{"title":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes and Associated Renal Malignancies: A Pictorial Review—Part II","authors":"Naveenjyote Boora, Michaela J Perlau, C. Fung","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000820636.38681.dc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000820636.38681.dc","url":null,"abstract":"In this second article in this series, we present a pictorial review of common renal neoplasms and renal malignancy mimics, including urothelial carcinoma, liposarcoma, oncocytoma, renal pseudotumors, and renal metastases. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtypes and their respective radiologic findings were discussed in Part I of this series. Principles of management of select RCC subtypes and other renal neoplasms, including urothelial carcinoma and angiomyolipoma (AML), will be discussed. Management of solitary renal masses via active surveillance (AS) or surgical intervention and the indications for renal mass biopsy as part of the diagnostic workup will also be reviewed.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47111985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes and Associated Renal Malignancies: A Pictorial Review—Part I","authors":"Naveenjyote Boora, Perlau Michaela, C. Fung","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000820624.69702.f6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000820624.69702.f6","url":null,"abstract":"Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of all adult malignancies, with clear cell subtype representing the majority of these cases. In the United States, the number of new cases of kidney and renal pelvis cancers was 15.6 per 100,000 men and women per year. Although the incidence of RCC has been increasing for several years, the landscape of RCC has changed significantly due to the use of highly sensitive imaging modalities. The percentage of early-stage T1 Kidney cancers has increased from 43% to more than 60% over the past two decades, with a 5-year survival rate of more than 90% for these early-stage tumors.1 As diagnostic imaging plays a significant role in the detection and management of these cancers, a fundamental understanding of RCC and its various subtypes is essential for all medical imaging specialists.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45456498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pediatric Fluoroscopic Follies: A Journey Through the GI Tract With Twists and Turns","authors":"Natalie Rich, Priya G. Sharma","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000812848.10732.7c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000812848.10732.7c","url":null,"abstract":"Fluoroscopy is a key imaging modality in the pediatric population and can be used to diagnose emergent conditions in the neonatal period, including malrotation with midgut volvulus, and atresias of the small intestine. This activity is designed to teach radiologists about critical portions of the pediatric upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopic examination and to provide an overview of pediatric upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy for general practitioners to improve confidence and accuracy with diagnosing common and emergent conditions.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43179927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Basic Primer of Artificial Intelligence for Radiologists","authors":"Ethan Stahl, Steven L. Blumer","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000804996.57509.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000804996.57509.75","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) comprises computer systems that behave in ways previously thought to require human intelligence.1 AI and related technologies are increasingly prevalent in business and society and are beginning to be applied to health care.2 Within health care, AI has increasingly influenced the field of radiology, and its role is likely only to grow in the future. Within radiology, AI has demonstrated benefits in the areas of image analysis and interpretation, various noninterpretive domains, and resident training. And yet, AI remains vaguely and incompletely understood by a great many practicing radiologists, radiology residents, and students considering a career in radiology. The purpose of this article is to describe the primary current and potential future applications of AI to the field of radiology and to define some of the key terms used in discussions of AI. This article is meant to provide readers with a clear, foundational understanding of AI in radiology and to equip radiologists with literacy and fluency in the AI lexicon.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46023594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mark D. Ehrhart, Leila Nojaba, S. Murali, Lisa M. Richardson, Jennifer S. Weaver, Sherry S Wang, J. Revels
{"title":"Fluoroscopic Evaluation of the Male Urethra in the Setting of Trauma","authors":"Mark D. Ehrhart, Leila Nojaba, S. Murali, Lisa M. Richardson, Jennifer S. Weaver, Sherry S Wang, J. Revels","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000802868.74387.7d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000802868.74387.7d","url":null,"abstract":"The radiologist plays a key role in evaluation of the male urethra after trauma. In particular, radiologists perform the fluoroscopic procedures commonly used to evaluate for urethral injury: retrograde urethrography (RUG) and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). Radiologists must effectively illustrate urethral anatomy and pathology while avoiding imaging pitfalls. This review article discusses normal male urethral anatomy, fluoroscopic imaging techniques for evaluation of the male urethra, findings and classification of traumatic urethral pathology, and common treatments of traumatic urethral injury. It is important that radiologists are aware of these key elements to communicate effectively with the treating clinicians.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41762608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Pictorial Review of PI-RADS v2.0 and PI-RADS v2.1: What Changed?","authors":"Nicolas Gibson, C. Fung","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000802028.50707.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000802028.50707.14","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among Canadian men (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers) and is the third leading cause of death from cancer in men in Canada. It is estimated that, in 2020, 23,300 men will be diagnosed with PCa, representing 20% of all new cancer cases in men.1 The recommended technique being used for the detection and risk stratification of PCa is multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), which includes high-resolution T2-weighted (T2W) images to depict prostate anatomy and two functional MRI techniques, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to display cell density and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE) that shows vascularity.2","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44151838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenna A. Saxton, Justin R. Montgomery, Paul J. Spicer
{"title":"An Overview of the Named Wrist Fractures","authors":"Jenna A. Saxton, Justin R. Montgomery, Paul J. Spicer","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000800028.32418.fe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000800028.32418.fe","url":null,"abstract":"Wrist fractures are a common finding. In many instances, radiologists may accurately describe the fracture findings but may not recall the associated name given to the fracture and the mechanism of injury. To educate radiologists further, an organized review of the common named fractures of the wrist is presented. Specifically, fractures of the distal radius have been described. The goals of this article are to highlight important clinical conditions and emphasize the origin of the name, mechanism of injury, image findings, and treatment.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44119123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uterine Fibroids and Adenomyosis: Imaging and Treatment","authors":"Lin Yang, R. Navuluri","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000795720.51837.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000795720.51837.27","url":null,"abstract":"Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas or myomas, are benign tumors that arise from the smooth muscle of the uterus. Fibroids affect most women, up to 80% of black women, and nearly 70% of white women in the United States by the age of 50 years,1 and the incidence of fibroids increases with age up to menopause.2","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43585464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Imaging of Tuberculosis in Children","authors":"Pratyaksha Rana, A. Bhatia, A. Saxena, K. Sodhi","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000792988.25998.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000792988.25998.33","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is highly prevalent worldwide, and it affects children and adults equally, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis and management. Knowledge of imaging modalities available, imaging manifestations of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, is vital for the radiologist for timely diagnosis among children with TB.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49628440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Basics of Intra-arterial Y-90 Microsphere Therapy for Liver Tumors—Part II","authors":"M. Fani Bozkurt","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000792088.96346.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000792088.96346.67","url":null,"abstract":"Yttrium-90 (Y-90)-loaded glass and resin microspheres are used for intra-arterial Y-90 microsphere therapy of the primary and metastatic liver tumors. Therapeutic dose assessment and dose administration vary according to the microsphere type used for this therapy.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46133762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}