Dental Anthropology Journal最新文献_第2页

Third Molar Agenesis in Post-Medieval Chichester 后中世纪切斯特的第三磨牙发育

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2021-07-22 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V34I2.306

Devyn Caldwell

{"title":"Third Molar Agenesis in Post-Medieval Chichester","authors":"Devyn Caldwell","doi":"10.26575/DAJ.V34I2.306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26575/DAJ.V34I2.306","url":null,"abstract":"Third molar agenesis is a dental anomaly that occurs in approximately 25% of people worldwide and results in the complete absence of one or more of the third molars in the dentition. A rise in the prevalence of congenitally absent third molars has been noted in modern populations, and it has been proposed as the final evolutionary step in the dental reduction of the human dentition. \u0000Whilst much research has been conducted in modern cohorts, relatively little has been published on third molar agenesis in archaeological assemblages. A post-medieval assemblage from Chichester was visually and radiographically analysed to determine the prevalence of this anomaly. Third molars were measured to determine if there was an association between agenesis and size reduction. Prevalence of agenesis was found to be relatively high at 42.7% and 2 of 8 measurements were found to produce significant differences. \u0000Consequently, it can be said that high rates of third molar agenesis are not solely a modern phenomenon, as many prevalence rates in recent populations are lower. However, if we are to assess the significance of size differences in third molars of those with agenesis and those without, and to detect patterns within and between these groups, assemblages with larger sample sizes are needed. In order to better understand the trajectory and evolution of this anomaly, more archaeological assemblages must be examined.","PeriodicalId":296099,"journal":{"name":"Dental Anthropology Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115088223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caries as an archaeological problem-solving tool: reconstructing subsistence patterns in late prehistoric west-central Tennessee 龋齿作为一种考古解决问题的工具:重建史前晚期田纳西州中西部的生存模式

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.299

M. Smith, Tracy K Betsinger

{"title":"Caries as an archaeological problem-solving tool: reconstructing subsistence patterns in late prehistoric west-central Tennessee","authors":"M. Smith, Tracy K Betsinger","doi":"10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.299","url":null,"abstract":"The dentition from two Middle Mississippian period (~AD 1100-1350) site samples (Gray Farm [~AD 1150-1400], Link/Slayden [~AD 1200-1400]) from the Kentucky Lake Reservoir of west-central Tennessee area are examined for the presence of caries to assess whether a maize-intensive subsistence economy is evident or the retention of the cultivation of domesticated native seeds (i.e., the Eastern Agricultural Complex). Given the absence of archaeological context, the caries prevalence operates as an archaeological problem-solving tool. The caries prevalence by tooth type are compared to a Late Woodland period (~AD 400-900) site sample (Hobbs) from the Kentucky Lake Reservoir as well as three unequivocal maize-intensive site samples from the Late Mississippian period (~AD 1300-1550) of East Tennessee. The Gray Farm site aligns statistically with the maize-intensive samples; Link/Slayden does not and resembles the caries prevalence of the Hobbs sample. The Mississippianization process in the Kentucky Lake Reservoir clearly varies in the adoption of maize as a primary cultigen. This may reflect the difference in geo-political location of Gray Farm and Link/Slayden relative to neighboring Mississippian economies, particularly to the east (Middle Cumberland Culture), or it may reflect potential temporal differences among the Middle Mississippian period settlements within the Kentucky Lake Reservoir.","PeriodicalId":296099,"journal":{"name":"Dental Anthropology Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114225912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Interpreting the oral condition in medieval European populations from a bioarchaeological perspective 从生物考古学的角度解读中世纪欧洲人口的口腔状况

