Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology最新文献

Designing a Real-time Swept Spectrum Analyser with USRP B210 用USRP B210设计实时扫描频谱分析仪

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0275

N. Bello, K. Ogbeide

引用次数: 2

Designing a Spectrum Allocation Chart for Nigeria 设计尼日利亚的频谱分配图

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0277

N. Bello, F. Edeko

引用次数: 0

Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil by Transesterification Process using Heterogeneous Catalyst 多相催化下废食用油酯交换制备生物柴油的研究

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0308

A. Salihu, A. Mahmood, S. Gimba, P. Nzerem, I. Okafor

{"title":"Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil by Transesterification Process using Heterogeneous Catalyst","authors":"A. Salihu, A. Mahmood, S. Gimba, P. Nzerem, I. Okafor","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0308","url":null,"abstract":"Non-renewable diesel from fossil has been considered as potentially carcinogenic with serious harmful effect to human health and to the environment. This study aimed to produce a renewable diesel –biodiesel- via transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO), investigated and determined the most suitable amongst various types of heterogenous catalysts (viz a viz KOH/CaCO3, KOH/CaO and KOH/K2CO3). The chemical and physical characterisation of the biodiesel was been carried out. Among the catalysts investigated, KOH/CaCO3 catalyst showed the best catalytic performance in terms of % yield and better fuel quality in density, acid value, viscosity and free fatty acid. The reason for this performance may be due to its most basic characteristic than the others. As a result, this catalyst was selected for the optimisation study. At the optimum reaction conditions of 10 wt% catalyst loading and 1:10 oil to methanol feed mole ratio, triglycerides conversion was highest, 98.12%. The characterisation results shows that the parameters tested (i.e. density, viscosity, acid value and free fatty acid) meet the strict requirements of the biodiesel standard and therefore, the produced fuel can be used in place of the petrol diesel.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114890626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

High Voltage Overhead Powerlines Routing in Central Nigeria using GIS-MCDA Approach and Environmental Impact Factors 使用GIS-MCDA方法的尼日利亚中部高压架空电力线布线及其环境影响因素

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0320

O. Osarenren, J. Ehiorobo, O. Izinyon

{"title":"High Voltage Overhead Powerlines Routing in Central Nigeria using GIS-MCDA Approach and Environmental Impact Factors","authors":"O. Osarenren, J. Ehiorobo, O. Izinyon","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0320","url":null,"abstract":"High voltage overhead transmission line route selection has become a vital component of the power transmission line project life cycle as demand for electricity has increased and global awareness of the environmental implications of large-scale power projects has grown. The project necessitates meticulous planning, engineering designs, facility installations, commissioning, and maintenance, as any errors made at this stage may have a flowing detrimental impact on the following phase, which may be too costly to fix. Using geographic information system (GIS), multi-criteria decision analysis approach, and environmental impact factors strategies, this study determines the best route from existing geographical space between Lafia 330/132/33kV Substation in Nasarawa State and New Apo (Pigba) 330/132/33/kV Substation in the Federal Capital Territory, Central Nigeria, Abuja. Land use, land cover, and other environmental data were obtained by performing image classification on Landsat 8 satellite image using ArcGIS 10.1 to achieve this goal. Three key terrain elements were identified to define the land cover types: built-up areas, vegetation, and water bodies. These layers were created to reveal the locations of significant settlements, geological formations, and the HV-OHTL route that avoided crossing protected areas. Using pair-wise comparison of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach, each criterion evaluated was assigned relative weight that shows their level of influence on the proposed power transmission line, and these were provided as GIS layers for visualizations. To build the cost surfaces assessed during route selection for HV-OHTL, weights derived from AHP method for each decision makers were applied to all layers to create the cost surfaces analyzed during route selection for HV-OHTL.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"79 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116586151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration from a Lead-Zinc Mined Pit at Ebonyi State, Nigeria 尼日利亚埃邦伊州铅锌矿坑重金属浓度评估

