{"title":"Humanization of the Law Applicable to Fresh Water","authors":"Laurence Boisson de Chazournes","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198863427.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863427.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Human needs have permeated the law applicable to fresh water through a variety of avenues. This development has added new contours to existing rules and principles. It has also led to the emergence of new rules and principles that concern individuals and non-state actors in the protection and management of fresh water. Over and above a mere cognizance of human needs, there has in recent years been a recognition of a human right to water and sanitation. Moreover, public participation and access to remedies have become particularly important in light of increasing economic activity that may affect, for example, access to clean water. Further still, the regulation of fresh water and protection of water-related infrastructure in armed conflict has broadened and deepened in recent years.","PeriodicalId":291763,"journal":{"name":"Fresh Water in International Law","volume":"394 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120878152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environmentalization of the Law Applicable to Fresh Water","authors":"Laurence Boisson de Chazournes","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198863427.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863427.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines how international environmental law contributes to the protection and effective management of fresh water. There has been, over time, a growing awareness of the linkages between water and the environment. Principles and norms of international environmental law have emerged and are incorporated in many treaties dealing with transboundary water resources. Moreover, a number of multilateral environmental agreements are concerned with the protection of these water resources and their institutional mechanisms assist with implementation. International environmental law instruments and those instruments dealing with fresh water complement each other in enhancing the protection and management of fresh water overall.","PeriodicalId":291763,"journal":{"name":"Fresh Water in International Law","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126486530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Institutionalization Trends in Fresh Water Governance","authors":"Laurence Boisson de Chazournes","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198863427.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863427.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Institutions of a varied nature and with diverse mandates are involved with the protection and management of fresh water. Indeed, there has been an ever-increasing institutionalization trend in fresh water governance since the nineteenth century. As some of the first international institutions to be established, basin organizations and commissions have helped—and continue to help—strengthen cooperation among riparian countries, as well as to facilitate other concerned actors’ involvement in this endeavour. Since the early 1970s, the mandates of international organizations have increasingly included a variety of issues related to water protection and management. Among these issues is the provision of technical and financial assistance, which now serves as a key governance tool. Moreover, partnerships among various stakeholders have also been established and these are explored in this chapter.","PeriodicalId":291763,"journal":{"name":"Fresh Water in International Law","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134445099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}