{"title":"Confucianism and Daoism: From Max Weber to the Present","authors":"A. Sun","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00702001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00702001","url":null,"abstract":"It has been over a century since the 1915 publication of Max Weber’s The Religion of China: Confucianism and Daoism. In the past decades, we have been wrestling with Weber not only over the issue of the rise of the spirit of modern capitalism in China, but also the issue of Confucianism as a religion in China. However, the second half of Weber’s seminal text, which is on Daoism, is often ignored. For Weber, Confucianism as the orthodoxy and Daoism as the heterodoxy are two halves of Chinese society that cannot be separated. Their interdependence creates the very fabric of Chinese social, political, and religious life. In this special issue, we have gathered scholars of Confucianism as well as of Daoism to have an open conversation with one another. These papers originated from the symposium “Confucianism and Daoism: From Max Weber to the Present,” sponsored by the Purdue University Center on Religion and Chinese Society, which took place on March 11, 2018. It does not happen often that scholars of Confucianism and scholars of Daoism come together for discussions of Weber as well as their own respective research projects. We were especially fortunate to have a group of interdisciplinary scholars from fields as diverse as sociology, religious studies, East Asian Studies, history, and philosophy. In “The Last Confucian in the Rice Paddy of Java,” Yong Chen examines the case of Confucianism in contemporary Indonesia through the lens of an anthropology of Confucianism. He asks how “popular Confucianism,” which has components of religious traditions beyond Confucianism, can inform us about the larger sociopolitical and cultural conditions of contemporary Confucianism. By pushing the boundaries of what it means to live a Confucian life, Chen suggests that Confucianism as lived experiences is often far more porous and expansive than what is commonly assumed. In “From Female Daoist Rationality to Kundao Practice,” Robin Wang compares two cases of female Daoist","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46681382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00702011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00702011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41940314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Issue: Chinese Buddhism from Holmes Welch to the Present","authors":"Gareth Fisher","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00701001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00701001","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of Review of Religion in Chinese Society is devoted to an examination of the state of the field in scholarship on Chinese Buddhism since the death of Mao. It is based on a consultative meeting that was held at the Center on Religion and Chinese Society at Purdue University on April 28, 2018. The meeting featured a discussion among leading scholars in contemporary Chinese Buddhism whose revised work is presented in this issue. Drawing on our discussions at the consultative meeting, the articles in this issue extend the legacy of Holmes Welch, whose three monographs on modern Chinese Buddhism (Welch 1967, 1968, 1972) broke new ground beyond the textual studies of the time to present a rich picture of Chinese Buddhism as a lived tradition in early to mid-twentieth century China. All of the contributors to this issue have undertaken extensive longitudinal studies of Buddhism in the post-Mao era and here combine their own findings with a critical discussion of the growing corpus of social scientific studies of contemporary Chinese Buddhism. Three of the contributors have published their own monographs on the topic (Fisher 2014; Borchert 2017; Caple 2019) while the other two have published seminal articles and edited volumes (Gildow 2014; Travagnin 2016, 2019). Douglas Gildow begins the issue with a survey of developments in Han Chinese monasticism since the beginning of the post-Mao revival in the late 1970s. Drawing extensively from his own recent ethnographic research, Gildow questions the notion of a continuous revival of monastic institutions and lineages over the last forty years, suggesting instead that after an initial period of revival in the last two decades of the twentieth century, monasticism has plateaued and even may be now on the decline. Gareth Fisher’s article complements Gildow’s by discussing the evolution of the laity within Han Chinese","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00701001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44876662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Online Buddha Halls to Robot-Monks","authors":"Stefania Travagnin","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00701006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00701006","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between religion and the new media has affected the perception that society has of religion, changed cardinal structures in the relationship between religious practice and religious authorities, and also transformed features and functions of the media. If we look at mainland China today, religious individuals and groups have their own WeChat and Weibo accounts, and internet websites; some believers operate solely in cyberspace and perform rituals online; and commercials often adopt religious symbols to brand nonreligious products. In other words, we find religious people or organizations that use (and even own) different media platforms as channels of communication; we also see that religious imageries are more and more put to use in the secular domain for nonreligious purposes.\u0000This article will analyze how and why Buddhists have resorted to social and digital media and even robotics to preach the Dharma and attract potential new followers, but also to redefine their public image in the wider Chinese society. This study also will ask whether the state has directed or merely engaged with this new Dharma media-enterprise, and in what way. In addressing these questions, one section of this article will explore the creation of the robot-monk Xian’er (at the Longquan Monastery, Beijing). Xian’er’s creation will be considered in relation to similar androids, placed in dialogue with the current debate on the use of robotics in religion, and viewed from posthumanist perspectives.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00701006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00602013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00602013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00602013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46301463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Official Protestantism in China","authors":"Karrie J. Koesel, Yi-Peng Hu, J. Pine","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00601005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00601005","url":null,"abstract":"What do we know about Protestant Christianity in contemporary China? How is it organized; where, why, and how is it growing; and how do we understand its evolving relationship with the party-state? The purpose of this article is to evaluate the state of official Protestantism in China and take stock of what we have learned. We do so in three ways. One is to identify the origins of state-sanctioned Protestantism; another is to evaluate conflicting claims about church size, growth, and demographics; and the third is to suggest directions for future study.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00601005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43277017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rise of the “Underground” Catholic Church in Early Reform-Era China","authors":"P. Mariani","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00601003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00601003","url":null,"abstract":"This essay aims to present a detailed account of the restoration of the Catholic Church in Shanghai during 1979–1981 and then to explain how the arrests and suppression of Catholic leaders in late 1981 solidified the division between the official and underground Catholic churches. Two of the major factors that lead to the reemergence of the Shanghai Catholic underground community were the release and rehabilitation of veteran priests and other Catholic leaders and the dissemination of a 1978 Vatican decree that gave great latitude to the church, which was functioning in “difficult circumstances.” The essay ends with a discussion of current prospects of the Catholic Church in China.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00601003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45554610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab, written by Kristian Petersen, (2018)","authors":"T. G. Brown","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00601008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00601008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00601008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45720142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shanghai Sacred: The Religious Landscape of a Global City, written by Benoȋt Vermander, Liz Hingley, and Liang Zhang","authors":"Mark McLeister","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00601009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00601009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00601009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49188933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Looking Back, Looking Forward","authors":"Carsten Vala","doi":"10.1163/22143955-00601006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-00601006","url":null,"abstract":"This essay sketches the current state of fieldwork-based studies of Christianity in China, focusing on monographs published from 2008 to 2018. It discusses strengths and gaps in research paradigms (religious economy or market theory; rational-actor bargaining; institutional theory; religious ecology), levels of analysis (macro- or national level; meso- or regional level; micro- or congregational level), and modes of interaction (resistance-domination; negotiation; cooperation) in an effort to point out areas rich for future research: the impact of theologies and denominations, the existence of regional models of Christianity, and the study of money, real estate, social service, syncretism, and religious decline.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/22143955-00601006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44674079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}