SURG Journal最新文献_第2页

How You Treat Me Matters: The Role of Incivility Behaviours in Close Relationships Formed Between Individuals in Virtual Work 你如何对待我很重要:不文明行为在虚拟工作中人与人之间形成的亲密关系中的作用

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2021-09-18 DOI: 10.21083/surg.v13i1.6638

Justin Brass

引用次数: 0

Analysis of convergent and parallel amino acid substitutions in the HSP90AA1 gene among high-elevation anurans 高原羚羊HSP90AA1基因趋同与平行氨基酸取代分析

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.21083/SURG.V13I1.6571

Joyce Tao

{"title":"Analysis of convergent and parallel amino acid substitutions in the HSP90AA1 gene among high-elevation anurans","authors":"Joyce Tao","doi":"10.21083/SURG.V13I1.6571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/SURG.V13I1.6571","url":null,"abstract":"A significant amount of convergent and parallel amino acid substitutions in the HSP90AA1 gene has been detected among four species of high-elevation anurans: Bufo tibetanus, Scutiger boulengeri, Rana kukunoris, and Nanorana parkeri. As HSP proteins are involved in response to environmental stress, it is possible these mutations play a role in high-elevation adaptation. In this study, I investigated the functional consequences of these substitutions and inferred their potential links to adaptation. I examined HSP90AA1 sequences of 13 anuran species previously studied. Using PROVEAN, I isolated three deleterious mutations: P65S, K195A, and _199I, each shared between two of the high-elevation species. I further analyzed the protein structure, stability change, and structural damage using model predictions. Based on its buried location and cavity expansion, P65S was predicted to most likely alter protein function. Furthermore, I examined HSP90AA1 sequences of over 100 other animal species available from public databases and found that serine at site 65 is ubiquitously present in cold-water fish, suggesting the substitution is related to cold adaptation. Alanine at site 195 and isoleucine at site 199 were not found in any other species, but these substitutions also might impact protein function as they are predicted to be destabilizing and their ancestral residues have reported post-translational modifications in orthologs. Tests of protein function and an investigation of more sequences from high-elevation species would help to further link these substitutions to adaptation, particularly P65S. Identifying mutations that contribute to high-elevation adaptation would aid in uncovering the molecular mechanisms of adaptation.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121081997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trigger warnings: A quantitative study on the stigmatization of individuals with a mental illness and university students’ help-seeking intentions 触发警告:心理疾病个体污名化与大学生求助意向的定量研究

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.21083/SURG.V13I1.6314

Paul Copoc

{"title":"Trigger warnings: A quantitative study on the stigmatization of individuals with a mental illness and university students’ help-seeking intentions","authors":"Paul Copoc","doi":"10.21083/SURG.V13I1.6314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/SURG.V13I1.6314","url":null,"abstract":"Requests for trigger warnings before distressing content in the university classroom have increased, especially to accommodate individuals with a history of trauma. However, no empirical evidence has been collected on the stigmatizing nature of trigger warnings. The trigger warning debate has received mainstream media attention and draws dichotomous lines between those who believe in the protective nature of trigger warnings, and those who believe they are coddling to students. The trigger warning literature is limited, however, and focuses mainly on how trigger warnings affect anticipated or experienced anxiety, emotional regulation, and post-traumatic stress. To date, the literature fails to investigate how trigger warnings influence stigma towards those who may benefit from them most, namely, individuals with a mental illness, and whether trigger warnings influence help-seeking intentions. In this study, participants were psychology students recruited from the University of Guelph. Design: 2 x 2 repeated measures split-plot design with two phases: 1) participants filled out an online survey to provide a baseline for phase two, and 2) participants were randomized into either a trigger warning or control condition and subsequently filled out the same online survey. Analysis: 2 x 2 analysis of variance for each dependent variable (stigma, help-seeking intentions). Results: In this sample, trigger warnings did not have an effect on students’ stigmatization toward individuals with a mental illness or their help-seeking intentions. This paper is an abridged version of one that has been uploaded to the Open Science Foundation website and can be found under this project: (osf.io).","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123339152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Radical Right-Wing Failure in Canada 加拿大激进右翼的失败

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.21083/surg.v12i1.6349

C. Buck

引用次数: 0

Small, But Significant Declines In Crop Productivity On Low Fertility Soils 在低肥力土壤上，作物产量虽小但显著下降

