Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities最新文献

Introductory Chapter: Biofuels - Challenges and Opportunities 导论章:生物燃料-挑战与机遇

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2019-01-28 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84267

Mansour Al Qubeissi

引用次数: 0

Valorization of Wastes for Biodiesel Production: The Brazilian Case 生物柴油生产的废物价值:巴西案例

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81879

L. Nascimento, Deborah Terra de Oliveira, Alex Vieira de Oliveira, Luiza H. O. Pires, Carlos EmmersonFerreira da Costa, G. N. Filho

引用次数: 4

Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol Blending with Gasoline Using Engine Simulation 乙醇与甲醇混合汽油的发动机仿真比较

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81776

S. Iliev

{"title":"Comparison of Ethanol and Methanol Blending with Gasoline Using Engine Simulation","authors":"S. Iliev","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81776","url":null,"abstract":"During the last years, concerns regarding climate change, decline of energy security, and hydrocarbon reserves have resulted in a wide interest in renewable alternative sources for transportation fuels. Methanol and ethanol have been possible candidates as alternative fuels for the internal combustion engines because they are liquid and have several physi-cal and combustion properties which resemble those of gasoline. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop the one-dimensional model of a gasoline engine for predicting the effect of various fuel types on engine performances, specific fuel consumption, and emis - sions. Commercial software AVL BOOST was used to examine the engine characteristics for different blends of methanol, ethanol, and gasoline (by volume). A comparison was made between the results gained from the engine simulation of different fuel blends and those of gasoline. They show that when blended fuel was used, the engine brake power decreased and the BSFC increased compared to those of gasoline fuel. When blended fuel increases, the CO and HC emissions decrease, and there is a major increase in NOx emissions when blended fuel increases up to 30% M30 (E30). Increase in the percentage of ethanol and methanol leads to a significant increase in NOx emissions.","PeriodicalId":298127,"journal":{"name":"Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128793636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Engineering Microbial Consortia for Bioconversion of Multisubstrate Biomass Streams to Biofuels 多基质生物质流生物转化为生物燃料的工程微生物联盟

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80534

Fang Liu, Eric A. Monroe, Ryan W. Davis

{"title":"Engineering Microbial Consortia for Bioconversion of Multisubstrate Biomass Streams to Biofuels","authors":"Fang Liu, Eric A. Monroe, Ryan W. Davis","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80534","url":null,"abstract":"Production of biofuels from nonfood biomass has emerged as a sustainable option to address the problems associated with growing enery demand for transportation, heating, and industrial processes, in the context of diminishing petroleum reserves and global climate change. Biomass resources such as lignocellulose-rich biomass and microalgae, despite being abundant pose several challenges for efficient bioconversion to biofuels. Major challenges that must be addressed are the chemical complexity of the biomass and the associated feedstock variability. In this chapter, the role of microbial consortium-based biocatalysis strategies that are being developed to address these issues are reviewed and discussed. Microbial coculture biocatalysts are systems that are engineered to specialize in the conversion of a general class of substrates present in the biomass hydrolysates into biofuel intermediates, providing the capability of adapting to the variable composition of the feedstock. The techniques being developed to understand the interactions between the members of the bioconversion consortia and the corresponding population dynamics of the engineered cocultures are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":298127,"journal":{"name":"Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131013617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Biodiesel in Brazil Should Take Off with the Newly Introduced Domestic Biofuels Policy: RenovaBio 巴西新出台的国内生物燃料政策:RenovaBio将推动生物柴油的发展

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79670

Fernando C. De Oliveira, S. Coelho

{"title":"Biodiesel in Brazil Should Take Off with the Newly Introduced Domestic Biofuels Policy: RenovaBio","authors":"Fernando C. De Oliveira, S. Coelho","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79670","url":null,"abstract":"Our planet’s climate has experienced changes mainly ascribed to the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which accumulates in the atmosphere and causes an increase in the Earth’s average temperature. In 2015, heads of state and scientists from several countries met in Paris to discuss measures aimed at curbing greenhouse gas emissions in order to limit that temperature rise to 2°C by the end of this century. As CO 2 needs to be banned from our environment for the sake of our own planet, it is reasonable for biofuels to pres- ent themselves as clean alternatives for the gradual replacement of fossil fuels. Biodiesel stands as an option. After 2005, some public policies were created in Brazil as an attempt to establish biodiesel as a replacement for mineral diesel, mainly in the transport sector. Although moderately successful, none of them compare in scope and reach to RenovaBio, a domestic biofuels policy that will make the production and use of biodiesel take off, once and for all. Therefore, herein, we present a brief overview on the status of the biodiesel production and use before the enactment of this new biofuels policy and the forecast of what it is expected to happen after its implementation.","PeriodicalId":298127,"journal":{"name":"Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131914977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Development and Implementation of Virtual Instrumentation for the Measurement of Operating Parameters of an Engine Using Diesel-Biodiesel Mixtures 使用柴油-生物柴油混合物的发动机运行参数测量的虚拟仪器的开发与实现

