Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Misconduct Risks, Legal Enforcement, and Venture Capital Networks","authors":"Douglas J. Cumming, A. Mohammadi, Simona Zambelli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3880532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3880532","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the differing role of enforcement on the formation of venture capital<br>(VC) syndication networks. We conjecture that public enforcement, with strong investigative<br>powers against any syndicate member, discourages the formation of denser syndication<br>networks due to misconduct risk by a member. By contrast, private enforcement, with strong<br>disclosure and liability standards, enables denser syndication networks, through clear liability<br>rules, standardized securities contracts, and cost sharing amongst syndicate members. Our VC data from 31 countries show a negative impact of public enforcement on VC networks, and partially support the positive impact of private enforcement depending on cultural conditions.","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130529698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culturally Derived Leadership Qualities: Dispositional Resilience Among Societies","authors":"Shawn G. Sejera","doi":"10.20474/jabs-4.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20474/jabs-4.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation of dispositional resilience in cultures and its relation to leader effectiveness is presented with an introduction on the study’s research problem, research question, dispositional resilience theory, differing dimensions of cultural and society, theoretical foundations of the variables through a definition of terms, literature review, a discussion of research methods and instruments, future analysis implications, and the author’s conclusions. The research purpose examines the levels of dispositional resilience characteristics in various cultures and how those characteristics affect leader effectiveness. Data analysis is conducted following a review of four studies with three studies having investigated the relationship of dispositional resilience on practitioner performance and stress levels. These studies reveal the Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS) as a valid and reliable instrument for measuring individual dispositional resilience (hardiness and resilience) and the GLOBE Study as valid and reliable frameworks for researching different cultures. Research, using One-Way ANOVA technique, determined a statistically significant difference of Confucian country cluster students compared with Latin American and Latin European country cluster students. Implications for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114996993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plugging the Diversity Leak and Strengthening the Legal Profession: Examining the Importance of Targeting Underrepresented Minorities on the Educational Pipeline to Law","authors":"Cielo Fortin-Camacho","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2943191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2943191","url":null,"abstract":"At first glance, the legal profession appears to be thriving with diversity. Three women, including one Hispanic woman, and one African American man currently serve on the United States Supreme Court. The country’s first African American president recently left office, taking with him the country’s first African American woman to hold the office of attorney general. This appearance of diversity is not particularly new — Presidents Barack Obama, Bill Clinton,and George W. Bush all had progressively more racially and ethnically diverse cabinet picks compared to their predecessors. The illusion of diversity persists even outside of politics and government, in the entertainment world, going back over 30 years with the likes of attorney Claire Huxtable in The Cosby Show and later Judge Phillip Banks, more commonly known as Uncle Phil on The Fresh Prince of Bel Air. Today, Emmy, Tony, and Oscar winner Viola Davis personifies a highly revered attorney and academic on How to Get Away with Murder and millions tune in weekly to watch attorney Olivia Pope balance a successful law firm and political career in Scandal. LGBT individuals, gay men in particular, also see greater representation as attorneys on television. Yet law is one of the least diverse professions in the United States. The vast majority of attorneys — 88% to be exact — are white and white males hold a majority of all high-ranking, prestigious positions. \u0000This persistent lack of diversity among legal professionals and individuals in leadership positions is more accurately portrayed by the optics of our current presidential administration. In its stark contrast to predecessors past, the administration of President Donald J. Trump exemplifies the state of diversity in the legal profession. Once all of President Trump’s cabinet picks are confirmed, women and non-whites will hold only six positions. There will be only three visible minorities in the cabinet — an African American, Asian American, and Hispanic American — and all three possess the highest level of academic achievement among cabinet members yet hold some of the lowest ranking cabinet or cabinet level positions. This Article does not attempt to blame the decrease in diversity on President Trump, or any other administration or official. Rather, the aim of this Article is to identify the importance of education in its role as the integral equalizer in achieving success in high-level leadership positions. In doing so, it becomes evident that diversifying the legal profession greatly depends on pipeline programs that target racial and ethnic minorities, or other narrowly focused minorities, and cultivate academic achievement. \u0000In an effort to quantify the value and potential reach of diversity pipeline programs, Part II of this Article begins by delineating and quantifying diversity in the United States population, in American law schools, and the legal profession. Part III discusses various goals of diversity and identifies the aim