Precision ChemistryPub Date : 2026-01-27eCollection Date: 2026-04-27DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c00179
Karan Surana, Bhaskar Bhattacharya, Saurabh S Soni
{"title":"Comprehensive Insight into the Emerging World of Carbon Dots for Applications in Energy and Metal Ion Sensing.","authors":"Karan Surana, Bhaskar Bhattacharya, Saurabh S Soni","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advancement in carbonaceous materials has paved the way for the emergence of Carbon Dots (CDots), which are fluorescent nanoparticles occurring in various shapes and sizes. Over the past two decades, they have been synthesized by several methods in various forms. The choice of precursors and reaction conditions can be used to tailor the properties of the resultant CDots, as desired. The optoelectronic properties of CDots offer a wide array of choices, which promotes their application in various fields of science and technology, particularly in metal-ion sensing, energy harvesting and storage devices. This review is primarily focused on exploring the applications of CDots in these arenas and upcoming hybrid technologies. The challenges hindering the commercialization of CDots and their current stage of development are discussed in this study. Additionally, potential avenues for improvement are outlined, offering insights into strategies that could accelerate their practical applications and large-scale deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"342-361"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precision ChemistryPub Date : 2026-01-22eCollection Date: 2026-03-23DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c00285
Tayssir Hamieh
{"title":"A Thermodynamically Consistent Formulation of the Fundamental Equation in Inverse Gas Chromatography for an Accurate Determination of Solid Surface Properties.","authors":"Tayssir Hamieh","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00285","DOIUrl":"10.1021/prechem.5c00285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The classical theory of inverse gas chromatography (IGC) assumes that adsorbed probe molecules behave as a perfect two-dimensional gas, a simplification that leads to large systematic errors in the surface energy and Lewis acid-base calculations. We introduce a corrected formulation for the Gibbs free energy of adsorption, Δ<i>G</i> <sub><i>a</i></sub> <sup>0</sup>(<i>T</i>) = Δ<i>G</i> <sub><i>a</i></sub> <sup>0*</sup>(<i>T</i>) + <i>f</i>(<i>T</i>, Σ), where <i>f</i>(<i>T</i>, Σ) accounts for temperature and specific surface area effects. Applied to 17 solid surfaces and 19 solvents, the deviation function proved essential, as the classical models produced errors exceeding 1000%. Errors decreased with an increasing surface area, confirming the physical origin of the deviation. This framework redefines the thermodynamic foundation of IGC, enabling accurate determination of dispersive and polar surface energies and necessitates a reevaluation of decades of published data. Although both van der Waals and Redlich-Kwong equations correct the classical IGC formulation, the Redlich-Kwong model yields the best agreement with experimental data with discrepancies between models diminishing as the solid surface area increases.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 3","pages":"323-337"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13014339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Biscarbazole-Based Donor-Acceptor Architectures with Diverse Acceptors Enabling Ultrasensitive Dopamine Detection.","authors":"Huabi Xie, Chengye Yuan, Yu Zuo, Peng Xu, Ningwen Sun, Hongxing Jia, Jinjin Ding, Qiang Huang, Jinling Zhang","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, employing biscarbazole as the electron donor and aromatic rings with varied electronic effects as acceptors, four homologous donor-acceptor architectures (<b>CzDAa ∼ d</b>) were synthesized and characterized. Their steady-state spectroscopy and transient spectroscopy were then investigated. Interestingly, all displayed intense fluorescence emission in the visible region, and their intramolecular charge transfer character was then disclosed by solvent-dependent fluorescence spectra. As a result, with the enhancement of the electron-accepting capability of the acceptor, the corresponding structure exhibited a significantly red-shifted emission. Subsequently, strong and stable electrochemiluminescence emission was observed for all target structures. Surprisingly, <b>CzDAb</b> with a thienyl group as the acceptor displayed the strongest electrochemiluminescence emission, which was selected as an electrode material to construct a highly efficient sensor for dopamine detection, validating the practical potential of those D-A structures. This study provides insights into the regulation of the photoelectric properties of D-A architectures and extends their application in the field of sensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"362-367"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precision ChemistryPub Date : 2026-01-21eCollection Date: 2026-04-27DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c00326
Fabia Cenciarelli, Demetra Giuri, Silvia Pieraccini, Sofia Chinelli, Devis Montroni, Simone D'Agostino, Claudia Tomasini
