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Conclusion: An Improbable Quest 结论:一个不可能的任务
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.7591/9781501726149-011
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引用次数: 0
6. Contending with Decline 6. 与衰落抗争
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.7591/9781501726149-009
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引用次数: 0
List of Abbreviations 缩略语一览表
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.1515/9781501726149-002
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引用次数: 0
1. Pursuing Hegemony 1. 追求霸权
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.7591/9781501726149-004
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引用次数: 0
Frontmatter
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.7591/9781501726149-fm
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引用次数: 0
An Improbable Quest 不可能的探索
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2018-10-15 DOI: 10.7591/CORNELL/9781501726132.003.0009
W. Walker
{"title":"An Improbable Quest","authors":"W. Walker","doi":"10.7591/CORNELL/9781501726132.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/CORNELL/9781501726132.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"The conclusion revisits the history of Luce’s American Century, surveying how this imagined community never lived up to either his expectations or those of the policymakers who tried but failed to bring the world under American leadership. As the American Century fell into dormancy after 1968, some former officials like Thomas L. Hughes tried to define it in terms Luce would not have recognized. The idea of an American Century largely vanished until the 1990s when neoconservatives revived it in an adulterated form, the Project for the New American Century. Then during Barack Obama’s presidency, Hillary Clinton called for a new American Century to contain China’s ambitions. Subsequently, Donald Trump’s aversion to exerting global leadership likely dashed all such hopes.","PeriodicalId":294203,"journal":{"name":"The Rise and Decline of the American Century","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115296297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seeking Order and Stability 谋求秩序稳定
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2018-10-15 DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0004
W. Walker
{"title":"Seeking Order and Stability","authors":"W. Walker","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines how the Eisenhower administration sought to bring stability to a changing world. Global containment remained at the heart of grand strategy, focusing on developments in the Third World. The rise to power of the Shah of Iran and Ngo Dinh Diem in South Vietnam after France’s defeat at Dien Bien Phu in May 1954 bolstered the American Century, yet officials could not ignore the growth of radical nationalism, as represented by Jacobo Árbenz Guzmân in Guatemala, Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt, and nations present at the Bandung Conference in April 1955. Nation-building offered one response through educational programs and religious missions. To guard against revolution, Washington supported counterinsurgency operations in places where radicalism took hold.","PeriodicalId":294203,"journal":{"name":"The Rise and Decline of the American Century","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116678743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attaining Primacy 获得主导地位
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2018-10-15 DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0008
W. Walker
{"title":"Attaining Primacy","authors":"W. Walker","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores Richard Nixon’s and Henry Kissinger’s disdain for hegemony and search for primacy as they sought to refurbish America’s tarnished reputation. Through their pursuit of détente with the Soviet Union and China, their resort to the Nixon Doctrine (to exit as gracefully as possible from Indochina), and the meeting at the Smithsonian Institution in December 1971 to restore America’s global economic stature, they attempted to achieve U.S. primacy in world affairs. Their efforts to implement the novel grand strategy of strategic globalism fell short, as seen in the difficulty of extricating the United States from Vietnam, Nixon’s Watergate imbroglio, and the presence of competing visions of world order among allies, most notably in West Germany’s pursuit of Ostpolitik.","PeriodicalId":294203,"journal":{"name":"The Rise and Decline of the American Century","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134538097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bearing Burdens 轴承负担
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2018-10-15 DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0006
W. Walker
{"title":"Bearing Burdens","authors":"W. Walker","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter assesses the various obstacles impeding the expansion of the American Century from early 1961 through 1964. Numerous problems, including Laos, Berlin, the Cuban missile crisis, and Vietnam brought into question John F. Kennedy’s leadership. His response too often minimized consultation with allies and, across the Third World, increasingly focused on security and stability through civic action programs, overseen by the Office of Public Safety in the Agency for International Development—to the great detriment, for example, of experiments like the Alliance for Progress. Meanwhile, the rise of multinational corporations and deficit-induced flight of gold thwarted Kennedy’s and Lyndon Johnson’s economic policies, while weakening America’s hegemony and credibility.","PeriodicalId":294203,"journal":{"name":"The Rise and Decline of the American Century","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116021147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protecting the Free World 保护自由世界
The Rise and Decline of the American Century Pub Date : 2018-10-15 DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0003
W. Walker
{"title":"Protecting the Free World","authors":"W. Walker","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501726132.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter, covering the years 1950-1952, demonstrates how the United States expanded the American Century by protecting the Free World. In April 1950, the National Security Council led by Paul H. Nitze formalized the grand strategy of global containment in NSC 68. Thereafter, U.S. influence spread throughout the world, especially to Syngman Rhee’s South Korea, Taiwan, Indochina, and the oil-rich Middle East. Economically, the Truman administration turned to economic aid and, importantly, the International Monetary Fund to improve the chances of modernization in developing lands. U.S. officials also sought to strengthen the Free World through cultural programs, which meant Americanization at the local level. These efforts largely succeeded, greatly aiding the cause of the American Century.","PeriodicalId":294203,"journal":{"name":"The Rise and Decline of the American Century","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128087428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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