ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic)最新文献_第2页

A Framework for Social Fairness – Insights From Two Algorithmic Decision – Making Controversies in the Netherlands 社会公平的框架——从荷兰的两个算法决策争议中得出的见解

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-12-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3756755

T. Timan, F. Grommé

{"title":"A Framework for Social Fairness – Insights From Two Algorithmic Decision – Making Controversies in the Netherlands","authors":"T. Timan, F. Grommé","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3756755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3756755","url":null,"abstract":"Questions of (un)fairness in AI have been a point of focus of recent debates around potential negative consequences of applying AI is society. Many of the concerns around fairness and AI, however, are not new – rather they stem from larger sociopolitical concerns around digitization in societies in general. In detail, they revolve around fairness, accessibility and exploitability of digital means: who has the means, the expertise and the actual data to make maximum use of digitization, and at the expense of whom or what? Algorithmic Decision-making (ADM) can be seen as one form of applied AI in which questions of fairness– as novel manifestations of digitization in – and of society. AI as a way to automate decisions has been interpreted both as a novel threat to fairness (due to automated enforcement of already existing unfairness in society), and as a novel opportunity to curb unfairness, due the ability of AI to make more objective thus fair decisions (if all else equal). Based on recent literature from a variety of social science domains and two recent case studies in the Netherlands around controversial ADM systems, we propose a framework that can help guide the design-and development of fair ADM systems and services.","PeriodicalId":294049,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122030752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Deepening the EU's Single Market for Services 深化欧盟单一服务市场

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781513520681.001

C. Ebeke, Jan-Martin Frie, Louise Rabier

引用次数: 5

Determinants of Green Innovations: Firm-Level Evidence 绿色创新的决定因素:企业层面的证据

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3495884

Iulia Siedschlag, Stefano Meneto, Manuel Tong Koeckling

引用次数: 2

Harmonising Intermediary Copyright Liability in the EU: A Summary 协调欧盟的中介版权责任:综述

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3685863

C. Angelopoulos

{"title":"Harmonising Intermediary Copyright Liability in the EU: A Summary","authors":"C. Angelopoulos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3685863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3685863","url":null,"abstract":"With the adoption and subsequent national implementation of the E-Commerce Directive’s safe harbour regime, the architecture set up in Europe for the liability of internet intermediaries for third party copyright infringement has become two-tiered: at a first stage, it is necessary to examine whether a given intermediary attracts, in its pursuit of a certain activity, liability according to the standards set out in national law. If so, the applicability of a safe harbour must be considered. As a result, although it provides a veneer of approximation by immunising intermediaries under certain conditions, the Directive does not harmonise the underlying substantive liability norms which determine whether the safe harbours will be necessary or redundant. This leaves ample room for national divergences. The resultant fragmentation strikes a discordant note in the otherwise highly harmonised area of copyright. To address this fragmentation, harmonising momentum has picked up at the European Union (EU) level. <br><br>In research conducted from 2011 to 2015 at the Institute for Information Law (IViR) of the University of Amsterdam, I explored the options for moving EU law forward towards a fully harmonised intermediary liability system in copyright. This chapter provides a brief summary of that research. It considers both the current European rules and the national regimes in place in three European jurisdictions (UK, France and Germany). Subsequently, the relationship between these rules and the national substantive tort principles that underlie them is examined. Based on the lessons learnt from those tort principles, the chapter works its way towards proposing a model harmonised framework to govern the area: a truly European, cogent, stable and effective structure for intermediary accessory copyright liability.","PeriodicalId":294049,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132643296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developments on Helix Theory: Exploring a Micro-Evolutionary Repositioning in Stra.Tech.Man Terms 螺旋理论的发展:探索微观进化的重新定位

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.32861/ijwpds.510.87.99

Charis Vlados, Dimos Chatzinikolaou

引用次数: 12

The Brexit Game: Uncertainty and Location Decision 英国脱欧游戏:不确定性和选址决策

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-07-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3421196

Douglas Silveira, I. Silva, Silvinha Vasconcelos, Fernando Salgueiro Perobelli

引用次数: 2

Doing Business Below the Line: Screening, Mafias and Public Funds 线下经商:审查、黑手党和公共资金

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-06-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3299552

Gianmarco Daniele, Gemma Dipoppa

引用次数: 14

Privacy Challenges and Approaches to the Consent Dilemma 隐私挑战和同意困境的方法

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3442612

Malin Olivia Soeder

{"title":"Privacy Challenges and Approaches to the Consent Dilemma","authors":"Malin Olivia Soeder","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3442612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3442612","url":null,"abstract":"Privacy decisions and their underlying tradeoffs are genuine fields of study in economics. This master thesis builds on the well recorded findings that people give away more private information than they would like to reveal according to their pre-decisional statements. This so called ‘privacy paradox’ is one political justification for renewing outdated privacy laws towards a more privacy protecting approach. Since May 2018 the ‘General Data Protection Regulation’ (GDPR) is legally enforceable in Europe and intends to give Europeans citizens’ the legislative frame to protect their data. By changing the decision design from opting out of sharing data, to opting in allowing the use of private information, the regulation aims at giving Europeans thought-out control over their data. However, only few reads the privacy regulations of service providers and are able to process the information towards well-balanced decisions. This results in inflationary consent-giving of users and works against the actual political intention of enabling an informed consent giving. This master thesis intends in unfolding this ‘consent dilemma’ and finding solutions towards better informed decision-making.","PeriodicalId":294049,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116048432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Efectos sinérgicos y complementariedades en los recursos TIC (Synergistic Effects and Complementarity in IT Resources) 资讯科技资源的协同效应及互补性(TIC)

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-03-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3494200

Carlos Piñeiro-Sánchez, Pablo de Llano-Monelos, Manuel Rodríguez - López

引用次数: 0

Superstar exclusivity in two-sided markets 超级明星在双边市场的排他性

ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-02-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3243777

Elias Carroni, Leonardo Madio, Shiva Shekhar

{"title":"Superstar exclusivity in two-sided markets","authors":"Elias Carroni, Leonardo Madio, Shiva Shekhar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3243777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3243777","url":null,"abstract":"In most platform environments, the exclusive provision of premium content from leading creators (superstars) is used as a strategy to boost user participation and secure a competitive edge vis-à-vis rivals. In this article, we study the impact of superstar exclusive content provision on platform competition and complementors’ homing decisions. Two competing platforms facilitate interactions between consumers and suppliers, of which the latter are identified by the superstar and a fringe of complementors (e.g., independent developers, amateurs). When platform competition is intense, more consumers become affiliated with the platform favored by superstar exclusivity. This mechanism is self-reinforcing as it generates an entry cascade of complementors, and some complementors single home on the favored platform. We find that cross-group externalities are key in shaping market outcomes. First, exclusivity benefits complementors and might make consumers better off when cross-group externalities are large enough. Second, contrary to conventional wisdom, vertical integration (platform-superstar) may make exclusivity less likely than vertical separation under reasonable conditions. Finally, we discuss implications for the strategies of platform owners, managers of superstars and complementors, and antitrust enforcers. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy. Funding: L. Madio gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Economic and Social Research Council [Grant ES/J500215/1], the UCLouvain “Move-in” Fellowship Programme, the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [Grant 670494], and the Unicredit & Universities Foscolo Europe Fellowship. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4720 .","PeriodicalId":294049,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other European Economics: Microeconomics & Industrial Organization (Topic)","volume":" 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113952375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8