Hakan Aydin, R. Melhem, D. Mossé, Pedro Mejía-Alvarez
{"title":"Determining optimal processor speeds for periodic real-time tasks with different power characteristics","authors":"Hakan Aydin, R. Melhem, D. Mossé, Pedro Mejía-Alvarez","doi":"10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934038","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we provide an efficient solution for periodic real-time tasks with (potentially) different power consumption characteristics. We show that a task T/sub i/ can run at a constant speed S/sub i/ at every instance without hurting optimality. We sketch an O(n/sup 2/ log n) algorithm to compute the optimal S/sub i/ values. We also prove that the EDF (Earliest Deadline First) scheduling policy can be used to obtain a feasible schedule with these optimal speed values.","PeriodicalId":292136,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 13th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129105781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A synchronous model of IEC 61131 PLC languages in SIGNAL","authors":"Fernando Jiménez-Fraustro, É. Rutten","doi":"10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934016","url":null,"abstract":"Control systems for industrial automation feature real-time programs embedded in a variety of machines and processes, showing complexity and safety criticality. Standardization has led to the definition of the IEC 61131 design standard for Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). Its formalization for purposes of analysis and design tool support is an active research topic. The synchronous approach to real-time and reactive systems has resulted in formalisms and effective tools for the compilation, analysis and verification of specifications. With the motivation to give access to the latter; this paper presents a synchronous model of the PLC programming languages ST (Structured Text) and FBD (Function Block Diagrams), based on the language SIGNAL.","PeriodicalId":292136,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 13th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132872220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sintoski, D. Hammer, O. V. Roosmalen, J. Hooman
{"title":"Formal platform-independent design of real-time systems","authors":"A. Sintoski, D. Hammer, O. V. Roosmalen, J. Hooman","doi":"10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934023","url":null,"abstract":"A formal approach for the development of real-time control systems is described. Our development process consists of two phases: the platform-independent phase, which includes specification programming and verification and the second phase, where execution platform considerations (i.e. resource constraints) are taken into account. This development process supports the use of end-to-end timing constraints through the whole design process without splitting them apart. A real-time application is modeled as a parallel composition of objects communicating by means of asynchronous message passing. This work concentrates on a compositional framework that combines the specification and verification of functional requirements and end-to-end timing constraints into one consistent formal model. In this paper we apply the approach to the mine pump control system. The formal analysis shows that a previously published implementation of the mine pump control system is incorrect.","PeriodicalId":292136,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 13th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115048612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-time disk scheduling for block-stripping I2O RAID","authors":"Tei-Wei Kuo, Ji-Shin Rao, Jun Wu, V. Lee","doi":"10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934036","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of Intelligent I/O (I2O) architecture provides a standard for high-performance I/O subsystems and introduces intelligence at the hardware level. With an embedded processor, I2O adaptors can offload the major I/O processing workload from the CPU and, at the same time, increase the I/O performance. This paper addresses the essential issue in the design of disk scheduling for I2O RAID-0 devices. We explore online real-time multi-disk scheduling for I2O requests and propose highly efficient algorithms to minimize the number of deadline violations and, at the same time, to improve the response times of requests. The proposed methodologies are verified by a series of experiments under realistic and randomly generated workloads.","PeriodicalId":292136,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 13th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Ciapessoni, F. Maestri, J. Szanto, S. Crespi-Reghizzi, Andrea C. Ornstein, G. Psaila
{"title":"Partitioning of hierarchical automation systems","authors":"E. Ciapessoni, F. Maestri, J. Szanto, S. Crespi-Reghizzi, Andrea C. Ornstein, G. Psaila","doi":"10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934018","url":null,"abstract":"The research described concerns the partitioning of large control applications for a multi-computer system in order to meet plant localization requirements and to exploit parallelism. The considered applications have hierarchical structure and are composed by a network of automata. Our application domain is the automation of power stations and electricity distribution. Because of strong EM noise in such environments, the software architecture is organized to be tolerant to transient faults, which could affect the stability of the control system. The hierarchical structure provides a decompositional approach to the design of complex applications. The context for this work is the ASFA platform, originally designed by the Italian board of electricity. The main result is a new partitioning algorithm for hierarchical automata networks, that splits the application into sub-networks which are deadlock-free, compliant with localization constraints, and as parallelizable as possible. The algorithm is also able to satisfy mutual exclusion constraints and to take into account computation/communication weights to achieve balancing of partitions.","PeriodicalId":292136,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 13th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127611251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. González Harbour, J. Javier Gutiérrez, J.C. Palencia Gutierrez, J. M. Drake Moyano
{"title":"MAST: Modeling and analysis suite for real time applications","authors":"M. González Harbour, J. Javier Gutiérrez, J.C. Palencia Gutierrez, J. M. Drake Moyano","doi":"10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMRTS.2001.934015","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a model for representing the temporal and logical elements of real-time applications, called MAST. This model allows a very rich description of the system, including the effects of event or message-based synchronization, multiprocessor and distributed architectures as well as shared resource synchronization. The model is directly obtainable from a description of the system design using a UML tool. A system representation using this model is analyzable through a set of tools that has been developed within the MAST suite, including worst-case schedulability analysis for hard timing requirements, and discrete-event simulation for soft timing requirements. Although the current model only includes fixed priority systems, it is conceived as an open model and is easily extensible to accommodate other kinds of systems.","PeriodicalId":292136,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings 13th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117036475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}