adopt","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114818469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fix the Game–Not the Dame: A Team Intervention to Restore Gender Equity in Leadership Evaluations","authors":"J. Gloor, Manuela Morf, Samantha C. Paustian‐Underdahl, U. Backes-Gellner","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3165925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3165925","url":null,"abstract":"The leadership literature shows consistent, sizeable, and persistent effects indicating that female leaders face significant biases in the workplace compared with male leaders. However, the social identity leadership literature suggests these biases might be overcome at the team level by adjusting the number of women in the team. Building on this work, we conducted 2 multiple source, multiple wave, multi-level randomized field experiments to test if the gender composition of teams helps to restore equity in leadership evaluations of men and women. Across two samples of university students engaged in a team-building exercise, we find that male leaders are rated as more prototypical leaders than female leaders despite no differences in leaders’ self-reported prototypicality; however, this male leadership advantage is eliminated in gender-balanced teams. In Study 2, we extend this finding by supporting a moderated mediation model showing that leader gender and the team’s gender composition interact to relate to perceived trust in the leader, through the mediating mechanism of leader prototypicality. Findings support the social identity model of organizational leadership and indicate a boundary condition of role congruity theory, bolstering our need for a more social relational, context-based approach to leadership.","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117264479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study on Indian and Japanese Management Techniques. Indian Perspective on Failures in Indo-Japanese Organizations","authors":"S. John, Sachin Soni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2433901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2433901","url":null,"abstract":"The Japanese management techniques always stand for and is known for quality, efficiency and innovation. By the influx of Japanese organizations in India it is evident that Indian businesses have benefited and management practices have been influenced by them. In spite of the positive influence by the Japanese, it is imperative to address the series of labor unrests in the Japanese collaborated organizations, its root causes and characteristics. This paper presents a comparative study of the general characteristics of Japanese and Indian management techniques and style and analyses of the root causes of the labor unrests from an Indian perspective. Comparative study has been done under five headings of Employment policies, Industrial relations, Work Organization, Operational and Managerial aspects and Operating Strategy. Analysis of the root causes of these labor unrest has given a deep insight into how cultural incompatibilities arise in organizations and how difficult it is to tackle it. The details of the labor unrests that happened in Maruti Suzuki Manesar plant and Toyota Kirloskar motors Banglore plant are also exhibited.","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121980963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Private Partnerships - A Study in Organizational Design.","authors":"K. Gopalan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2382648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2382648","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a study of Public Private Partnerships as a product of intelligent design and strategy elements. It constructs an integrative theoretical framework for infrastructure PPPs based on a comprehensive literature review. The Public Private Partnership is a public policy entity, sired by economics and nurtured by specific instruments of finance. Therefore any attempt to identify the organizational design elements necessitates an integrative cross-disciplinary perspective. The paper begins with an apparently simple question in Part I: What is a Public Private Partnership? But it moves beyond definitions to distinguish today’s PPPs from public-private interaction over history, and from outsourcing, contracting-out and privatization. A view of PPPs as a language game links it to New Public Management on the one hand, and also establishes our approach to PPPs as an organizational entity with defining characteristics on the other. Part II strengthens the theoretical framework connecting PPPs to NPM and Economics. It traces the changing view of organizations in Public Policy literature, from hierarchies to networks. This is paralleled by changes in economic thinking regarding the provisioning of public goods. Strategic Alliances, Resource Complementarity and the theory of Hybrid Organizations from Transactional Economics offer further rationale for PPPs. Part III continues the theme, dealing with the Risks associated with the ‘marriage of convenience’ between the private and public sectors. The possibility of Cheating and Opportunism are seen in the light of Transactional Cost Theory, Agency theory and Strategic Alliances. Part IV looks at organizational design elements which mitigate risk through cooperation and collaboration. We first look at Governance mechanisms, including PPP structure and financial instruments of risk management. Part V and VI are a discussion of organizational Trust and the strategies flowing from it. Here we see PPP as a partnership and process, and examine various strategies to bring about trust between public and private players. Part VII shifts from analysing the bilateral interactivity between the public and private partners, and places the PPP in the wider landscape of its engagement with the citizenry and community through a study of Accountability and Public Interest issues. Part VIII studies the potential advantages & disadvantages of PPPs and where their use is appropriate. Part IX looks at the Indian scenario, with policy recommendations to foster successful partnerships. The paper provides a useful theoretic framework to study PPPs. A