Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science最新文献

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Roberts, Dorothy. 2011. Fatal Invention: How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-Create Race in the Twenty-First Century. New York: The New Press. 多萝西·罗伯茨,2011。致命的发明:科学、政治和大企业如何在21世纪重新创造种族。纽约:新出版社。
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2016-06-17 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.20388
Alka V. Menon
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引用次数: 1
Colorblind Science?: Perceptions of the Importance of Racial Diversity in Science Research 色盲科学?:对科学研究中种族多样性重要性的认识
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2016-06-17 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.20893
Kellie Owens
{"title":"Colorblind Science?: Perceptions of the Importance of Racial Diversity in Science Research","authors":"Kellie Owens","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.20893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.20893","url":null,"abstract":"A large body of scientific careers literature explores the experiences of underrepresented minorities in STEM fields and why they exit the academic pipeline at various stages. These studies commonly address how to improve racial diversity in science but provide little discussion of why that diversity is important for science research. Feminist science studies scholars, on the other hand, have theorized about the importance of diversity in knowledge production for decades but provide little empirical work on how to address current disparities. My research bridges these literatures by examining how diversity programs in the sciences justify their continued funding, and how these justifications map onto contemporary theories of knowledge production. Do diversity program directors seek to increase diversity in science because of political motives, like equality and justice for racial minorities, or because they believe that racially diverse workforces will produce better science? Based on interviews with federally-funded diversity program directors at universities and archival data from these programs, I find that program directors’ responses can be classified into three categories: diversity is important politically, diversity is important pragmatically, and diversity is important epistemically. About half of the respondents found diversity to be important for the content of scientific knowledge. I argue that studying diversity in scientific knowledge production is different than studying the impacts of diversity in other fields due to current conceptions of scientific objectivity. Scholarship on scientific knowledge production can help diversity program directors and science careers scholars better articulate the need for diversity programming in STEM fields.","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70959187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Technology and Social Inequality 技术与社会不平等
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2016-06-17 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.22610
C. Pursell
{"title":"Technology and Social Inequality","authors":"C. Pursell","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.22610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.22610","url":null,"abstract":"In the Fall of 1977 I gave a paper at a conference organized by the Center for Twentieth Century Studies at the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. The title of the paper, published in 1980, was “The American Ideal of a Democratic Technology.” Reading it over now, some thirty-seven years later, I am excited all over again by the debate over the nature and role of technology which was so prominent a part of the 1970s, but actually had its roots in the 19th century. But I am also profoundly dismayed by the ways in which America has squandered the insight and the momentum of that debate. Today there are issues with large components of technology and science on the political agenda; fracking and coal seam gas extraction, the spread of crops of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the vacuuming up of masses of private electronic data by the National Security Agency (NSA) for example. By and large, however, they are not understood to be part of the same political issue of social inequality. And of course there is still the obfuscating, and therefore dangerous, insistence on using the terms “science” and “technology” strategically when discussing these topics, and still the Sacred Cows such as space exploration and the dream of unlimited energy through fusion which seem to float above any consideration of opportunity costs where real social needs are concerned.","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70959618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Review: Thomas R. Dunlap, In the Field, Among the Feathered 书评:托马斯·r·邓拉普,《在田野里,在羽毛之中》
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2016-06-17 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.19962
Melissa Charenko
{"title":"Review: Thomas R. Dunlap, In the Field, Among the Feathered","authors":"Melissa Charenko","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.19962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.19962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70959040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
STS and Social Inequality: Editor's Introduction STS与社会不平等:编者简介
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2016-06-17 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.26686
Christine V Wood, Simone Williams
{"title":"STS and Social Inequality: Editor's Introduction","authors":"Christine V Wood, Simone Williams","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.26686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.26686","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70959565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A. Douglas Stone. Einstein and the Quantum: The Quest of the Valiant Swabian. 332 pp. Princeton University Press, 2013. 道格拉斯·斯通。《爱因斯坦与量子:勇敢的斯瓦比亚人的探索》,332页,普林斯顿大学出版社,2013年。
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2016-06-17 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.20940
M. Leifer
{"title":"A. Douglas Stone. Einstein and the Quantum: The Quest of the Valiant Swabian. 332 pp. Princeton University Press, 2013.","authors":"M. Leifer","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.20940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V8I1.20940","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70959333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Economics of Science in Historical and Disciplinary Perspective 历史与学科视角下的科学经济学
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2013-11-25 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.19624
E. Sent
{"title":"The Economics of Science in Historical and Disciplinary Perspective","authors":"E. Sent","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.19624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.19624","url":null,"abstract":"In the current climate characterized by scrutiny and control of science, it is not too surprising to encounter appeals to an “economics of science” that will serve to structure the inchoate impressions of the various constituencies involved, as well as to provide a basis for reasoned debate and guidance for public policy. This focused discussion piece lays the historical and discilpinary foundation for that debate.","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70958753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Economic Aspects of Science: Editor's Introduction 科学的经济方面:编者简介
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2013-11-19 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.20379
Mike Thicke
{"title":"Economic Aspects of Science: Editor's Introduction","authors":"Mike Thicke","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.20379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.20379","url":null,"abstract":"The economics of science is a discipline with a long history, and yet one where there if often too little dialogue between its constituent parts. The articles in this issue's focused discussion begin to address that problem by examining recent developments in science's economic circumstances from a variety of disciplinary perspectives.","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70959034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Evolutionary Economics of Science 科学的进化经济学
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2013-09-09 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.19562
M. Blute
{"title":"The Evolutionary Economics of Science","authors":"M. Blute","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.19562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.19562","url":null,"abstract":"This short paper is about the generalized evolutionary approach to the economics of science (and technology). Stephen Toulmin and David Hull are pioneers of the former rather than Karl Popper whose falsification thesis was sociologically naive. Useful directions for the future would go beyond the generalities of variation, transmission and selection towards making more explicit use of Darwin’s “two great principles.” The first is “the unity of types” i.e. common descent by employing phylogenetic methods to answer historical questions. The second is “the conditions of existence” i.e. natural selection by making use of general principles of evolutionary ecology and socioecology to answer questions about why something evolved.","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70959048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
REVIEW: David Tyfield, The Economics of Science: A Critical Realist Overview, Volumes 1 and 2 评论:大卫·泰菲尔德:《科学经济学:批判现实主义概览》,第一卷和第二卷
Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2013-09-09 DOI: 10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.18795
Mike Thicke
{"title":"REVIEW: David Tyfield, The Economics of Science: A Critical Realist Overview, Volumes 1 and 2","authors":"Mike Thicke","doi":"10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.18795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4245/SPONGE.V7I1.18795","url":null,"abstract":"David Tyfield’s two-volume The Economics of Science is an ambitious and valuable attempt to explain recent developments in economics of science using a critical realist/Marxian framework, and at the same time to unite critical realism with science and technology studies.","PeriodicalId":29732,"journal":{"name":"Spontaneous Generations-Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70958544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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