{"title":"Fine Tuning of Tyrosine-Derived Amphiphilic and Bolaamphiphilic Gelators for the Formation of pH-Responsive Supramolecular Gels.","authors":"Fabia Cenciarelli, Demetra Giuri, Silvia Pieraccini, Sofia Chinelli, Devis Montroni, Simone D'Agostino, Claudia Tomasini","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) are small organic molecules that self-assemble through noncovalent interactions into fibrous networks capable of immobilizing solvents to create supramolecular gels that can be used in biomedical applications and other fields. Unlike robust polymeric gels, LMWGs offer tunability, stimuli-responsiveness, and easy degradation. Designing effective LMWGs requires a delicate balance of their weak, noncovalent interactions to form fibers instead of crystals. We investigated the critical molecular features required for the formation of a stimuli-responsive supramolecular gel derived from <i>O</i>-benzyl tyrosine. The amino moiety of the amino acid was coupled with six different fatty acids, yielding a series of compounds. Our screening revealed that Adi-[Tyr-(Bn)]<sub>2</sub> and Aze-[Tyr-(Bn)]<sub>2</sub> emerged as successful gelators, forming robust and responsive gels, while the other homologues formed less stable gels or precipitates, often yielding crystalline materials. The viscoelastic and self-assembly properties of the gels were comprehensively analyzed by rheology, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while single-crystal x-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) was used to confirm and elucidate their structural features. Interestingly, the ECD profile of Aze-[Tyr-(Bn)]<sub>2</sub> was reminiscent of collagen-mimetic assemblies, which are of interest for applications in tissue engineering and the design of biomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"368-379"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precision ChemistryPub Date : 2026-01-19eCollection Date: 2026-04-27DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c00196
Lizhuang Dong, Muhammad Javed, Youssef Moualhi, Naeem Akbar, Naeem Ahmed, Asad Masood, Thamer Alomayri, Muhammed Ali Shaikh Abdul Hameed, Udayabhaskararao Thumu
{"title":"Electrical Properties and Dielectric Relaxation Analysis of ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@ZnO Core-Shell Heterostructures.","authors":"Lizhuang Dong, Muhammad Javed, Youssef Moualhi, Naeem Akbar, Naeem Ahmed, Asad Masood, Thamer Alomayri, Muhammed Ali Shaikh Abdul Hameed, Udayabhaskararao Thumu","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present report, the electrical properties and dielectric relaxation analysis of the ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@ZnO (ZAO@ZO) core-shell heterostructure were investigated using impedance spectroscopy. The composite was synthesized via a coprecipitation method, ensuring uniform core-shell formation, as confirmed by XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDX, and XPS analyses. Complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) revealed distinct contributions modeled using a three-RQ equivalent circuit configured as <i>R</i> <sub>int</sub>||<i>Q</i> <sub>int</sub> + <i>R</i> <sub>shell</sub>||<i>Q</i> <sub>shell</sub>+ <i>R</i> <sub>core</sub>||<i>Q</i> <sub>core</sub>. The interfacial resistance exhibited the lowest activation energy (90.87 meV), followed by the ZnO shell (110.52 meV) and ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> core (117.64 meV), indicating thermally activated conduction. Dielectric relaxation studies demonstrated non-Debye behavior, described well by the Havriliak-Negami (H-N) model, with enhanced polarization at elevated temperatures due to space charge effects. The electric modulus analysis further confirmed hopping-dominated charge transport, with relaxation peaks shifting to higher frequencies with increasing temperature. The loss tangent (tan δ) exhibited strong frequency and temperature dependence, highlighting the role of interfacial polarization in energy dissipation. These findings provide critical insights into the electrical dynamics of ZAO@ZO heterostructures, paving the way for their applications in advanced electronics, sensors, catalysts, and energy storage devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"439-455"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eco-Friendly Corn Silk-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator Sensor for Automated Human Motion Recognition using Boosting-Driven Machine Learning.","authors":"Harwinder Singh, Harminder Singh, Ravinder Singh Sawhney, Kuldeep Singh, Khushmeet Singh","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human activity monitoring plays a critical role in clinical diagnostics, fitness assessment, remote patient care, and related domains. In this study, we design and develop a biodegradable, environmentally friendly triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) sensor using corn silk and integrate it with machine learning techniques for intelligent human motion detection. The work emphasizes the use of sustainable and biodegradable materials to advance green electronic systems. Corn silk, an abundant agricultural byproduct, serves as the primary triboelectric material in the proposed sensor. The corn silk-based TENG is capable of charging commercial capacitors