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0288

C. Nwakanma, C. Nmecha, R. Onyeizu

{"title":"Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration from a Lead-Zinc Mined Pit at Ebonyi State, Nigeria","authors":"C. Nwakanma, C. Nmecha, R. Onyeizu","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0288","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the concentrations of heavy metals in soil and surface water from a Lead-Zinc mined pit at Enyigba, Ikwo Local Government Area in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected and analysed from different soil depths (0 – 15 cm) and (15 – 30 cm) at a tailing down (marked as TD) and refuse dumpsite (marked as RD) and a vegetation site 50 km away which was used as the control site. Surface water samples were collected from the Enyigba River from three (3) points (marked as point A, B, and C) and were analysed using routine laboratory procedures. The following parameters were analysed for soil: particle size distribution, pH, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic carbon, organic matter content, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, exchangeable acidity, and effective cation exchange capacity. The results for mean values of soil samples obtained at both depths were 58.86% (sand), 11.73% (silt) and 34.04% (clay). Mean values obtained for heavy metals from the soil for Iron (Fe) ranged from 3.31 to 2.24 mg/kg: Zinc (Zn) 0.70 to 0.62 mg/kg and Lead (Pb) 0.01 to 0.01 mg/kg). Results obtained for surface water around the mined pit showed mean values for Iron (Fe) 0.57 mg/L, Magnesium (Mg) 151.6 mg/L, Calcium (Ca) 76.62 mg/L, Chlorine (Cl2) 416.6 mg/L and Lead (Pb) 0.01 mg/L. The high concentrations of chlorine make the water unsuitable to be discharged on any agricultural land as plants could accumulate these metals and when consumed could pose serious threat to humans. The discharge from the mining site increased the already slightly high turbidity of the water to a much higher and undesirable level. The mining activity at Enyigba Ikwo LGA, Ebonyi State has negatively impacted the environment through the introduction of heavy metals in soil and surface water, thereby causing an increase in the pollution of the environment. It is recommended that further studies and monitoring should be carried out in the study location for possible remediation.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121867079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Fire Disaster Emergency Response Capacity using Open-source Data and Response Time Analysis in Ilorin Metropolis 基于开源数据和响应时间分析的伊洛林大都市火灾应急响应能力评估

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0281

H. Ahmadu, M. Idrees, D. Omar, A. Yusuf, O. Ipadeola, A. Alade, A. Abdulyekeen

{"title":"Evaluation of Fire Disaster Emergency Response Capacity using Open-source Data and Response Time Analysis in Ilorin Metropolis","authors":"H. Ahmadu, M. Idrees, D. Omar, A. Yusuf, O. Ipadeola, A. Alade, A. Abdulyekeen","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0281","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the response capacity to fire disaster emergency response system in Ilorin metropolis using Open-source data and response time analysis. Road and street information were obtained from Geofabrik. In addition, coordinates of fire service stations and fire disaster risk spots, specifically fuel and gas stations were acquired using Garmin 76X handheld GPS. Using the relationship of the length of road segments and speed, the travel time was computed in ArcGIS 10.4 environment. With the Network analyst tool, the response capability of the fire stations was evaluated at different response times (1, 2, and 3 minutes) based on service area coverage. The results showed that the fire stations could only cover 0.24%, 0.68%, and 1.22% of the service area within 1-, 2- and 3-minute response time, respectively, whereas 97.86% of the metropolis requires longer time (>3 minutes). Finding from this study has revealed the inadequacy of the existing fire disaster emergency response system to effectively cover the city. This will be useful for local and state governments in policy directives on strengthening fire disaster emergency response structure.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129576479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Waste Disposal Practices and its Environmental Implications 废物处置方法及其对环境的影响

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0284

C. Fakorede, G. T. Anguruwa, O. Ajayi, C. Odega

{"title":"Waste Disposal Practices and its Environmental Implications","authors":"C. Fakorede, G. T. Anguruwa, O. Ajayi, C. Odega","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0284","url":null,"abstract":"Waste generation is inevitable in every human society, although methods of disposal may differ from region to region especially developing and developed nations, yet waste disposal is generally necessary. This study therefore investigated waste disposal practices amongst residents of Oluyole local government area of Ibadan, Oyo State. It was observed that (44.4% ) and (32.4%) of the residents dumped their household refuse with government and private waste collectors respectively, but majority utilized improper waste disposal methods such as dumping in rivers (10.3%), roadsides(14.8%), open dumpsites (20.4%), gutter (9.3%), and open-air burning(33.3%). Larger proportion (97.5%) of the respondents strongly agreed that indiscriminate waste dumping has inimical environmental implications such as flooding, disruption of aesthetic beauty, disease, river pollution amongst others. In order to bring the situation under control, the respondents prefer the full involvement of the government waste collection agency instead of private waste collectors. It is therefore recommended that government waste collector should be empowered to penetrate more traditional core areas for more effective waste collection.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121864811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in Anatomical Features of Chromolaena Odorata during Phytoaccumulation of Heavy Metals 植物重金属积累过程中臭毛藻解剖特征的变化