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-04 DOI: 10.21083/surg.v12i1.5906

Samantha Ramirez

{"title":"Small, But Significant Declines In Crop Productivity On Low Fertility Soils","authors":"Samantha Ramirez","doi":"10.21083/surg.v12i1.5906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v12i1.5906","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural yields are susceptible to losses during extreme weather events related to climate change, jeopardizing food security. Yield losses may be mediated by underlying quality or variation of agricultural land in soil fertility, topography, drainage, and growing degree days. For instance, crops grown on poor quality land may be more susceptible to the negative consequences of climate variation as compared to crops grown on high quality land. This study investigated yield response for corn, soybeans, and pasture to different land qualities across Ontario from 2011 to 2017. Yield is approximated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which is a satellite-derived measure of biomass production. For three focal crops (soybean, corn, and pasture), the average maximum NDVI and the coefficient of variance (CV) of maximum NDVI were aggregated at a provincial and county scale for each land quality classification. Relatively stable CV values were evident across all land qualities, yet certain counties showed greater variation in productivity on poor quality land suggesting greater susceptibility to extreme weather. Over 7 years, there were small but significant declines in NDVI in response to poor quality land for all three crop types. This suggests that agricultural producers cannot overcome the biophysical limitations of poor quality land on crop yield. Understanding differential crop productivity responses to land quality can help producers mitigate crop losses to climatic variation, thus equally stabilizing food availability.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131939302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Right to Food in Canada’s North: Food Security and Sustainability in Yukon Territory 加拿大北部的食物权:育空地区的粮食安全和可持续性

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2020-08-09 DOI: 10.21083/surg.v12i1.5438

Sophia Hou, Lauren Q. Sneyd

{"title":"The Right to Food in Canada’s North: Food Security and Sustainability in Yukon Territory","authors":"Sophia Hou, Lauren Q. Sneyd","doi":"10.21083/surg.v12i1.5438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v12i1.5438","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the factors affecting food security in Yukon Territory. It was written for the Yukon Field School on Food Security offered at the University of Guelph in 2019. It utilizes Olivier De Schutter’s Right to Food Framework to examine elements of food availability, accessibility, and adequacy. Different perspectives from various stakeholder participants in the field school were gathered during guest lectures and on site visits and were cross-referenced with peer-reviewed sources to formulate conclusions on the right to food in Canada’s North. These perspectives suggest that the northern food supply is threatened by the effect of climate change on country food availability, the feasibility of local agriculture, and the provision of imported food. Additionally, the social barriers to country food and local food access in the context of high poverty rates also contribute to food insecurity. The implications of insufficient food availability and accessibility culminate in food inadequacy with notable consequences for physical, mental, and cultural health. Overall, a move towards a locally-sourced diet will likely play a key role in achieving sustainable food security in the north.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133705175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Female size and pre-copulatory sexual selection by males of intertidal snail (Littorina saxatilis) 潮间带蜗牛雌体大小与雄体交配前性选择

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2019-11-04 DOI: 10.21083/SURG.V11I0.5407

Nora Alsafi

{"title":"Female size and pre-copulatory sexual selection by males of intertidal snail (Littorina saxatilis)","authors":"Nora Alsafi","doi":"10.21083/SURG.V11I0.5407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/SURG.V11I0.5407","url":null,"abstract":"Littorina saxatilis, the rough periwinkle, is highly promiscuous and polyandrous; female L. saxatilis snails rarely reject male advances. Sexual selection by males has been observed in this species. Sexual selection is one of the driving forces of evolution and may be a significant contributor to partial reproductive isolation between two ecotypes of L. saxatilis. Male sexual selection based on female size was investigated for wave-exposed crab ecotype snails in this study. Males and females were measured and placed in mating arenas. Males were presented with a choice of a smaller or larger female relative to themselves. Mating frequency and duration was recorded. A total of 19 successful trials were performed. A significantly higher mating frequency (p<0.005) was associated with larger females, indicating that males exhibit strong pre-copulatory sexual selection. Mating duration was significantly longer for larger female mating events (p<0.05) but was also equally determined by male size (p<0.05) as larger males tended to mate for longer. These results indicate that a strong sexual selection by males exists for L. saxatilis, in which larger females are preferred. This behavior may be a response to perceived fecundity of females, and/or may be a product of selection against hybrids.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130792507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating the Financial Return to Education Between Fields of Study 估算不同学习领域之间的教育财务回报

