Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation最新文献

Introductory Chapter: A Brief Overview of Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation 导论章:转录和转录后调控的简要概述

Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79753

K. Ghedira

引用次数: 3

Function of the Stem Cell Transcription Factor SALL4 in Hematopoiesis 干细胞转录因子SALL4在造血中的作用

Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76454

Jianchang Yang

引用次数: 1

MicroRNAs in Bone Diseases: Progress and Prospects 骨疾病中的microrna:进展与展望

Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79275

H. Loh, Yuin-Yee Lau, K. Lai, M. Osman

{"title":"MicroRNAs in Bone Diseases: Progress and Prospects","authors":"H. Loh, Yuin-Yee Lau, K. Lai, M. Osman","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79275","url":null,"abstract":"With 19–25 nucleotides long, microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules which play crucial roles in major cellular functions such as cell cycle control, apoptosis, metabolism, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Changes in the expression of miRNAs can cause significant effects to normal and aberrant cells. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been implicated in various human diseases such as brain tumor, osteo- arthritis, schizophrenia, and breast cancer. Generally, miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by binding to their specific mRNAs, thereby blocking their translation of the mRNAs. However, a few studies have reported that miRNAs could also upregulate the translation of certain proteins. This shows the important roles of miRNAs in various cell functions. This chapter will focus on the role of miRNAs in normal osteoblast and osteo sarcoma cells. In addition, the great potential of miRNA as a new therapeutic approach to treat human bone diseases will also be discussed. serum miRNA expression profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 20 PDB patients. The results showed that 22 miRNAs were significantly upregulated with a fold change above three (miR-31, miR-32, miR-124a, miR-132, miR-182, miR-221, miR-339, miR-345, miR-410, miR-451, miR-485.3p) or between 2 and 3 (miR-19a, miR-30b, miR-30c, miR-27a, miR-125a, miR-146a, miR-148a, miR-200c, miR-223, miR-301, miR-365) when compared to non pagetic controls. Among the 22 miRNAs, these 14 miRNAs (miR-19a, miR-miR-27a, miR-30c, miR-32, miR-125a, miR-132, miR-200c, miR-221, miR-223, miR-301, miR-345, miR-365, miR-410, and miR-485-3p) showed significantly higher expression in patients that experienced Q16STM1 mutation [ 58 ].","PeriodicalId":289207,"journal":{"name":"Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128683368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Transcriptional Regulation 非编码rna在转录调控中的作用

Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76125

Loudu Srijyothi, S. Ponne, Talukdar Prathama, C. Ashok, S. Baluchamy

{"title":"Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Transcriptional Regulation","authors":"Loudu Srijyothi, S. Ponne, Talukdar Prathama, C. Ashok, S. Baluchamy","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76125","url":null,"abstract":"Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA molecules that are transcribed from mammalian genome but lack protein coding capacity. Nearly 80% of the human genome constitutes non-coding elements such as small non-coding RNAs, sncRNAs (miRNA, piRNA, SiRNA, SnRNA) and long non-coding RNAs, lncRNAs (linc RNA, NAT, eRNA, circ RNA, ceRNAs, PROMPTS). These ncRNAs have been extensively studied and are known to mediate the regulation of gene expression. In recent decades, lncRNAs have emerged as pivotal molecules that participate in the post-transcriptional regulation by acting as a signal, guide, scaffold and decoy molecules in addition to their role(s) in transcription. ncRNAs are known to play critical roles in defining DNA methylation patterns, imprinting as well as chromatin remodeling, thus having a substantial effect in epigenetic signaling. The expression of lncRNAs is regulated in a tissue specific and developmental stage specific manner and their mis-regulation is often associated with tumorigenesis. Henceforth, this chapter focuses mainly on the role(s) of ncRNAs in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation and their relevance in cancers.","PeriodicalId":289207,"journal":{"name":"Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124428407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Transcription Factors and MicroRNA Interplay: A New Strategy for Crop Improvement 转录因子与MicroRNA相互作用:作物改良的新策略

Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75942

Sumit Jangra, V. Chaudhary, N. Yadav

{"title":"Transcription Factors and MicroRNA Interplay: A New Strategy for Crop Improvement","authors":"Sumit Jangra, V. Chaudhary, N. Yadav","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75942","url":null,"abstract":"MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors are master regulators of the cellular sys- tem. Plant genomes contain thousands of protein-coding and non-coding RNA genes; which are differentially expressed in different tissues at different times during growth and development. Complex regulatory networks that are controlled by transcription factors and microRNAs, which coordinate gene expression. Transcription factors, the key regulators of plant growth and development, are the targets of the miRNAs families. The combinatorial regulation of transcription factors and miRNAs guides the appropriate implementation of biological events and developmental processes. The resources on the regulatory cascades of transcription factors and miRNAs are available in the context of human diseases, but these resources are meager in case of plant diseases. On the other hand, it is also important to understand the cellular and physiological events needed to operate the miRNAs networks. The relationship between transcription factors and miRNA in different plant species described in this chapter will be of great interest to plant scientists, providing better insights into the mechanism of action and interactions among transcription factors (TFs) and miRNA networks culminating in improving key agronomic traits for crop improvement to meet the future global food demands.","PeriodicalId":289207,"journal":{"name":"Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125376401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The Glucocorticoid Receptor and Certain KRÜPPEL-Like Transcription Factors have the Potential to Synergistically Stimulate Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Transcription and Reactivation from Latency 糖皮质激素受体和某些KRÜPPEL-Like转录因子具有协同刺激牛疱疹病毒1型转录和潜伏期再激活的潜力

Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation Pub Date : 2018-03-15 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75451

Fouad S El-Mayet, A. El-Habbaa, G. El-Bagoury, S. Sharawi, E. El-Nahas, Clinton Jones

{"title":"The Glucocorticoid Receptor and Certain KRÜPPEL-Like Transcription Factors have the Potential to Synergistically Stimulate Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Transcription and Reactivation from Latency","authors":"Fouad S El-Mayet, A. El-Habbaa, G. El-Bagoury, S. Sharawi, E. El-Nahas, Clinton Jones","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75451","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), an important bovine pathogen, establishes life-long latency in sensory neurons within trigeminal ganglia (TG). Stress, as mimicked by the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone, consistently induces reactivation in calves latently infected with BoHV-1. Dexamethasone induces expression of several transcription factors in TG neurons during early stages of reactivation, including Krüppel-like transcription factors (KLF): KLF4, KLF6, KLF15, and promyelocytic leukemia zinc fin -ger. Furthermore, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is consistently detected in TG neu- rons expressing viral regulatory proteins during reactivation from latency. The viral immediate early transcription unit 1 (IEtu1) promoter that drives expression of two viral transcription factors (bICP0 and bICP4) contains two GR response elements (GREs) and is stimulated by DEX. KLF15 and the GR form a feed forward transcription loop that synergistically stimulates productive infection and IEtu1 promoter activity. New studies demonstrate the GR and KLF6 synergistically stimulate productive infection and IEtu1 promoter activity if the GREs are intact. Furthermore, the GR and KLF6 interact with wild-type GREs within the IEtu1 promoter, but not GRE mutants. These studies suggest that certain KLF family members and the GR can convert a silent viral genome in latently infected neurons into an actively transcribing genome during reactivation from latency.","PeriodicalId":289207,"journal":{"name":"Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Regulation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121281680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9