Journal of Coal Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"The coke oven gas production`s volume analysis of ukrainian coke-chemical enterprises in 2020.","authors":"Kravchenko S.A., Starovoit A.G., Turkina O.V., Chaplianko S.V., Cherviak-Voronych L.A.","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-6-13-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-6-13-17","url":null,"abstract":"It has been carried out the properties, production volume and application balance analysis of coke oven gas, produced in 2020 by seven Ukrainian coke-chemical enterprises and plants, located at the territory controlled by Ukraine. Studies have been established the total volume of raw coke oven gas to be purified from hydrogen sulfide (given up to 4000 kcal/m3 ) – 4223,4 million m3 and the degree of its purification – 88,7 %, which compared to 2019 is less by 1,8 % (in quantitative terms per 76 million m3 ) and 1,1 %, respectively. Physicchemical properties indicators of heating coke oven gas in terms of hydrogen sulfide and naphthalene mass concentration, as well as lower specific calorific value, corresponded to the norm for the Ι grade. The total volume of coke oven gas (given up to 4000 kcal/m3 ), produced by coke-chemical enterprises and plants, was equal to 4239,7 million m3 , coke oven gas output from 1 ton of dry charge – 351 m3 , which compared to 2019 is less by 2,0 % (in quantitative terms per 87082 thousand m3 ) and more by 0,3 % (in quantitative terms per 1 m3 ), respectively. According to 6 enterprises, the volume of purified coke oven gas (given up to 4000 kcal/m3 ) used for own needs amounted to 70 %, provided for metallurgists and other consumer’s needs – 25 %, unused – 5 %. Because of consequences of hostilities, the issue of the ability of domestic coke-chemical enterprises to manufacture products becomes very relevant. The analysis presented in the article should be used to assess the losses caused to Ukrainian enterprises and plants by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation. Keywords: analysis, coke-chemical production, coke oven gas, fuel, moisture, coal tar, crude benzene, hydrogen sulfide, condensation, purification, directions of the application, balance. Corresponding author S.V. Chaplianko, e-mail: chaplianko_sv@ukr.net","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124570391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLYING OF FALLED LEAVES IN PRODUCTION OF FUEL BRIQUETTES","authors":"A. Grigorov, М.О. Tokarev, M. Polishchuk, O. Zharova","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-5-25-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-5-25-32","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility has been considered of obtaining of fuel briquettes as an alternative biofuel based on fallen leaves (such tree species as oak and maple) and starch. The starch (a binder) content at the level of 10-30 % allows to produce of the briquettes using a screw press at a pressure of up to 15 MPa. The process of fuel briquettes obtaining from fallen leaves and starch included the following successive stages: collection of raw materials; preparation; averaging; mixing; pressing; drying and the testing of the product properties. At the last stage, the appearance of the obtained briquettes has been evaluated, and then their density (ρ, kg/m3 ), strength (P, MPa), working heat of combustion (Q, MJ/kg) and storage conditions have been determined. Evaluation of the appearance of briquettes showed that the correct geometric shape had those briquettes in which the weight content of the starch was in the range of 20-25 % to leaves weight. It was found out that the maximum value of briquette density (580 kg/m3 ) and compressive strength (4,8 MPa) is observed in the fuel briquettes which contained 25 % of starch. That is, this concentration can be considered optimal for this technology for the production of fuel briquettes. At the same time, the increase of starch content in the fuel briquette leads to an increase its working heat of combustion, which at a starch content of 25 % reached the value of 17.8 MJ/kg. It has been fixed that the influence of temperature (storage at 80 °C for 6 h) or temperature differences (from -10 to 25-30 °C) practically does not affect the form and properties of fuel briquettes obtained from fallen leaves. And the stay of briquettes in a humid environment, on the contrary, leads to its swelling, and, as a consequence, to the impairment of properties. Keywords: fuel briquettes, leaves, starch, pressing, density, strength, heat of combustion, storage conditions. Corresponding author A.B. Grigorov, e-mail: grigorovandrey@ukr.net","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122998856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption of chlorophenol by activated carbon from mixtures of long flame coal and secondary coking products.","authors":"V. Кucherenko, Ju.V. Таmarkina, V. Sabierova, I. Frolova","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2023-0-2-21-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2023-0-2-21-30","url":null,"abstract":"ADSORPTION OF CHLOROPHENOL BY ACTIVATED CARBON FROM MIXTURES OF LONG FLAME COAL AND SECONDARY COKING PRODUCTS © V.А. Кucherenko, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Ju.V. Таmarkina, PhD in Chemical Sciences, V.