and generates an output voltage of 101 V. In addition, the autonomous eco-friendly sensor is evaluated as a wearable device for capturing and distinguishing user activities such as jumping, running, and walking. To enhance activity recognition accuracy, an ensemble machine learning model based on a Histogram gradient boosting classifier is integrated with the TENG output signals. The model achieves a classification accuracy of 98.7% across the three targeted activities. Furthermore, a graphical user interface is developed to seamlessly combine the optimized machine learning model with real-time TENG sensor inputs for efficient human activity recognition. Overall, this study presents a customized TENG-based sensing methodology and highlights its potential for developing intelligent, self-powered, and human-motion monitoring systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"477-495"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precision ChemistryPub Date : 2026-01-07eCollection Date: 2026-04-27DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c00276
Jing Gao, Yuqi Jiang, Siyi Wang, Bo Han, Mingrui Guo, Shuxing Bai
{"title":"Breaking the Activity-Stability Trade-off in Acidic OER via Mechanism Switching on Mo-Doped RuO<sub>2</sub>.","authors":"Jing Gao, Yuqi Jiang, Siyi Wang, Bo Han, Mingrui Guo, Shuxing Bai","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ruthenium oxide (RuO<sub>2</sub>) is currently regarded as the preferred catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under acidic conditions. However, it faces issues of overoxidation and dissolution during the reaction process. Therefore, developing highly efficient and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts is crucial for acidic water electrolysis hydrogen production. This work reports a Ru-Mo bimetallic catalyst that enhances performance and stability in the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by incorporating Mo into RuO<sub>2</sub>. The optimized Ru<sub>1</sub>Mo<sub>1</sub>-O/C exhibits an overpotential of only 167 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm<sup>-2</sup>, significantly lower than that of commercial RuO<sub>2</sub> (354 mV), with a Tafel slope of 57.7 mV·dec<sup>-1</sup>, indicating fast kinetic rates. Furthermore, Ru<sub>1</sub>Mo<sub>1</sub>-O/C maintains durability for 255 h in 0.5 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> solution, offering a breakthrough in addressing the durability issue of ruthenium-based catalysts. Through the H/D isotope effect, we demonstrate that Mo incorporation accelerates proton reaction kinetics, providing strong evidence for suppressing Ru overoxidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"420-427"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational Insights into Divergent Pd-Catalyzed Oxidations with Oxone: Unveiling Dual Wacker and Oxo-Hydroxylation Pathways.","authors":"Zhuanzhuan Su, Liping Chen, Shuaizhong Zhang, Xianwen Zeng, Shuai Zhang, Yuchen Yang, Xue Wang, Wenjie Lan, Zhijie Chen, Yuehong Zou, Qingqing Nie, Wenqiang Cao, Jinquan Zhang, Ziyan Meng","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pd-(II)-catalyzed Wacker oxidation represents a robust and attractive route to methyl ketones from terminal alkenes in modern organic synthesis. In this work, we report a tunable oxidation system that employs oxone (potassium peroxymonosulfate) as a green oxidant and di-(pyridin-2-yl)-amine as an effective ligand. Notably, the presence of water triggers a mechanistic divergence from the conventional Wacker-type oxidation to a previously unrecognized radical pathway, enabling selective access to α-hydroxy ketones. Combined experimental and computational studies confirm that methyl ketones are generated via the classical 1,2-hydride migration, whereas α-hydroxy ketones arise through a radical mechanism pathway followed by an OAc<sup>-</sup>-assisted intermolecular proton transfer. This work provides fundamental insights into water-mediated radical pathways in Pd-catalyzed oxidations and establishes a strategy for selective functionalization of terminal alkenes.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"411-419"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precision ChemistryPub Date : 2026-01-02eCollection Date: 2026-04-27DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c00320
Fatima Noor Ul Huda, Umm E Rubab, Tahir Rahman, Junjie Zhang, Ajmal Khan
{"title":"Molybdenum-Catalyzed One-Step Synthesis of Tetrahydroquinolines.","authors":"Fatima Noor Ul Huda, Umm E Rubab, Tahir Rahman, Junjie Zhang, Ajmal Khan","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Through an earth-abundant molybdenum-catalyzed, borrowing hydrogen coupling reaction, a simple and efficient synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines from (2-amino aryl) methanol and α-branched alcohols has been reported. The current methodology proceeds via an atom-efficient and step-economic pathway, along with no need for further reducing agent, broad substrate scope, and operational simplicity, providing a practical and important way for the smooth synthesis of these types of biologically relevant products.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"4 4","pages":"380-387"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}