ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring of the Mosquito Vector of Dangerous Arboviruses Using\u0000the ZikaMap Web Portal","authors":"D. Prislegina, O. V. Maletskaya, V. Dubyanskiy, Lyudmila I. Shaposhnikova, Anna Yu. Zhiltsova, Nadezhda F. Vasilenko, Yu. M. Tokhov, Andrey V. Antonov, A. Kulichenko","doi":"10.35627/5238/2023-31-7-75-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/5238/2023-31-7-75-82","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The active spread of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, epidemiologically important vectors for the transmission of dangerous arboviruses, on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Region necessitates prompt analysis of the results of their monitoring using modern geographic information systems.\u0000Objective: To analyze the results of practical application of the ZikaMap web portal for tracing migration of tiger mosquitoes along the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Region in 2016–2022.\u0000Materials and methods: We used Aedes albopictus migration monitoring data for 2016–2022 from the ZikaMap web portal. Mosquito counts were taken in Novorossiysk, Anapa and Tuapse districts, and Sochi with the total of 476 objects and 2,366 stationary points examined.\u0000Results and discussion: Tiger mosquitoes were found on the territory of epidemically significant objects four times (in the years 2018–2019 and in 2021) and once (in 2017) at a distance of 500 m from them (within the flight range of the Aedes mosquito). Immediately after that, emergency local disinfestation treatment was carried out. The highest abundance of Ae. albopictus (both in absolute numbers and catch per trap per hour) during the entire study period was registered in the Central District of Sochi, with a decrease observed since 2020. Results of the annual comparative cartographic analysis for 2016–2022 indicate the expansion of the boundaries of the Ae. albopictus habitat on the territory of the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Region 122 km northwards and 83 km westwards.\u0000Conclusion: It is expedient to continue developing real-time geographic information technologies in order to optimize approaches to monitoring and assessment of the current epidemic potential of natural foci of vector-borne and zoonotic infections and to improve the efficiency of response to potential worsening of the epidemic situation.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"103 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131983962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical and Demographic Processes in the Republic of Karelia in 2011–2021:\u0000Trends and Risks","authors":"N. A. Nikiforova, T. A. Karapetyan, N. V. Dorshakova","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-7-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-7-14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Republic of Karelia is a part of the Northwestern Federal District and, being a sparsely populated constituent entity of the Russian Federation, is characterized by a difficult medical and demographic situation.\u0000Objective: To assess trends in medical and demographic processes in the Republic of Karelia in 2011–2021.\u0000Materials and methods: We analyzed official statistical data provided by the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Karelia for the years 2011 to 2021. Both absolute and relative values and time series indicators were used to characterize the processes under study.\u0000Results: A long-term depopulation process has been taking place in the region: since 2011, the size of population has decreased by 39.5 thousand people, which was mainly attributed to the rural population decline and a shrinking number of women. In 2011–2021, the natural population growth rate was negative (–2.8 and –12.1 per 1,000 population in 2011 and 2021, respectively), began to worsen in 2015 due to a decrease in the birth rate, and even aggravated during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020–2021 owing to increased mortality rates. Diseases of the circulatory system and neoplasms were found to be the leading causes of death during the study period. In 2011–2020, the infant mortality rate ranged from 44.2 to 76.3 per 10 thousand births. We observed a regressive population age structure in the republic characterized by a decrease in the young-age to old-age population ratio from 0.70 in 2011 to 0.67 in 2021. The proportion of residents aged 60 years and older rose from 18.3 % in 2011 to 24.5 % in 2021. The share of working adults, on the opposite, decreased from 61.1 % in 2011 to 54.6 % in the year 2021. In 2020, a gradual increase in life expectancy traced in 2011–2019 turned into a decrease caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000Conclusions: The unfavorable medical and demographic situation in the Republic of Karelia requires special attention of the scientific community and governmental structures. Applying the principle of a systematic approach to solving the problem will help improve the current situation.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116278673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measures to Increase Job Satisfaction of Oncologists at Outpatient Cancer Centers","authors":"S. Russkikh, L. Moskvicheva, Еlena А. Tarasenkо, E. Makarova, M. Vasiliev, Yulia V. Arsenina, Yulia V. Valova, Alexey N. Doletskiy","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-15-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-15-25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Job satisfaction of oncologists at outpatient cancer centers is an important factor that determines not only personal well-being of a doctor, but also the effectiveness of provision, quality and availability of primary specialized oncological care.\u0000Objectives: To assess the risk of emotional burnout and to determine the level of job satisfaction of oncologists working in outpatient departments in order to propose actions to reduce the risk of job burnout and to elaborate measures promoting job satisfaction.\u0000Materials and methods: In June–August 2022, as part of quantitative sociological surveys, 71 oncologists of Outpatient Cancer Centers located in Moscow and the Moscow and Ivanovo Regions were interviewed to assess their job satisfaction using V.A. Rozanova’s questionnaire. In addition, we conducted a qualitative sociological study consisting of six in-depth interviews with healthcare experts, including heads of federal and regional cancer clinics.