Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy最新文献_第10页

Radiation Oncology Strategies for Patients with Poor Pulmonary Function in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma 非小细胞肺癌肺功能不良患者的放射肿瘤学治疗策略

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-11-04 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000261

A. Turaka

{"title":"Radiation Oncology Strategies for Patients with Poor Pulmonary Function in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma","authors":"A. Turaka","doi":"10.4172/2155-9619.1000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9619.1000261","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Recently, there is an emerging interest on lung cancer screening which can increase the incidence of lung cancer among the population in the coming. There was 20% reduction in mortality from lung cancer in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) with the use of low-dose computed tomography. NLST criteria included people between ages 55-74 years, ≥30 pack-years of smoking or <15 years since cession of smoking. Patients with early stage disease and young age, good performance status and pulmonary function tests are treated with curative intent including either surgery or combined treatment modalities, concurrent chemo-radiation therapy. Treatment of choice for medically inoperable group of patients is definitive radiation therapy (RT). Patients with poor pulmonary function (PF) are considered a contraindication to definitive RT. We discuss the role of RT and importance of dose escalation to achieve improved local control rates among patients with different stages of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with poor PF. Till date, there are no clinical practice guidelines or randomized prospective phase III studies to treat this subset of high-risk patients with RT dose escalation using advanced RT techniques like intensity modulation radiation therapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy (IMRT, VMAT). Also, there is limited evidence on the use of newer chemotherapy regimens with advanced RT techniques for NSCLC patients with poor PF except for retrospective data or phase I/II studies. Different tools to estimate and measure radiation pneumonitis (RP) along with the review of the published data on RP was done. Impact of newer RT techniques along with adaptive RT using mid-course PET scans for RT planning using photons and protons are also addressed.","PeriodicalId":302578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133657006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Calibration Process of OSL Detectors used for Staff and Patient Dosimetry in Hospital Environment 医院环境下工作人员和病人剂量测定用OSL检测仪的校准过程

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-11-04 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000259

N. Tunçel, B. Karayalçın, G. Koca

{"title":"The Calibration Process of OSL Detectors used for Staff and Patient Dosimetry in Hospital Environment","authors":"N. Tunçel, B. Karayalçın, G. Koca","doi":"10.4172/2155-9619.1000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9619.1000259","url":null,"abstract":"The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL-BeO) dosemeter is increasingly being used as a dosimetric technique in various fields such as medical dosimetry. According to our fixed dose protocol, the activities of 3.7-7.4 GBq I-131 source is used for thyroid carcinoma therapy. The in house calibration process for usage of OSL’s at hospital was arranged according to the encapsulated I-131. The measurement point was planned in three different radial distances from source free in air. The dose-rate measurement was done by Geiger-Muller (GM), and then three pieces of OSL was placed in the same positions for one hour. The inverse square law consistency was found (R2=0.99). The calibration coefficient was calculated. For determining the performance of OSL at different dose rates, it used for personnel and patient dosimetry. The average annual dose/2mon to the whole body for all staff by OSL were 0.80 mSv. After administration of 3.7 GBq (100 mCi) therapeutic dose to selected patients, the average pectoral dose was 97.5+32.6 mSv. This calibration process is helpful for confidence of OSL detectors used for dosimetry of staff and patients treated with high activity I-131.","PeriodicalId":302578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129223159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Systemic Review on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Therapeutic Targets, Pathways and Inhibitors 慢性髓系白血病的系统评价:治疗靶点、途径和抑制剂

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-10-19 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000257

Himansu Kumar, Utkarsh Raj, Saurabh Gupta, R. Tripathi, P. Varadwaj

{"title":"Systemic Review on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Therapeutic Targets, Pathways and Inhibitors","authors":"Himansu Kumar, Utkarsh Raj, Saurabh Gupta, R. Tripathi, P. Varadwaj","doi":"10.4172/2155-9619.1000257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9619.1000257","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a stem cell disorder, characterized by the translocation of 9th chromosome of Abelson (ABL) gene to the 22th chromosome of breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene. Consequently, translocation results into the chimeric oncogene BCR-ABL which encodes the BCR-ABL oncoprotein. CML is mainly a disease of adults but it can occur in any stage of life and it accounts around 15% of the all the types of leukemia. Various methods have been used to combat this disease like Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy; tyrosine kinase inhibitors etc., Imatinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor has dramatically improved the survival rate of CML patients, hence can be referred as first generation drug against the CML. Later on, recurrence of the disease in some treated patients has also been seen probably due to mutation in oncogenes. Researchers have started to find out more efficient tyrosine kinase inhibitors which can work on mutated oncoprotein and which can be referred as second or third generation drugs. In this review, special emphasis have been given to the carcinogenic mechanism of abnormal fusion of the BCR-ABL genes, current therapeutic options to prevent this disease, and Systems Biology approach to explore the CML associated biochemical pathways. Various advantages and disadvantages of the all therapeutic options to combat CML have also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":302578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124810901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Experiences from Introducing Standardized High Dose 131I-mIBG Treatment of Children with Refractory Neuroblastoma: Differences in Effective Dose to Patients and Exposure to Caregivers 引入标准高剂量131I-mIBG治疗难治性神经母细胞瘤儿童的经验:患者有效剂量和护理人员暴露的差异

