobectomy or pnemonectomy was done for 4 (6.5%) and 7 (11.3%) patients respectively. Three patients were treated by rib resection and open drainage. The average post-operative hospital stay was 12 days (range 3 - 63days). Major complications encounter were lung laceration 15(24.2%), BPF 8(12.9), recurrent empyema 10(16.1%), and persistent air space 14(22.6%). Two (3.2%) patients died in their hospital stay. During follow up visits, 52(83.9%) patients had shown significant subjective improvement of symptoms. Conclusion: In general, our experience on the outcome of open thoracotomy and decortication done for chronic empyema was excellent with low mortality and very good Functional results as majority of patients either returned to normal activities or showed significant improvement of symptoms. Key words : Chronic Empyema, Decortication, Bronchopleural fistula","PeriodicalId":302666,"journal":{"name":"East and Central African Journal of Surgery","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122686791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}