А. Sabierova, PhD in Chemical Sciences, I.B. Frolova, PhD in Chemical Sciences (L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical-Organic and Coal Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 02160, Kyiv, Kharkiv Highway St., 50, Ukraine) The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effect of secondary coking products (SCPs) on the adsorption properties of activated carbons (ACs) from mixtures of SCP and long-flame coal D. AC samples with specific surface area SBET = 885–1173 m2/g were prepared from coal D and mixtures of coal (85 %) and SCP (15 %). Fuses (F), acid tar (AT) of the sulfate department, polymers (P) of the benzene department, cube residue (CR) and coal tar (T) were used, and the corresponding samples are designated as AC(D), AC(F), AC(AT), AC(P), AC(CR), AC(T). The adsorption capacity for 4-chlorophenol (CP) (ACP) was determined at the AC content of 1 g/L (25°C) and the CP initial concentration СCP(0) ≤ 600 mg/L. The CP concentration was determined from the solution optical density at 280 nm (Perkin-Elmer Lambda 20 spectrophotometer). The specific adsorption capacity АCP(S) (mg/m2) was determined by the ratio АCP(S) = ACP/SBET, which is proportional to the concentration of adsorption centers on the AC surface. The degree of CP extraction and the degree of surface coverage were calculated. The CP adsorption kinetics were approximated by pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models. The adsorption isotherms were approximated by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The SCP type was established to have a significant effect on the AC adsorption activity which is expressed by significant differences in the values of adsorption capacity, kinetic characteristics, and isotherm parameters. The CP adsorption kinetics was found to obey the pseudo-second order model (determination coefficient R2 ≥ 0.996) with constants varying from 2,78·10-4 g/mg·min to 6,29·10-4 g/mg·min depending on the SCP type. By comparing the calculations of the kinetics by the pseudo-first order and intraparticle diffusion models, the rate-determining stage was found to be the physical sorption and chemisorption of СP. In the range of equilibrium concentrations of СCP(е) ≤ 350 mg/l, the adsorption isotherms were approximated by the Langmuir model (R2 ≥ 0,994) better than by the Freundlich model (R2 ≥ 0,887). The calculated capacitances of the monolayer for the obtained ACs differ by a factor of ~2 and are in the interval of АCP(L) =214,3 – 414,3 mg/g, Langmuir constants are from 1,89·10-2 l/mg to 5,29·10-2 l/mg. The CP adsorption capacity was found to increase almost linearly with increasing SBET (R2 = 0.931), but the AC(AT) sample sharply drops out of this dependence and shows a 2-fold lower capacity value, which is due to the AT composition. ","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121153523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of the suitability of the coal charge for producing blast-furnace coke of the given quality using the tamping technology.","authors":"E. T. Kovalev, A. Borisenko, I. Shulga, N. Desna","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-4-9-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-4-9-15","url":null,"abstract":"ESTIMATION OF THE SUITABILITY OF THE COAL CHARGE FOR PRODUCING BLAST-FURNACE COKE OF THE GIVEN QUALITY USING THE TAMPING TECHNOLOGY © E.T. Kovalev, Doctor of Technical Sciences, A.L. Borisenko, PhD in technical sciences, I.V. Shulga, PhD in technical sciences, N.A. Desna, PhD in technical sciences (State Enterprise \"Ukrainian State Research Coal Chemical Institute (UKHIN)\", 61023, Kharkіv, Vesnina st., 7, Ukraine) The article shows the relevance of technologies that implement the possibility of expanding the raw material base of coking with the help of special methods for preparing the charge, among which tamping is currently taking the leading place in the world and in Ukraine. It is shown that when considering the issue of introducing the technology of coking the tamped charge, a previous link of the available raw material base with the planning of the main structural parameters of the coke oven is necessary. It will provide on the basis of global low-caking coals the production of coal coke with characteristics that are as close as possible to the requirements of the world's leading iron producers. On a general example, the developed complex and the procedure for performing the corresponding assessment are presented, the following includes: – a comprehensive analysis of the properties of bituminous coals intended to be used as components of the raw material base (technical, petrographic and other analysis); – drawing up on their basis model charges, taking into account the restrictions on ash content (≤ 9-10 %), burst pressure (≤ 7 kPa), thickness of the plastic layer (≤ 15 mm.); – laboratory determination of indicators of tamping capacity of model charges – density of rammed briquettes (γ, g/cm3 ) and their shear strength (σss, kPa); – laboratory coking of tamped model mixtures with subsequent determination and comparison of the properties of the obtained cokes; – based on the data on the tamping capacity of the model charges, which showed optimal results in terms of the formation of coke of the best quality and the parameters of the known (mastered) designs of furnaces and charge, the calculated determination of the value of the maximum height of the coking chamber for the studied composition and properties of the charge. Keywords: coking, tamping of coal charge, preliminary assessment, analysis of coals, model charge, tamping indicators, coking, coke properties, coking chamber height. Corresponding author E.T. Kovalev, e-mail: post@ukhin.org.ua","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127927142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUBECONOMIZER FOR IMPROVENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CDQ PLANT MODULE","authors":"S. Abdullin, A.O. Kachura","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-5-12-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-5-12-15","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the adjustment of the efficiency of the coke dry quenching plant (CDQP) by installing the subeconomizer in the technological scheme of coke production. A work description is presented of the subeconomizers and analyzes the advantages of the subeconomizers on the existing and new CDQP blocks. It has been emphasized that in coke production one of the most important factors is the need to work all parts of the technological chain with the full productivity. Decreased productivity or disruptions in certain areas can lead to significant losses of the final product. It is shown that the dry coke quenching plant should ensure not only stable operation of the coke battery, but also the required level of coke supply for blast furnace production. Therefore, violation of the technological regime of DCQP can critically affect the production of iron and steel. The feature of dry coke quenching technology is emphasized: the increase in productivity inevitably causes an increase of the temperature of quenched coke. It is shown that one of the ways to maintain the temperature of the quenched coke at the required level is to install a subeconomizer (SE) in the scheme of DCQP. The experience of SE \"GIPROKOKS\" in designing the reconstruction of existing DCQP is underlined. Data on the operation of the DCQP with the SE included in the technological scheme (which has been successfully operated for more than three years) and without it are given. SE \"GIPROKOKS\" studies, develops and implements new technologies that can be used in the construction of new coke plants, as well as in the reconstruction of existing ones. It is shown that the use of subeconomizers in dry coke quenching plants allows to increase the productivity of DCQP units on quenched coke by about 10 % while maintaining the required temperature and quality of the obtained coke. Keywords: dry coke quenching, temperature of quenched coke, coke yield, subeconomizer, energy efficiency. Corresponding author S.Yu. Abdullin, е-mail: abdullins1979@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133804337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of road oil bitumens by the method of chemical modification of oil residues.","authors":"V. Gunka, Y. Prysiazhnyi, Yuriy Demchuk, Y. Hrynchuk, Yu.V. Sidun, M. Bratychak","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-4-21-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-4-21-27","url":null,"abstract":"PRODUCTION OF ROAD OIL BITUMENS BY THE METHOD OF CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF OIL RESIDUES © V.М. Gunka, PhD in technical sciences, Yu.V. Prysiazhnyi, PhD in technical sciences, Yu.Ya. Demchuk, PhD in technical sciences, Yu.M. Hrynchuk, PhD in technical sciences, Yu.V. Sidun, PhD in technical sciences, M.M. Bratychak, Doctor of Chemical Sciences (Lviv Polytechnic Naional University, 12 Stepan Bandera Str., 79013, Lviv, Ukraine) The article is devoted to obtaining road oil bitumen from oil residues by modifying them with relatively cheap low molecular weight organic substances. The proposed method relates to a chemical modification, which, in case of its industrial implementation, will allow avoiding the use of expensive physical modifiers. A 37 % aqueous solution of formaldehyde was used as low molecular weight organic substances (modifier / chemical reagent of the process) for chemical modification of tar; concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was used as a catalyst for the chemical modification of tar. As a feedstock for chemical modification, we used an oil residue - tar, selected at PJSC “Ukrtatnafta” (Kremenchug, Ukraine). The chemical modification with formaldehyde was carried out in hermetic stationary containers capable of operating under excess pressure. The photographs of the equipment are given. Since the ultimate goal of the work was to obtain road oil bitumen, then, analyzing the results of experimental studies, we focused on the quality characteristics of this particular product. At the same time, the most important quality indicators were determined, namely: the depth of needle penetration, softening temperature, ductility (extensibility), adhesion to glass (adhesion to glass), Fraas brittle temperature, penetration index. For tar, the following characteristics such as density, flash point in an open crucible, and a boiling point were additionally determined. As a result of the experiments, the fundamental possibility of obtaining road oil bitumen by the method of chemical modification of tar with formaldehyde was established. It was revealed that the process factors (formaldehyde content in the reaction mixture, catalyst content in the reaction mixture, temperature and duration) have a significant effect on the quality of the resulting product. Changing their values allows you to adjust the values of the quality characteristics of the resulting bitumen. Keywords: binders, bitumen, oil residue, modification. Corresponding author V.