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-10-19 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000258

Trine Hjørnevik, A. C. Martinsen, S. E. Hagve, Merethe Wigen Andersen, A. Mørk, J. Fjeld, E. Ruud

{"title":"Experiences from Introducing Standardized High Dose 131I-mIBG Treatment of Children with Refractory Neuroblastoma: Differences in Effective Dose to Patients and Exposure to Caregivers","authors":"Trine Hjørnevik, A. C. Martinsen, S. E. Hagve, Merethe Wigen Andersen, A. Mørk, J. Fjeld, E. Ruud","doi":"10.4172/2155-9619.1000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9619.1000258","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: High dose 131I-meta iodobenzylguanidine (131I-mIBG) combined with radiosensitizing topotecan and peripheral blood stem cell support is a promising treatment regimen for children with neuroblastoma (NB). Here we present our first experiences, with particular focus on in vivo whole-body dosimetry and radiation exposure to family caregivers and hospital staff. \u0000Methods: Five children with relapsed or refractory NB were treated during 2012-2014. 131I-mIBG was administered in two fractions at two weeks apart, aiming for a total whole-body radiation-absorbed dose of 4 Gy. The 131I-mIBG activity for the 2nd administration was calculated on the basis of the measured whole-body dose following the 1st administration. Patients were isolated in a lead-shielded room, and all caregivers and staff received radiation safety training, and carried an electronic personal dosimeter. \u0000Results: The total administered activity ranged from 5.1 to 28.6 GBq (median: 22.9 GBq), resulting in effective whole-body doses ranging from 2.1 to 4.3 Gy (median: 3.8 Gy). Two out of five patients deviated from the anticipated dose exposure defined by the treatment protocol; one patient received 4.3 Gy after a single administration, and for one patient the total whole-body dose was lower than anticipated (2.1 Gy). Radiation dose to family caregivers ranged from 0.1 to 8.0 mSv. For staff members, the overall radiation dose was low, and provided no concern regarding personal dosimetry. \u0000Conclusion: High-dose 131I-mIBG treatment of children with NB has been successfully established at our institution. Radiation doses to caregivers and hospital staff are acceptable and in compliance with national and international guidelines. Two out of five patients deviated from the anticipated dose exposure, hence, accurate dosimetry-guidance during administration of high dose 131I-mIBG treatment is necessary.","PeriodicalId":302578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132045731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

A Potential Role of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET in Modifying Eligibility to Surgery in Patients with Recurrent Meningioma 68Ga-DOTATOC PET在改善复发性脑膜瘤患者手术资格中的潜在作用

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-10-13 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000256

A. Bashir, Morten Ziebell, K. Fugleholm, I. Law

{"title":"A Potential Role of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET in Modifying Eligibility to Surgery in Patients with Recurrent Meningioma","authors":"A. Bashir, Morten Ziebell, K. Fugleholm, I. Law","doi":"10.4172/2155-9619.1000256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9619.1000256","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with meningioma usually undergo surgery with curative intent, based on conventional imaging techniques such as computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. However, unidentified tumor lesions at the time of surgery can render the surgery non-curative. In the last decade, positron emission tomography (PET) with somatostatin receptor ligand DOTA-D-Phy1 -Tyr3 -octreotide labeled with gallium-68 (68Ga-DOTATOC) has increasingly become an important tool in the management of meningiomas compared to conventional imaging. However, its indications are not well defined. We present a case of a 60-year old woman who presented with a recurrence of an anaplastic meningioma in the right occipital region, 29 months after the primary excision of an initial diagnosed atypical meningioma. Despite two subsequent surgical excisions and two courses of stereotactic radiation treatment over a period of 42 months, the tumor continued to recur at different sites. A PET scan performed with the tracer 68Ga-DOTATOC later revealed additionally small positive lesions, suggesting a meningioma composed of multiple foci. As meningioma recurrences, particularly with multiple foci, have a significant impact on determining treatment for the individual patient, a routine 68Ga-DOTATOC PET could help avoid non-curative surgery by identifying patients with multifocal disease.","PeriodicalId":302578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132336324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Incidental Detection of Thyroid Neoplasm on 99mTc-SestaMIBI Myocardial Perfusion Scan - A Novel Tumour Tracer Revisted 99mTc-SestaMIBI心肌灌注扫描偶然发现甲状腺肿瘤——一种新的肿瘤示踪剂