modest contribution is its integrative view, combining the thinking in economics, public policy, organizational studies and finance to study PPPs. Secondly, it focuses attention not on the firm, but the Partnership, viewing it not as an entity, like a company, but a process. In doing so, it takes PPPs from the hard core of Economics and Finance, to the fuzzy pragmatism of Organi","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125122256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Examination of How Entrepreneurs in Hong Kong Perceive Personal Success Through Business Activities","authors":"Lisa Barnes, Perry Ho","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2082699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2082699","url":null,"abstract":"Hong Kong is seen as a world leader in building and developing its economy and entrepreneurs have a unique status in Hong Kong. These entrepreneurs constitute a majority of businesses and employ a significant part of the population and thus are vital for the economy of Hong Kong. This research evaluates the various components of the perception of success of these entrepreneurs and to draw conclusions that will benefit the educators, the legislators as well as the new entrants wishing to become entrepreneurs. It has been found that the main source of entrepreneurial success in Hong Kong is of very complex origin. While the normal rules of sound business principles, as found in the Western business world, are a necessity, a large part of the success is attributed to exceptional leadership qualities. Leadership in the East has connotations of deep respect for all sections of the society and based on Confucian principles of kindness and contributions quite different from that of the West. The Hong Kong entrepreneur seems to succeed when they are able to blend the best qualities of the East and the West.","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130871852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managers’ Selection: Survivors Always Look Better, Whether They Are Skilled or Not","authors":"Dominic Clermont","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2048140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2048140","url":null,"abstract":"Survivorship bias is present and part of our due diligence process. Whether a manager’s performance database is “free of survivorship bias” or not, the typical use of the database by investors and consultants induce such effect and may lead them to improper conclusions and decisions. The impact of survivorship bias is much greater for low-skilled managers making it virtually impossible to distinguish between skilled and non-skilled “surviving” managers based solely on performance. Survivorship bias also has a much greater impact on high risk investment strategies, something to keep in mind when considering highly concentrated portfolios. Finally, survivorship bias may induce positive correlation between value added and active risk, even when there is no correlation (i.e. for non-skilled managers).","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115039138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Workplace Ethics of Public Servants in Developing Countries","authors":"Y. Lee, Young U. Kang, Hun-Joon Park","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2000501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2000501","url":null,"abstract":"Are the workplace ethics of public servants in developing countries as dismal as one infers from the international corruption perception index (CPI)? A survey of 888 KOICA fellows of the class of 2010 shows that on a five-dimension workplace ethics — work ethic, job competence, public service attitude, familiarity with ethical rules, and expectation of ethical conduct to have a bearing on career advancement — public servants in developing countries are not far apart from their counterparts in Korea, although they are noticeably inferior to their counterparts in South Korea on the subjects of work ethic and familiarity with ethical rules. Regression analysis shows that the CPI of 2010, the economists’ democracy index, and per capita income are neither a good reflection of the workplace ethics of public servants in developing countries, nor a signal indication of their moral and ethical leadership in public agencies and organizational ethical cultures. The study finds that moral and ethical leadership in governmental agencies, the adequacy of wages and salaries paid to public servants, and organizational ethical culture are the institutional factors that have the most significant bearing on the workplace ethics of public servants in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121806583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Describing the Shuttle Leadership Model of Second Level Indigenous Leaders in Fiji","authors":"Vernon T. Cox","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2047567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2047567","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this grounded theory study was to describe the leadership model second level Indigenous Fijian leaders employ to shuttle between villagers and Westerners. This type of systematic design approach is appropriate due to the requirement to gain a deep understanding of the perceptions of this South Pacific leadership community. The Indigenous Fijian leaders shuttled from a pre-colonial to colonial to post-colonial society without losing their established methods of leadership or land ownership. This method of shuttling was accomplished without debilitating regional conflict. The terms politeness, food gathering, people mapping, love, village interaction, and volunteerism were revealed as positive personal definitions of the shuttle model used by Fijian Indigenous second level leaders. In conjunction, the personal definition rudeness was the negative term associated with the shuttle model used by Fijian Indigenous second level leaders.","PeriodicalId":299176,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Studies of Leadership eJournal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131173817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}