М. Gunka, e-mail: volodymyr.m.hunka@lpnu.ua","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123243558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The selection of technological basis of deep processing of coal.","authors":"M. Gordienko","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-4-15-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-4-15-21","url":null,"abstract":"THE SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL BASIS OF DEEP PROCESSING OF COAL © M.O. Gordienko (State Enterprise \"Ukrainian State Research Coal Chemical Institute (UHIN)\", 61023, Kharkov, Vesnina st., 7, Ukraine) The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibility of expanding the raw material base of thermal energy, as well as meeting the demand for motor fuels and chemical products through the thermochemical processing of coal, the reserves of which are large enough and available for extraction and transportation. Moreover, in contrast to technologies such as methanization and liquefaction, the most promising type of deep processing of coal seems to be its gasification. This process is carried out in sealed devices of high power according to the technologies that have a long history of improvement on an industrial scale by the world's leading companies. It was emphasized that Ukraine has significant reserves of low-calorie coal (constantly expanding due to waste of coal preparation), the thermochemical processing of which can significantly expand the domestic energy base. The basic principles of classification and technological foundations of existing industrial and industrial research installations for gasification of coal and similar materials are given. The basic diagrams and main parameters of the existing installations, which carry out the gasification process at temperatures below the melting point of the mineral (ash-forming) components of the raw material, are described - Sasol Lurgi and SES Gasification Technology (SGT). Based on the data on the world experience in the operation of thermochemical coal processing units, it is shown that low-temperature (carried out at a temperature below the melting point of the mineral ashforming components) gasification of various types of non-coking coal with certain technological solutions can be no less effective than more complex and expensive high-temperature technologies. There are grounds for believing that the efficiency of gasification with ash removal in a solid state can be further increased by using some of the technological capabilities available in coke production. Keywords: brown coal, non-coking coals, thermochemical processing, gasification, efficiency, degree of carbon conversion, energy carriers, synthesis gas, environmental safety. Corresponding author M.O. Gordienko, е-mail: yo@ukhin.org.ua","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"352 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130617708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF COAL: METHODS OF DETERMINATION AND FACTORS OF INFLUENCE (REVIEW)","authors":"V. Koval, D. Miroshnichenko, O.V. Bogoyavlenska","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-4-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-4-17","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the importance and problems of determining of such an indicator of the quality of solid fossil fuels, as mechanical strength. The strength of coal depends on a large number of factors (viscosity, brittleness, properties of structural bonds, etc.), the change of which is impossible to take into account. Therefore, the strength of coal in the sample, piece, pack and formation must be represented by some integral index, which inevitably fluctuates around a certain average value and can be determined only approximately. The evaluation of the strength properties of coal should be carried out on the basis of mass tests using statistical methods that allow to calculate the average value and coefficient of variation. Since the strength dispersion is mainly due to the natural inhomogeneity of the coal, the excessive accuracy of the measuring instruments has almost no effect on the statistical characteristics. Laboratory methods of mechanical tests of mine samples, in comparison with full-scale, as a rule, are very accessible and, at qualitative performance of tests, are highly reliable. The properties of coal as an object of enrichment and use are largely related to its physical properties. The physical properties of coal and mineral impurities significantly affect the formation of the main parameters that characterize the particle size distribution and fractional composition, it`s changes during the mining, transportation and enrichment processes. The basic physical and mechanical properties of solid fuels from the point of view of their industrial processing have been listed, the review has been made of the most widespread methods of study of coals mechanical durability and the equipment used for these purposes. The main advantages and disadvantages have been summarized of these methods, as well as their relationship. The factors have been Indicated tinfluencing the mechanical strength of coal. The expediency of using existing methods from the point of view of informativeness for thesphere of its application has been estimated. The methods common in the coal processing industry are considered in more detail. Keywords: coal, solid fuel mining, mechanical strength, determination methods, influencing factors, grinding strength, crushing index. Corresponding author V.V. Koval, e-mail: kovalen79@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124683770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}