\u0000Results: We established that 21.1 % of the respondents were not satisfied with their job. Male specialists and surgeons demonstrated significantly lower job satisfaction than their colleagues. The main reasons for such dissatisfaction were the amount and fairness of wages, long working hours, disunity of actions between employees when performing collective tasks, and the leadership style of the chief. As measures to optimize the performance, the respondents emphasized better equipment of departments, impartial record of achievements of each employee for fair incentive pays, clear distribution\u0000of duties and responsibilities within implementation of collective project tasks, creation of opportunities for paid extra work, and organization of regular meals at the expense of the employer.\u0000Conclusions: The main ways to increase job satisfaction of oncologists at outpatient cancer centers can be optimization of the incentive system that takes into account individual performance indicators, effective organization of the workflow in departments and their sufficient equipment, elaboration of personal development plans, organization of additional formal internal communication channels, an increase in the level of knowledge, skills and abilities of chief medical officers in the field of human resource management, and expansion of employee benefits based on their preferences.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125048549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Body Response to Snowmelt Water Consumption in Military\u0000Personnel Serving in the Arctic Based on Blood Parameters","authors":"R. Rakhmanov, D. A. Narutdinov, E. Bogomolova, Sergei A. Razgulin, Murat Kh. Alikberov, Dmitry V. Nepryakhin","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-48-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-48-54","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Stability of physicochemical parameters of body fluids reflects the degree of influence of environmental factors on the body.\u0000Objective: To assess the body response to snowmelt water consumption for drinking purposes in military personnel serving in the Arctic based on blood parameters.\u0000Material and methods: The study was conducted in summer 2022. We took snowmelt water samples for chemical analysis and venous samples from 51 servicemen for a complete blood count and electrolyte measurements.\u0000Results: Snowmelt testing showed that the levels of iron were 1.2–1.6, copper – 22.2, zinc – 52.1, sodium – 11.6 to 21.9, magnesium – 5.7 to 29.1, and calcium – 9.0 to 34.1 times lower than reference concentrations. Potassium levels were negligible. The length of service of the study subjects in the Arctic above the 76th parallel North was 5.7 ± 0.3\u0000years. Blood test results showed low or lower normal values of erythrocyte count in 39.2 %, hematocrit – in 19.6 %, and mean hemoglobin – in 13.7 % of the military personnel. A high mean corpuscular volume was detected in 17.6 % of them.\u0000The proportion of stab neutrophils in the sample was 0.55 ± 0.04 % with the normal range of 1 to 6 %. The electrolyte imbalance was evidenced by high serum potassium levels in 21.6 %, a lack of ionized calcium and magnesium in 29.4 % and 17.6 %, respectively, and sodium, phosphorus, and chlorine levels at the lower limit of the normal range in 29.4 to\u000047.1 % of the examined.\u0000Conclusions: Snowmelt water contains low concentrations of inorganic chemicals. Its long-term daily consumption for drinking purposes leads to electrolyte imbalance in the body, such as hypotonic water overload, and is likely to affect nonspecific resistance.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127162745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Main Trends in Bottled Water Consumption among Young People in the Regions\u0000of Southwest Siberia","authors":"N. Potseluev, V. V. Turbinsky, Anna S. Kazyzaeva, O. Zhukova, Ksenia V. Schultz","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-41-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-41-47","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: One of the promising ways to improve the quality of life and life expectancy of the population is harmonization of the drinking regimen aimed at reducing the risk of the negative impact of increased levels of drinking water components and correcting the deficiency of a number of essential microelements.\u0000Objective: To conduct a questionnaire-based survey of young people living in the Altai Region and adjacent territories to determine the proportion of males and females who consume bottled water, taking into account added essential trace elements, duration of regular use, and the approximate volume of general water consumption.\u0000Materials and methods: The study involved 2,068 people, including 1,534 women and 534 men with the mean age of 20.7 ± 2.3 years and 20.6 ± 2.1 years, respectively. The survey was conducted during the second half of 2022 and the results were analyzed in January 2023.\u0000Results: The statistical frequency analysis showed that the structure of bottled water consumption in the young men did not differ from that in the whole sample and the women. The majority of young people (82.0 to 83.5 %) of both sexes actively used bottled water for drinking purposes, and 8.5 to 12.2 % of them consciously chose bottled water with added essential trace elements. The median time of constant bottled water consumption among all the respondents was 5 years with the first and third quartiles of 1 and 10 years, respectively. A statistical relationship was established between sex and the volume of water consumption: the young women were prone to consume less while a large proportion of young men was found to consume more water than required for optimal hydration.\u0000Conclusions: Ensuring proper drinking regimen is an important task for health maintenance of young people, which should be addressed through creation of specialized health schools on the basis of regional centers for prevention of non-communicable diseases and/or disease prevention departments (offices) of medical institutions.