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80533

Armando Pérez, Rogelio Ramos, G. Montero, Conrado García, Marcos A. Coronado, Héctor E. Campbell, R. Delgado, AlejandroSuástegui

{"title":"Development and Implementation of Virtual Instrumentation for the Measurement of Operating Parameters of an Engine Using Diesel-Biodiesel Mixtures","authors":"Armando Pérez, Rogelio Ramos, G. Montero, Conrado García, Marcos A. Coronado, Héctor E. Campbell, R. Delgado, AlejandroSuástegui","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80533","url":null,"abstract":"Through a reaction of alkaline transesterification of soybean oil using sodium methoxide, biodiesel denominated as B100 was obtained, with which four mixtures of diesel-biodiesel B2, B5, B10, and B20 were prepared. Kinematic viscosity and high heating value of the four blends, B100, and diesel were determined. The blends, B100, and diesel were used in a motor of four cylinders in-line engine, air intake at atmospheric pressure with a power of 250 hp and 6000 cm 3 , operating at a constant rate of 850 ± 50 rpm, a temperature of 25°C, and a relative humidity of 50%. To monitor the emissions, rpm, fuel consumption, and temperature in the engine’s exhaust manifold, which operates with diesel-biodiesel mixtures, an integral instrument that uses the virtual instrumentation technology was developed in the programming platforms LabVIEW 2010 and ARDUINO. The development and implementation of the virtual instrument allow monitoring in real time the parameters of internal combustion engines and presents the versatility, flexibility, scal-ability, and capacity to function in equipment that operates with different liquid fuels at a lower cost than the one that conventional systems offered. These characteristics represent a significant benefit in comparison with the measurement and monitoring systems in the present market.","PeriodicalId":298127,"journal":{"name":"Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129693357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chemical Kinetic and High Fidelity Modeling of Transesterification 酯交换反应的化学动力学和高保真建模

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80008

I. Janajreh, Manar Almazrouei

{"title":"Chemical Kinetic and High Fidelity Modeling of Transesterification","authors":"I. Janajreh, Manar Almazrouei","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80008","url":null,"abstract":"The modeling and simulation of transesterification require an understanding of the chemical reactions that take place inside the reactor. The development of reaction mechanism of the multiple step triglyceride, triglycerides and mono-glycerides and their reversal reaction is beyond the interest of chemical or mechanical engineers, whose main interests are to assess the conversion overall and to establish performance process metrics. This chapter undertakes the transesterification conversion by firstly establishing and formulating the overall process kinetics as far as the rate constant and activation energy. Secondly, use the obtained kinetic values to carry out high fidelity reactive flow of the multiple species which are co-present inside the reactor and otherwise complex to capture experimentally. Following these two steps, this work provides qualitative and quantitative information on the concentration of the reactants, intermediates and the overall yield. This two-stepapproach can also be utilized as reactor design tool and gaining in-depth insight on reaction progress and species distribution. Experimental results, high-fidelity numerical results, and parametric sensitivity studies will be introduced and discussed.","PeriodicalId":298127,"journal":{"name":"Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132046421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Measurement of Limited and Unlimited Emissions during Burning of Alternative Fuels in the Tractor’s Engines 拖拉机发动机燃烧替代燃料时有限和无限排放的测量

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79705

J. Jablonicky, D. Uhrínová, J. Tulík, Ján Polerecký

引用次数: 1

Properties of Torrefied Palm Kernel Shell via Microwave Irradiation 微波辐照固化棕榈仁壳的性能研究

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81374

Razi Ahmad, M. Ishak, N. N. Kasim, K. Ismail

引用次数: 3

Effect of Binary Fuel Blends on Compression Ignition Engine Characteristics: A Review 二元燃料混合物对压缩点火发动机特性的影响

Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80566

Paramvir Singh, S. Chauhan, Varun Goel

{"title":"Effect of Binary Fuel Blends on Compression Ignition Engine Characteristics: A Review","authors":"Paramvir Singh, S. Chauhan, Varun Goel","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80566","url":null,"abstract":"Diversified research in alternate sources arises become necessity due to higher consump- tion of fossil fuels along with their adverse impacts on the environment, even to the point of complete elimination of diesel from compression-ignition (CI) engines. Binary fuel blend (a blend of low and high viscous fuel) is one of the best environmentally friendly alternative in CI engines. Blending of methyl ester with edible and nonedible oils in different volumetric ratios has the potency to give a stable mixture and that can be used as a fuel in diesel engines. The main motive for the blending of two fuels is that the inferior properties of one biofuel remunerate from improved properties of the other fuel consider-ably improves the physicochemical properties of the blend. The present study provides comprehensive information on the emission and performance characteristics of binary biodiesel-oil fuel blends. Most researchers had suggested optimum blends from their respective studies that support capability for complete elimination of diesel from CI engines. Some researchers have used this binary fuel blend with minor adjustments to the engine parameters. These investigations have provided positive results. The comprehensive review concluded that binary fuel approach has potential to completely eliminate diesel from CI engines.","PeriodicalId":298127,"journal":{"name":"Biofuels - Challenges and opportunities","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124153920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2