Bronze Age Lives最新文献

3 The life of objects 物体的生命

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-003

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List of figures 数字清单

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-202

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2 The life of people 2 .人的生活

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-002

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1 The life of the Bronze Age 1青铜时代的生活

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-001

J. Deshayes, B. Hänsel

{"title":"1 The life of the Bronze Age","authors":"J. Deshayes, B. Hänsel","doi":"10.1515/9783110705805-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110705805-001","url":null,"abstract":"This book concerns a period of the past that was dynamic and world-changing, the Bronze Age in Europe. Of course most scholars can make a case that the period they study was just as dynamic, and changed the world just as much as the Bronze Age did, but I shall argue in these pages that what happened in Europe between 2500 and 800 BC was so remarkable that it transcends the achievements of any period that went before it, and foreshadowed the technical and social developments of the Iron Age, themselves a direct prelude to the achievements of the Graeco-Roman world. The Bronze Age was a period that spanned some 1700 years, from around 2500 BC to around 800 BC – depending on area and definition (e.g. whether the Beaker period is regarded as belonging to the Copper Age or the Bronze Age). Traditionally it has been divided into three main chunks, usually labelled Early, Middle and Late, roughly 2500– 1800, 1800– 1300, and 1300–800 BC (scholars in individual countries have their own way of describing and dividing the material). In this book I use these labels in a general way, without making any assumptions about exact chronology – though in Chapter 5 I do consider the radiocarbon dates from two sites, with a view to establishing episodes of violence. Radiocarbon dating is now so developed, particularly when large series of dates can be subjected to Bayesian analysis, that it is already possible in some areas to indicate a refined chronology for the period, or at least some parts of it. In areas where there are still not enough dates for this purpose (either because not enough suitable samples have been encountered, or because of local prejudices against the method), the way to get a reliable chronology is now quite clear. Dates given in this book are based on radiocarbon, and should therefore be followed by “cal BC” rather than BC. In reality, however, this account is not about chronology or typology, and anyone seeking to study such matters should look elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":298766,"journal":{"name":"Bronze Age Lives","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131134529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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5 The life of societies 社会的生活

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-005

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6 The afterlife of the Bronze Age 6青铜时代的来世

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-006

{"title":"6 The afterlife of the Bronze Age","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110705805-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110705805-006","url":null,"abstract":"Many aspects of the Bronze Age had a life, as the previous chapters have discussed. People, objects, places and societies all came into being, lived their life, and then passed away. This is what a study of the ancient past consists of – examination of the surviving data, speculating on its meaning, and attempting to understand and describe the phenomena involved. But the lives I have outlined remain shadowy.We cannot experience Bronze Age life directly, certainly not in pre-literate Europe.We may suppose that Bronze Age people experienced emotions and states of mind just as we do; they interacted with their families and their neighbours, some of them also with people from far outside their local environment. They fought each other, and they exercised the arts of peace. The things people made were an integral part of their interaction with the world around them; they brought them into being and were in turn influenced by them. The places that people inhabited were changed by them, and in turn changed them; the turning of space into place is a social act and reflects social dynamics. And the societies in which people lived were dynamic things, changing and shifting as the interactions between people changed and shifted; the people who lived in those societies were in turn influenced by them. These lives went on in parallel with the developments in technology and economy that characterise the 1700 years with which I have been concerned. The achievements of the Bronze Age are most easily seen in the craftsmanship of the products of the period, some of which are spectacular. In bronzework, it may be objected that China led the way; nothing in Europe compares with the extraordinary and intricate vessels and figures produced during the Shang Dynasty, coeval with much of the European Bronze Age. Nevertheless, the Trundholm sun chariot, the lurs of Scandinavia or the horns and crotals of Ireland, show a mastery of the medium that reflects a very high degree of skill. The Bronze Age goldwork of Ireland or Scandinavia, or the gold conical hats of central Europe, are on a par with anything produced in gold in China at the same period. The Nebra disc, while not on the same technical level as these objects, is remarkable in a quite different way, indicating as it does an interest in the heavenly bodies that appears to be both developed and sophisticated. In pre-industrial societies, people were obviously much more aware of the bodies in the night sky than we are today; astronomical knowledge was of course highly developed in Egypt and Mesopotamia, and the Nebra disc suggests that there were skilled observers of the night sky in Europe as well. They were also highly skilled in the extraction of minerals from the ground; not just copper and tin, but gold, salt and stone.","PeriodicalId":298766,"journal":{"name":"Bronze Age Lives","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122258888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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4 The Life of Places 《地方的生活

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-004

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Frontmatter

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-fm

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Index 指数

Bronze Age Lives Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1515/9783110705805-008

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