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132772726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence Rates in Schoolchildren According to the Results of Comprehensive\u0000Medical Examinations","authors":"I. Shtina, L. V. Osheva, S. Valina, O. Ustinova, O. V. Ermakova","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-26-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-26-34","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The educational process is one of the leading factors determining health of schoolchildren. Identification of pathologic afflictions among students can contribute to targeted development of health promotion activities and significantly reduce risks of diseases related to learning.\u0000Objective: To compare prevalence rates in elementary, secondary and high school students.\u0000Materials and methods: In January 2021 to October 2022, 498 schoolchildren passed comprehensive medical examinations. They were subdivided into three cohorts: cohort 1 consisted of 132 elementary school students (median age = 8 (7; 9) years), cohort 2 included 257 secondary school students (13 (11; 14) years), and cohort 3 comprised 109\u0000high school students aged 16 (16; 17) years. The prevalence was assessed based on doctors’ statements; the data and statistics were analyzed using Jamovi.\u0000Results: Diseases of the musculoskeletal and digestive systems and endocrine disorders were found to be the most prevalent among the students (68.9–87.5 per 100 examined). The highest fold difference was established between high and elementary school students for the prevalence rates of tension-type headache (32.1), chronic gastritis and duodenitis (22.9), myopia (5.1), and scoliosis (2.9). We observed a direct relationship between educational stages and the development of those diseases.\u0000Conclusions: Our findings indicate the need of including additional examinations by neurologists and otolaryngologists at different ages in the procedure for conducting health checkups of minors. The focus, content and scope of health promotion, disease prevention, and outreach activities of pediatricians and preventive medicine physicians should be determined taking into account age-specific prevalence rates and the established association between stages of school education and certain health disorders.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131939985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Motor Vehicle Noise Levels on the Territory of New Residential\u0000Complexes in Voronezh City","authors":"T. I. Prozhorina, Pavel A. Sukhanov, O. Klepikov, S. Kurolap, Yu. A. Sukhanova","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-55-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-7-55-64","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adverse human health effects of motor vehicle noise, which levels are the highest in urban areas, are considered in many foreign and domestic studies.\u0000Objective: To establish the zone of acoustic discomfort related to motor vehicle noise on the territory of new residential complexes in the city of Voronezh.\u0000Materials and methods: Using the “Assistant” sound level meter (accuracy class 1), we conducted 72 noise measurements at 36 monitoring points within the 20.5 hectare area of two residential complexes at distances of 7.5, 50, 100, 200, 300, 350, and 430 meters from the four-lane highway, the main local source of traffic noise. The measurements were taken in May 2023 on working days (Monday to Friday) in the daytime and at night.\u0000Results: We have established that modern urban planning technologies and solutions used in the construction of new residential complexes are unable to eliminate the zone of acoustic discomfort. According to the results of field measurements, the equivalent noise level along the highway in the daytime exceeds permissible levels by 17.8–19.7 dBA\u0000and at night – by 22.6–25.7 dBA. The noise limit is also exceeded in the inner yard (on the playground, in the recreation area). The significant area of the study object is almost completely affected by traffic noise at the distances of up to 100 m and 200 m in the daytime and at night, respectively, which creates an unfavorable acoustic environment that has a negative impact on the local residents.\u0000Conclusions: To reduce the area of the acoustic discomfort zone, it is recommended to take measures to reduce traffic intensity in the study area by developing the road network and public transport system, prohibiting motorcycle and freight traffic on this street, especially at nighttime, improving landscaping of the adjoining territory, and installing transparent noise barriers that will prevent noise transfer between houses to the inner territory of the residential complex and the lower floors of the buildings.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131938175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Population Health Risks Posed by Air Pollution Related\u0000to Coal Mine Reclamation","authors":"V. Kislitsyna, D. Surzhikov, Julia S. Likontseva, R. A. Golikov, D. V. Pestereva","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-6-54-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-6-54-62","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is an urgent need for reclamation of abandoned coal mine lands in Kuzbass to reduce their adverse effects on the environment. \u0000Objective: To assess risks to public health posed by air pollution associated with coal mine liquidation and land reclamation. \u0000Materials and methods: We used data on the volume of maximum permissible emissions of the abandoned coal mine area for 2019 to assess the spread and exposure to pollutants at 40 points selected on the map of the city of Prokopyevsk, Kemerovo Region, and to estimate the maximum and mean concentrations of the contaminants. The values of carcinogenic risk and risks of non-carcinogenic effects were calculated in compliance with the Russian Guidelines R 2.1.10.1920–04, Human Health Risk Assessment from Environmental Chemicals, while risks of chronic toxicity were assessed using methods by Shcherbo et al. The calculated risk values were then compared with their acceptable levels. Risks were also assessed with account for the contribution of background concentrations of chemicals. \u0000Results: The list of