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0285

G. Omoregie, B. Ikhajiagbe

{"title":"Changes in Anatomical Features of Chromolaena Odorata during Phytoaccumulation of Heavy Metals","authors":"G. Omoregie, B. Ikhajiagbe","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0285","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the accumulation of selected HMs by Chromolaena odorata and the concomitant effects on leaf anatomical features. Top soils were collected from a marked plot and pooled together to obtain a composite sample. The soil was sun-dried to constant weight and measured into experimental pots at 20kg each). The pots were divided into 5 metal groups with 3 sub-groups each. Each group was polluted with Manganese (Mn), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) in their respective chloride forms. Concentrations of the metals in the soil were initially based on their respective ecological screening value/benchmark (ESV). The ESV values for the 5 HMs were 50, 4, 100, 50 and 50 mg/kg respectively. Within each group, the respective HMs was applied in 3 concentrations of 1ESV, 3ESV and 5ESV. The control experiment consisted of plants grown in soils with no exogenous application of the test metals. The experiment was triplicated. Twenty hours later, equal sized stem cuttings of C. odorata (2.0 – 2.3cm in thickness, 30 cm in length) were planted per experimental pot. Six months later, results showed significant accumulation of metals in plant stem, leaves, and most especially the root. Mn was the most accumulated HM in all plant parts (9.22 – 17.86 mg/kg), compared to Cd (0.85 – 1.66 mg/kg).Significant changes in folial anatomy were reported in HM-impacted plants compared to the control. There were more upper epidermal stomata (270 – 353 mm2) in Mn-exposed plants compared to the others. Increase in vascular bundle thickness (p<0.01) was reported in HM-exposed plants compared to control. Highly significant decrease in stem parenchyma thickness (p<0.01) never the less parenchyma thickness of HM-exposed plants ranged from 46.37 – 49.53 µm in Zn and Pb-exposed plants compared to 79.23 µm in the control.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"47 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115938703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Spatio-Temporal Evaluation of Urban Growth of Zuru Metropolis, Nigeria 尼日利亚祖鲁大都市区城市增长的时空评价

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0293

Y.A. Maleeks, A. Ali̇yu, A. Bala, A. Isiaka, K. Atta

{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Evaluation of Urban Growth of Zuru Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Y.A. Maleeks, A. Ali̇yu, A. Bala, A. Isiaka, K. Atta","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0293","url":null,"abstract":"The pattern of development in a city is mostly governed by urban dynamics, with population increase being the primary driving force. Built-up cover is the most important predictor of urban expansion. Zuru metropolis in Kebbi State has witnessed remarkable developmental activities caused by human influences such as buildings, road constructions, and population growth for over decades. Urban growth was ascertained for a period of 30 years through the analysis of Landsat imagery of 1988, 1998, 2008 and 2018. The datasets were classified into five (5) land covers, namely, built-up, water body, rocky surface, vegetation, and others. Quantitative assessment of the urban growth was ascertained by computing post-classification LC dynamics and Land Consumption Rate/Land Absorption Coefficient (LCR/LAC). The results showed that the built-up cover (urban area) conspicuously increased with area of 693.35 ha, 728.74 ha, 5210.5 ha and 6845.75 ha respectively for the period of study (1988 – 2018). The increment in built-up area was indicative of population growth from 1988 to 2018. The study revealed that between 1988 to 2018 showed that built-up increased by 11.78%, while rocky surface and water body have shrunk by 16.44% and 0.02% respectively, which can be attributed to anthropogenic activities in which rocky surface and waterbody have been transformed into built-up cover. It further revealed that the urban area experienced crowdedness in the years 2008 and 2018 respectively due to high LCR values of 2.71% compared to LCR values of 0.0714% and 0.0558% in 1988 and 1998. Land transformation into urban area and spread of the population to the outskirts of the study area was prominent between 1998 and 2008 due to high LAC value of 0.0998. The study concluded that there was transformation of rocky surface and waterbody into urban area, which was caused by population growth, human and agricultural activities in Zuru metropolis.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126494516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Assessment of Environmental Awareness in Selected Areas of Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State 高原州乔斯北部地方政府辖区选定地区环境意识评估

Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0286

T. Lawuyi, P. Yohanna

{"title":"An Assessment of Environmental Awareness in Selected Areas of Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State","authors":"T. Lawuyi, P. Yohanna","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.02.0286","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental awareness is understanding the fragility of our environment, its susceptibility to the devastating impact of human activities and the how to protect and preserve it. The research work assessed the Environmental Awareness in selected areas of Jos North Local Government area of Plateau State as its objective. The survey covered a sample population of 300 drawn from the three selected areas namely; Terminus (CBD), Faringada/University of Jos and Tudun Wada areas. The studied variables included the demographic characteristics of respondents including their ages, sex, educational attainment, family size, types of energy sources for home and industrial use, environment predispositions, knowledge of localised and general environmental facts and issues. The result showed that of the respondents, 42.86% are secondary school students, 68.22% have attained tertiary level of education, 46.72% comply with views on proper waste disposal, 38.66% dump waste into the stream, 35.37% and 27.95% of households use electricity from the mains and kerosene for cooking while 4.80% and 13.68% reported their planting and felling trees respectively. The results further showed that of the respondents, 61.57% do not ride bicycle, 99.56% use some form of renewable energy, 61.28% crave green life style while 67.62% and 1.75% rely on electricity from the mains and on solar panel as primary source of energy generation. The null hypotheses I, II and III were rejected at 0.0005 (p<.05), degrees of freedom = 3,3 and 1, p-values = 48.023, 190.614 and 24.563 with respondents of tertiary level education having the highest number for knowledge of environmental awareness, age range of 36 – 55 years having the highest number of environmentally friendly life style and who received enlightenment on environmental issues through informal education higher than those who received enlightenment through formal education respectively.","PeriodicalId":299457,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133487398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0