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.296

Katie Zejdlik, Jonathan D. Bethard, Zsolt Nyárádi, Andre Gonciar

{"title":"Interpreting the oral condition in medieval European populations from a bioarchaeological perspective","authors":"Katie Zejdlik, Jonathan D. Bethard, Zsolt Nyárádi, Andre Gonciar","doi":"10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.296","url":null,"abstract":"Interpretation of dental ‘health’ in archaeologically derived skeletal assemblages is challenging due to the lack of patient histories, clearly understood pathological processes, broad etiologies, and cultural perceptions of health. Furthermore, the language used in description of pathological conditions of the oral cavity condition is not consistent across researchers thereby resulting in challenging cross-site comparison. Standardization of terms and description is necessary as proposed by Pilloud and Fancher (2018). This paper demonstrates the challenges associated with cross-site comparisons through an attempt to place medieval Transylvanian Székely peoples’ oral status within a larger medieval cultural and biological framework. To do this, first, a review of medieval perceptions of dental health and treatment is provided. Next, a total of 90 individuals recovered from two medieval Székely cemeteries were analyzed for age, sex, and pathological conditions of the oral cavity. The results of the analysis were then compared to other medieval skeletal assemblages reporting on dental ‘health’. Finally, a discussion of how the Székely compare to other medieval sites and the challenges faced are presented thus supporting Pilloud and Fancher’s (2018) call for standardization.","PeriodicalId":296099,"journal":{"name":"Dental Anthropology Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116966835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.287

A. Cucina, O. Chiappa, T. S. Sosa

{"title":"Age and sex-related topography of carious lesions and oral conditions among Prehispanic coastal Mayas","authors":"A. Cucina, O. Chiappa, T. S. Sosa","doi":"10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.287","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objective is to assess topographic distribution of carious lesions (crown and CEJ) by sex and age class and relate it to food intake; \u0000Materials and methods: Sixty-eight males and 45 females aged 15 years and older from the Prehispanic Classic period Maya site of Xcambó (AD 250-700) were selected and organized into 15-30 yrs, 31-45 yrs and 46+years age classes. Caries were scored on all permanent teeth based on their location on the crown, interstitial CEJ as well as buccal and lingual CEJ. \u0000Results: Caries affected 14.6% of the permanent teeth in males and 27.7% in females. About half of all the lesions were located at the mesial and distal CEJ edge of the teeth (50% in males and 46.6% in females), while 12.9% and 17.1% (respectively for males and females) affected the buccal and lingual CEJ edge. Multiple caries interested 19.7% of teeth in males and 24.9% in females. Last AMTL was recorded in 16.4% of sockets in males and in 27.4% in females. The overall frequencies of caries and AMTL increase with age at death, and differences by sex are statistically significant; on the contrary, interstitial CEJ, buccal and lingual CEJ and multiple caries do not follow an age-related pattern of distribution, and do not show statistically significant differences between males and females. \u0000Discussion and conclusions: The coastal site of Xcambó shows one of the highest frequencies of caries in the region. The high socioeconomic status of the site suggests that caries were not due to a diet based on maize, but that also sugary (honey and various fruits) and starchy foods were ingested on a daily base. Cariogenic sticky foodstuff, which likely triggered caries at the buccal and lingual CEJ edges of the teeth, were ingested by all the members of the society regardless of sex and age.","PeriodicalId":296099,"journal":{"name":"Dental Anthropology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134632891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editor's note on special edition of oral health 《口腔健康》特别版编者注

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.301

M. Pilloud

引用次数: 0

Periodontal health and the lifecourse approach in bioarchaeology 生物考古学中的牙周健康和生命历程方法