priority pollutants included inorganic dust containing 20–70 % SiO2, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon (soot), carbon monoxide, and inorganic dust containing < 20 % SiO2. The estimated maximum and mean concentrations of airborne pollutants during mine reclamation activities were not exceeded at any exposure point. Hazard indices for acute exposures to pollutants exceeded the acceptable level at three points located closer to the sources. Carcinogenic risks did not exceed the level of acceptable risk at any point. Total risks of chronic toxicity were 1.2 and 1.75 times higher than acceptable at two points. Hazard indices estimated with account for the background levels of pollutants were 1.448–2.603 times higher than the acceptable level at all exposure points. The carcinogenic risk assessed taking into account the background levels was found to be acceptable. The most affected (target) critical organs and systems were respiratory organs and blood. Total risks of chronic poisoning assessed with account for background concentrations of ambient air pollutants exceeded the acceptable level by 3.15–5.40 times at all points. \u0000Conclusions: Reclamation activities have no significant effect on ambient air quality and health of the population of Prokopyevsk. Total risks of chronic toxicity and hazard indices exceed acceptable levels in residential areas located close to the reclamation site. High hazard indices and total risks of chronic toxicity established at all exposure points taking into account background concentrations of contaminants, are determined by generally poor environmental conditions in the city with the intensively developing coal industry.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124818795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Populations Vulnerable to HIV Infection: Behavior and Prevention","authors":"I. Nazarova, R. Nesterov","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-6-27-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-6-27-35","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: HIV infection is a complex chronic disease, the incidence of which remains quite high. The total number of Russians, both men and women, living with HIV continues to increase. The registered number of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in the Russian Federation reached 851.8 thousand people at the end of 2021. The analysis of high-risk behavior of vulnerable groups of the population will help update the problem of self-preservation and develop a set of preventive measures for the groups at risk of acquiring the HIV infection. \u0000Objective: To study characteristics of self-preservation of men who have sex with men as one of the key populations at increased risk of HIV. \u0000Methods: We used a 2021 database of men who have sex with men, all clients of a non-profit HIV service organization. A total of 3,455 men who had had sex with men in the past twelve months or those who considered themselves homosexual were interviewed. The survey was conducted in Moscow and the Moscow Region by the Charitable Foundation for Support of Social Initiatives and Public Health. The data analysis was carried out in Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. \u0000Results: The study has revealed the main determinants of behavior and the components of self-preservation in the study subjects. \u0000Conclusion: The clients of the non-profit HIV service organization included in the survey have high-risk behavior and various social diseases, including the combined ones, such as HIV infection, which must be considered when developing preventive measures for this group of population.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130610420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population-Based Study of Coronary Artery Calcification Using the Automated\u0000Analysis of Radiology Reports in Moscow","authors":"Y. Vasilev, A. Vladzymyrskyy, I. Shulkin, K. Arzamasov","doi":"10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-6-7-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-6-7-19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Problems of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the circulatory system remain highly relevant. One of the effective preventive measures is early identification of risk factors, including coronary calcium. Recent achievements in the field of computer vision have made it possible to conduct opportunistic coronary calcium screening.\u0000Objective: To study the prevalence of coronary artery calcification as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in the population of Moscow based on the results of an automated analysis of radiology findings.\u0000Materials and methods: In July 2021 – December 2022, we conducted a retrospective descriptive epidemiological study, within which we analyzed chest CT images of 165,234 patients (71,635 males and 93,599 females) for coronary artery calcification and calcium scoring using AI services in an automated mode.\u0000Results: Coronary calcium was detected in 61.4 % of the examined. The proportion of men was 68.9 %, women – 55.7 % (р < 0.001). The calcium score ranged from 1 to 60,306 units (mean = 558.2). The average growth rate of the calcium score for the whole population was 170.75, the average growth rate was 168.13, and the average increase rate was 68.13 units during study period. In 47.6 % of men and 36.5 % of women with coronary calcium, the calcium score was clinically significant, i.e. ≥ 300 (p < 0.001). Most people with coronary calcium at a clinically significant level belonged to elderly and senile age groups (42.0 % each).\u0000Conclusions: The prevalence of coronary calcium in the population of Moscow was 8.03 per 1,000 people. In men, coronary calcium (including that at a clinically significant level) was statistically more frequent while the average calcium score in them was significantly higher than in women of most age groups. The mean calcium score demonstrated a constant increase with age.","PeriodicalId":290359,"journal":{"name":"ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И СРЕДА ОБИТАНИЯ - ЗНиСО / PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFE ENVIRONMENT","volume":"419-420 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115336921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}