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-23 DOI: 10.21083/surg.v11i0.5354

J. McRae

{"title":"Estimating the Financial Return to Education Between Fields of Study","authors":"J. McRae","doi":"10.21083/surg.v11i0.5354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v11i0.5354","url":null,"abstract":"The Mincer regression equation was utilized to compute the expected financial return to education from additional years of education across the 2016 Canadian population. Data was taken from the 2016 Canadian Census of Population to create the populations of interest. Three sub populations were then derived from the collected data to represent Canadians with different major areas of study namely, business, humanities, and engineering. Mincerian regressions were run using these subsections to determine how the financial return to education differs between distinct majors. Additional multiple regressions included an interaction term between sex and years of schooling in an attempt to determine whether an individual’s sex affects their expected return to education given a specific area of study. The regression results indicated that business majors boast the largest average expected return to education while engineering majors boast the lowest. Subsequently, in relation to business majors, sex was not found to have an impact on expected financial returns. Future research may build off the findings of this paper by expanding the scope to include all areas of study in addition to deciphering whether the expected return to education for a given major is consistent throughout all major Canadian universities.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116322984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Acculturation of Syrian Refugees in Germany 叙利亚难民在德国的文化适应

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-23 DOI: 10.21083/surg.v11i0.5219

Paul Copoc

{"title":"Acculturation of Syrian Refugees in Germany","authors":"Paul Copoc","doi":"10.21083/surg.v11i0.5219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v11i0.5219","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2011, there has been an ongoing civil war in Syria between various militant groups, ISIS, and the Syrian government, in response to the oppressive regime of the Syrian government of President Bashar al-Assad. As a result, the largest migration that the world has seen since the Second World War has transpired. Approximately 13 million Syrians have been forcefully displaced from their homes, making this one of the largest humanitarian crises of our time. Many Syrians have sought refuge in neighbouring countries, as well as in Europe, the United States, and Canada. There is notably little research on refugee adaptation in Europe, which is the focus of this study. Using aspects of the Multidimensional Individual Differences Acculturation (MIDA) model, this study looked to examine the sociocultural and psychophysical adaptation of Syrian refugees in Germany. Measures that were excluded from the current version of the MIDA model were Ingroup Contact and Outgroup Contact. Researchers at Ludwig Maximilians University Munich administered paper and pencil surveys to 265 participants in Nuremberg, Germany who were attending vocational and language schools. Results displayed a significant relationship between Psychosocial Resources and Integration, and Psychophysical Distress; Co-National Connectedness and Integration; and Hassles and Psychophysical Distress. This study looks to inform host country government policies about positive integration strategies for refugee adaptation.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131965767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The finiteness of crude oil: Are we running out? 原油的有限性:我们即将耗尽吗?

SURG Journal Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.21083/SURG.V11I0.5225

Conor Smith

{"title":"The finiteness of crude oil: Are we running out?","authors":"Conor Smith","doi":"10.21083/SURG.V11I0.5225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/SURG.V11I0.5225","url":null,"abstract":"Oil is a controversial natural resource. One aspect of its controversial nature takes the form of periodic expressions of fear at the prospect of the depletion of this energy source, often referred to as Peak Oil Theory. Julian Simon was among the first to challenge the increasing scarcity scenario and argued that global oil stocks are increasing as a result of anthropogenic activity. He presented evidence that, since the 1860s, oil prices had been generally decreasing. Bjørn Lomborg set out to challenge Simon’s finding, and ultimately ended up siding with Simon, concluding that crude oil stocks are increasing and that there is no sign that the world will soon “run out” of this finite resource. This paper updates the earlier work by Simon and Lomborg to see if the trends that they documented have changed since their research was published. Updated data are presented on oil prices, stocks, and extraction rates. These updated data suggest that most of Simon and Lomborg’s findings still hold. The analysis provided in this report concludes that the depletion of oil stocks is not of utmost concern, and that continuous technological innovation allows for greater output per unit of crude oil consumed, thus essentially increasing the availability of crude oil, and giving new meaning to the term “finite” in the realm of natural resources. Of course, future alternatives are important to discuss, as issues associated with oil dependency remain relevant. But fears of running out of this resource seem to be unjustified.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123468771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0