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.289

J. Watson, A. Tuggle

{"title":"Periodontal health and the lifecourse approach in bioarchaeology","authors":"J. Watson, A. Tuggle","doi":"10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.289","url":null,"abstract":"Healthy periodontal tissues are essential to maintaining attachment, stability, and retention of teeth. The concept of ‘health’ is problematic however and includes both physical and psycho-social characteristics. The challenge for bioarchaeologists is defining what physical expression begins to affect an individual’s well-being. Here we apply a lifecourse approach to the measurement of periodontal tissue depth (CEJ-AC) at M1 in a prehistoric sample (N = 162) from the American Southwest to test the hypothesis that age and sex differences bear the greatest impact on the expression of periodontitis. CEJ-AC at M1 increased significantly (p<.001) across age stages from 1.5 ±0.5mm (15-20yo) to 4.25 ±0.25mm in the old age group (40-50yo). Occlusal surface wear and alveolar crest (AC) resorption were considerably variable (non-significant) between sexes; however, tooth loss at M1 is more than double among females compared to males in the final decades 40-50yo and 50-60yo. Results support the hypothesis that periodontal tissue loss differentially affects females across the lifecourse. Bacterial infection, chronic gingivitis, and bony resorption cause the physical symptoms of periodontal disease but may not be accompanied by pain or altered functionality. The outcome of the disease process is tooth loss, which can affect functionality and quality of life. Periodontal ‘health’ is therefore best interpreted in bioarchaeological samples around the point that alveolar recession results in tooth loss and altered functionality.","PeriodicalId":296099,"journal":{"name":"Dental Anthropology Journal","volume":"4286 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128839373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A sub-continent of caries 龋齿次大陆

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.285

F. Carter, J. Irish

{"title":"A sub-continent of caries","authors":"F. Carter, J. Irish","doi":"10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.285","url":null,"abstract":"The most recognizable pathological condition of the human oral cavity is, arguably, dental caries. Beyond a direct impact on oral health, caries presence (or absence) provides important data for bioarchaeologists—to help reconstruct the diet of past populations and individuals. This study explores such data in 44 samples (n=1,963 individuals, 62,816 teeth) dating between 10,000 BP and recent times across the African sub-continent. It is, to date, the most extensive investigation of its kind in this part of the world, entailing descriptions and quantitative comparisons of caries by period, environment, subsistence strategy and sex. \u0000Mann-Whitney U tests and factoral ANOVA results provide expected and some unexpected findings, including: 1) a diachronic increase in caries prevalence across the sub-continent, likely related to diet change from widespread population movement; 2) savanna peoples exhibit more caries than those from other environmental regions; 3) subsistence strategy plays a major role in caries occurrence; and 4) males and females do not evidence significant differences in caries frequencies, but variation does exist in several regional groups. These findings reveal that global trends described by previous researchers often apply, though not always—so it is prudent to consider regions independently.","PeriodicalId":296099,"journal":{"name":"Dental Anthropology Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123964996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Periodontal disease and ‘oral health’ in the past: new insights from ancient Sudan on a very modern problem. 过去的牙周病和“口腔健康”:古代苏丹对一个非常现代的问题的新见解。

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.288

R. Whiting, D. Antoine, S. Hillson

{"title":"Periodontal disease and ‘oral health’ in the past: new insights from ancient Sudan on a very modern problem.","authors":"R. Whiting, D. Antoine, S. Hillson","doi":"10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.288","url":null,"abstract":"As one of today’s major oral health issues, periodontal disease affects populations worldwide. Here, methods used to record its past prevalence are reviewed, including the problems associated with the use of measurements to record bone loss. Clinical and bioarchaeological research offers strong support for the Kerr method that records interdental septum morphological changes as a means of identifying gingivitis and periodontal disease. Using Kerr’s approach, four assemblages from Sudan dating to the Neolithic, Kerma and Medieval periods are examined to track the progression of the disease through time. Results show a significantly lower prevalence of periodontal disease and a limited distribution across the mouth in the Neolithic period. Significant differences were found between the sexes at the Medieval sites, which were not present at the Neolithic and Kerma sites. With no patient history and the cumulative effects of a dynamic and episodic disease - only a snapshot of which is captured at death - the concept of ‘oral health’ may be hard to apply in archaeological remains. As suggested by Kerr, it at best provides an insight into the periodontal status at death. Here, this ‘snapshot’ reveals differences across the mouth, over time and between sexes.","PeriodicalId":296099,"journal":{"name":"Dental Anthropology Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123820232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Outlining a Definition of Oral Health within the Study of Human Skeletal Remains 在人类骨骼遗骸研究中概述口腔健康的定义

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.297

M. Pilloud, J.p. Fancher

引用次数: 5

Letter of Obituary: Grant Townsend 讣告:格兰特·汤森

Dental Anthropology Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.26575/DAJ.V32I2.302

T. Hughes

引用次数: 0