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-10-13 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000255

Manjit Sarma, P. Subramanyam, P. Sundaram

引用次数: 0

Cancer and Radiation Therapy 癌症及放射治疗

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-10-05 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000E113

E. Mananga

引用次数: 1

Primary Intraosseous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising from Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor 角化囊性牙源性肿瘤引起的原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-09-28 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000253

S. Ramya, S. Majumdar, D. Uppala, Nagahimabindu Vennamaneni

引用次数: 11

Bronchiectasis Masquerading as Lung Metastasis in a Patient with PapillaryCarcinoma Thyroid Identified by 131I Whole Body Scintigraphy 131I全身显像鉴别甲状腺乳头状癌支气管扩张伪装为肺转移1例

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-09-26 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000252

S. Padma, P. Shanmugasundaram, Firuz

{"title":"Bronchiectasis Masquerading as Lung Metastasis in a Patient with PapillaryCarcinoma Thyroid Identified by 131I Whole Body Scintigraphy","authors":"S. Padma, P. Shanmugasundaram, Firuz","doi":"10.4172/2155-9619.1000252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9619.1000252","url":null,"abstract":"Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), arising from thyroid follicular epithelial cells, accounts for the vast majority of thyroid cancers. Despite being well-differentiated, papillary thyroid cancers may be overtly or minimally invasive. They may invade lymphatics but are less likely to invade blood vessels. Iodine-131 (131I) is routinely used to image patients after thyroidectomy to assess the presence of residual thyroid tissue with or without metastasis. False positive 131I scans, showing the presence of 131I uptake in the absence of residual thyroid tissue or metastases can occur, although they are uncommon. Unless recognized as a false positive, 131I uptake may result in diagnostic error and lead to administration of an unnecessary higher therapeutic dose. We present a 55 year old female, histopathologically proven case of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma that underwent Total Thyroidectomy. Residual thyroid and whole body scan showed moderate residual thyroid tissue with abnormal 131I in right lung masquerading as right lung metastases. SPECTCT (single photon emission computed tomography – computed tomography) was incremental in localizing the site of 131I uptake to bronchiectatic changes. 131I diagnostic and post therapy scans are useful to risk stratify DTC patients’ so that amount of high dose 131I to be administered to patient can be estimated and judiciously used in their treatment.","PeriodicalId":302578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy","volume":"543 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116496970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MR Imaging of Non-Traumatic Intrinsic Brachial Plexus Neuropathy: Spectrum of Findings 非外伤性内生性臂丛神经病变的磁共振成像:表现谱

Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy Pub Date : 2015-09-18 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9619.1000246

J. Panwar, R. Jakkani, B. Thomas

{"title":"MR Imaging of Non-Traumatic Intrinsic Brachial Plexus Neuropathy: Spectrum of Findings","authors":"J. Panwar, R. Jakkani, B. Thomas","doi":"10.4172/2155-9619.1000246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9619.1000246","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Non-traumatic intrinsic neuropathy of the brachial plexus (BP) could be because of focal or diffuse involvement. The purpose of this article is to focus on MR imaging spectrum and illustrate key features of a variety of pathologic entities based on review of 21 imaging studies. This paper highlights the detailed MR anatomy, the imaging techniques and the spectrum of MR imaging appearances of focal and diffuse form of non-traumatic intrinsic brachial neuropathy. \u0000Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 140 consecutive BP MR examinations performed at our institution over a period of four years from August 2006 to August 2010. We excluded cases of diverse clinical data including both traumatic and non-traumatic extrinsic compressive brachial neuropathies occuring along the course of the BP. Of 140 MR imaging studies of the BP, 75 were excluded and remaining 65 imaging studies were included for review. BP was assessed for the calibre, continuity, presence and distribution of signal changes (focal or diffuse) and focal masses. \u0000Results: 21 of the 65 included imaging studies showed features of non-traumatic intrinsic BP neuropathy. The diagnosis was made on the basis of MR findings, electromyographic (EMG), clinical patient information and histopathological findings. The diagnosis included spectrum of neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions like perineurioma, radiation plexitis, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and hereditary motor sensory neuropathy (HMSN).","PeriodicalId":302578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129003131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1