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Evaluation of Engine Oil Degradation (MO) Shell Helix HX-8, Sae 5W-30 on BMW 330d Xdrive 壳牌螺旋HX-8, Sae 5W-30在BMW 330d Xdrive上的机油降解(MO)评估
Science & Military Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.33-38
M. Marko, Jindřich Stehlík
{"title":"Evaluation of Engine Oil Degradation (MO) Shell Helix HX-8, Sae 5W-30 on BMW 330d Xdrive","authors":"M. Marko, Jindřich Stehlík","doi":"10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.33-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.33-38","url":null,"abstract":"Work deals with the description of the used technology and motor oil used in my work. The next section describes the engine oils and the monitored degradation parameters of engine oils. In the practical were performed tribodiagnostic measurements of oil level during downtime of the BMW 330d Xdrive in order to determine the current quality status of engine oil and the degree of its degradation.","PeriodicalId":282324,"journal":{"name":"Science & Military","volume":" 43","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120831671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of Technological Changes on the Development of Military Leaders 技术变革对军事领导人发展的影响
Science & Military Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.52651/sam.a.2022.1.37-42
J. Nohel, Zdenek Flasar, M. Podhorec, Bryan Pakula
{"title":"The Impact of Technological Changes on the Development of Military Leaders","authors":"J. Nohel, Zdenek Flasar, M. Podhorec, Bryan Pakula","doi":"10.52651/sam.a.2022.1.37-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2022.1.37-42","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on possible directions of development of leadership in future military operations. It describes the principles of leading people and the functions of a leader-commander necessary for fulfilling tasks. However, as the rate of automation and robotization in leading military operations increases, the role of a leader-commander changes. Communication and information technologies allow directing military operations in a larger area with a higher degree of independence of the individual elements of the deployed forces as well as the decentralization of command and control. The increasingly more common use of autonomous systems brings a sizable challenge in the shape of commanding robots into the leadership process.","PeriodicalId":282324,"journal":{"name":"Science & Military","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114912531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement of Crosshair Shift on Magnification Change in Field-Conditions 野外条件下放大倍率变化下准星位移的测量
Science & Military Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.29-32
J.R.F. Baca, Ivan Pemcak
{"title":"Measurement of Crosshair Shift on Magnification Change in Field-Conditions","authors":"J.R.F. Baca, Ivan Pemcak","doi":"10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.29-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.29-32","url":null,"abstract":"Crosshair shift with changing magnification of VIS camera is investigated in this article. The shift is a real problem that can significantly worsen fire-control system performance. The main condition of this measurement is ability to perform it on mounted devices in real fire-control system in field condition, it means that the measurement is adjusted to be done with accessible equipment. To measure this shift it is important to design target image which enables the shift measurement. Inaccuracy of this measurement is also discussed. The theoretical solution of the problem is demonstrated on experimental measurement.","PeriodicalId":282324,"journal":{"name":"Science & Military","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128574740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Relevant Energetic Proportions for Elint Activities in the HF Frequency Band 高频电子活动的相关能量比例分析
Science & Military Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.52651/sam.a.2022.2.11-17
M. Pacek, Z. Matousek
{"title":"Analysis of Relevant Energetic Proportions for Elint Activities in the HF Frequency Band","authors":"M. Pacek, Z. Matousek","doi":"10.52651/sam.a.2022.2.11-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2022.2.11-17","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligence as a warfighting function is a continuous process. It is carried out before planning the mission, during the preparation of the mission, and during its execution as well. The results of the intelligence warfighting function enable commanders to predict the course of action for potential threats and facilitate the commander´s decision-making process. If intelligence information is derived from foreign communication (Communication Intelligence) and noncommunication (Electronic Intelligence) electromagnetic radiations by other than intended recipients, we are speaking about Signals Intelligence. Communication and noncommunication foreign emitters might be also denoted as Radio-Electronic objects. This paper presents an algorithm for analysis of some relevant energetic proportions of a skywave propagation, with consideration of Electronic Intelligence in the high-frequency band. In terms of Electronic Intelligence, Radio-Electronic object is represented by the Over-The-Horizon radar.","PeriodicalId":282324,"journal":{"name":"Science & Military","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134128084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relevant Tasks for UAV Protection Systems in Relation to the Aerial Scenario of Nuclear Facilities 核设施空中场景下无人机防护系统的相关任务
Science & Military Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.39-44
Zoltán Bebesi, Zsolt Jurás
{"title":"Relevant Tasks for UAV Protection Systems in Relation to the Aerial Scenario of Nuclear Facilities","authors":"Zoltán Bebesi, Zsolt Jurás","doi":"10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.39-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.39-44","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to present the risks that Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (also called Drones) pose for nuclear facilities. The technologic advancements of these unmanned aerial vehicles are one of the most dynamically evolving industries currently; which while through the growing widespread and numerical increase represent many advantageous usability, are also starting to pose an ever-increasing threat. An increasing number of cases get reported when UAVs violated the airspace and security of critical infrastructure facilities. The paper includes a technological overview of the UAVs, their use-cases and a discussion of the security risks they represent. In order to present the actuality of the topic, the recent nuclear power plant endangerment incidents committed by drones and the properties of drones that represent a potential source of danger are detailed. Additionally, the physical protection technologies of nuclear power plants are discussed; also, the importance of capabilities for the detection, delay and neutralisation of drones. In the final chapters we present our conclusions and suggestions.","PeriodicalId":282324,"journal":{"name":"Science & Military","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114839996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tribotechnical Diagnostics – Motor Oil (MO) Castrol EDGE Sae 5W30 Characteristics Control on Škoda Octavia II 摩擦学诊断-马达油(MO)嘉实多EDGE Sae 5W30特性控制Škoda明锐II
Science & Military Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.5-12
Martin Haluška, M. Marko
{"title":"Tribotechnical Diagnostics – Motor Oil (MO) Castrol EDGE Sae 5W30 Characteristics Control on Škoda Octavia II","authors":"Martin Haluška, M. Marko","doi":"10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.5-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52651/sam.a.2023.1.5-12","url":null,"abstract":"This work deals with tribotechnical diagnostics, more specifically checking the properties of the motor oil used in the Škoda Octavia II during regular use of the vehicle and after a certain number of kilometers. The work consists of a brief theoretical basis of measuring instruments, their operation as well as the theoretical basis of the measured liquid for the very beginning of the measurement. The practical part of this work will consist of measuring the properties of oil and monitoring its gradual degradation with the help of individual devices. Diagnostic measurements were performed in the diagnostics laboratory of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Armed Forces Academy of General Milan Rastislav Štefánik (hereinafter \"AOS\") in Liptovský Mikuláš.","PeriodicalId":282324,"journal":{"name":"Science & Military","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129501820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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