SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Neuroscience and Organizational Trust: Biological Mechanisms for Enhanced Learning","authors":"Rob E. Carpenter","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Individual representations of trust are deeply rooted in individual consciousness and serve as significant cognitive constraints, influenced by neural processes and psychiatric factors. This paper aims to highlight the often overlooked or under-operationalized role of human trust's biological agency within the context of organizational learning. From a psychiatric and neuroscience perspective, the paper proposes that through intentional management practices, the biological agency of trust, mediated by neural mechanisms, can act as a proxy for organizational learning. It suggests that adopting a more scientific approach to management, informed by an understanding of neural and psychiatric underpinnings, can enhance employee trust from a biological standpoint, thereby optimizing human potential. This paper contributes to the literature by exploring the rarely examined intersection of human biology, neuroscience, and organizational learning, offering new insights into their combined impact.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"42 S198","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Opinion on the Prescription Practice of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors for Major Depressive Disorder in Indian Settings","authors":"M. S, Krishna Kumar M","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To gather expert opinions and insights on the prevalence of anxiety and depression, along with prescription trends for different therapeutic options based on escitalopram, in Indian outpatient settings. Methodology: The questionnaire-based survey, comprising 28 questions, collected perspectives of experts across India regarding the prescription practice of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with a special focus on escitalopram for treating major depressive disorder. Additionally, information on the symptoms of major depressive disorder and the age range of those affected by the disorder was also collected. Results: About 53% of the 331 participants reported that behavioral symptoms were the most frequent among depressed patients. Among the various classes of antidepressants, about 86% of the participants indicated SSRIs as their preferred choice for treating depression. In comparison to vilazodone, paroxetine, and sertraline medications, approximately 87% of the respondents favored escitalopram as the ideal option for treating depression. According to 64% of the respondents, the use of escitalopram has led to improvements in 50-75% of patients. Around 74% of the respondents reported a significant correlation between early responders to antidepressant therapies and achieving full remission. About 49% stated that it may take 8 weeks for depressive patients undergoing escitalopram therapy to experience remission. Adverse effects and poor response were highlighted as the reasons for depressive patients transitioning from other SSRI medications to escitalopram by approximately 43% of the respondents. Conclusion: The survey emphasizes the significance of the 8-week regimen of escitalopram in achieving full remission in patients with depression. The majority of respondents underscored the superiority of escitalopram among SSRIs when compared to other options like vilazodone, paroxetine, and sertraline, reaffirming its role as a preferred choice for effective depression treatment.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"117 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140459251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Futuristic Vision of Neuroscience and the Vast World of Biomedical Science","authors":"S. Palit","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Science, technology, engineering and medicine are today in the groundbreaking path of scientific steadfastness and scientific alacrity. The futuristic vision of biomedical science and neuroscience are today in the path of rejuvenation as United Nations Sustainable Development Goals reframes the path of human civilization. The author is suffering from schizophrenia since 1993. Long years have passed since then. The struggle, hardship and tribulations are immense in the path of life. This article is a deep introspection into the field of schizophrenia, neuroscience and biomedical science. This treatise is a deep message to all the sufferers of this difficult ailment of schizophrenia. The march of medical science and health science are in the path of newer divination and scientific revelation. Human civilization is treading ahead as regards scientific strides in the vast world of neuroscience. The author deeply reiterates the need of psychotherapy and counseling of the patients with schizophrenia. A greater scientific emancipation and scientific introspection are the needs of the hour. Thus the author deeply portrays the needs of biomedical science and the vast and visionary world of neuroscience in the futuristic envisioning of global research and development initiatives.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140498880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Vast and Diverse World of the Science of Paranoid Schizophrenia, Scientific Vision of Cognitive Science and a Biomedical Science Perspective","authors":"S. Palit","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.005","url":null,"abstract":"The world of challenges in the field of medical science, biomedical science, health sciences and engineering are in the path of newer scientific and technological regeneration. In the similar vision, the science of psychology and psychiatry are also in the avenues of deep scientific ingenuity and scientific prowess. This is a case study of the author who is suffering from schizophrenia from November, 1993. Since October, 2012, he is diagnosed with glaucoma in his both eyes. Long years of agony, ardor, trials and tribulations have passed since then. This treatise deeply elucidates the strong ardor and mental health challenges faced by the author since November, 1993. Medical science, health science and technology needs to be revamped and re-envisioned as regards treatment and cure of this difficult mental health illness. The author deeply pronounces the needs of psychotherapy and counselling in the treatment and well-being of the patient. This article reiterates the revamping of the science of paranoid schizophrenia since this is an incurable ailment. Scientific rejuvenation and deep technological vision are the utmost needs of the hour. The field of biomedical sciences and biological engineering will truly open newer windows of scientific innovation and scientific triumph in decades to come. This article is a message to all sufferers of the ailment of schizophrenia and other bi-polar disorders. Surely a newer day and a newer dawn in medical science will emerge if discoveries and innovations moves towards positive directions in treatment and cure. Civilization and science will surely usher in a newer dawn in the science of psychiatry if there is an effective support system from doctors and psychologists across the globe. In the similar vision the domain of healthcare system across the world will witness newer scientific regeneration if researchers, scientists, students and policy makers takes affirmative steps and affirmative vision in the scientific research pursuit in psychological science in decades to come. Recent breakthroughs in cognitive science and neuroscience will surely usher in newer dimensions in treatment and cure of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140508861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Opinion on the Prescription Practice of Levetiracetam for Different Types of Epilepsy in Indian Clinical Settings","authors":"Manjula S, Krishna Kumar M","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Despite some studies assessing antiepileptic drug usage patterns in single-centre settings, there was a lack of consensus regarding usage patterns, drug choices for various seizure types, and the sociodemographic and clinical factors that influence treatment decisions in India. So, this current survey-based study was intended to gather expert opinions regarding the clinical use of anti-epileptic drugs with a special focus on levetiracetam for the management of epilepsy in Indian settings. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study involving 25 questions collected perspectives of experts across India regarding the prescription practice of anti-epileptic drugs for epilepsy management. It was noted that majority of the responders (85.93% of 192 experts) stated levetiracetam as a preferred therapeutic option for patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Levetiracetam 1000 mg/day was the frequently recommended dosage for such patients in clinical practice (66%). Approximately 76% of the experts suggested that patients receiving the drug might experience behavioural changes. About 49% and 82% of responders recommended levetiracetam for treating resistant epilepsy and pregnant epilepsy respectively. Nearly 62% of the clinicians recommended levetiracetam for paediatric patients with partial seizures over other antiepileptic drugs. Levetiracetam and brivaracetam were both rated as beneficial for treating epileptic patients by 50% of clinicians. Levetiracetam was rated as being more effective than brivaracetam by 28% of clinicians, while brivaracetam was rated as being more effective by 14% of clinicians. Hence, this consensus among clinician’s highlights levetiracetam as the preferred antiepileptic medication for the management of patients with recently diagnosed epilepsy. This recommendation extends patients with refractory epilepsy, pregnant subjects with epilepsy, and young children experiencing partial seizures, where the majority of the clinicians endorse levetiracetam over alternative antiepileptic medications. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam offer comparable treatment benefits for patients with epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Vision of Schizophrenia Ailment, the Vision of Neurodegenerative Ailments and the Visionary Future of Biomedical Research","authors":"S. Palit","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2024.v05i01.002","url":null,"abstract":"The world of science, technology, engineering and medicine are today in the vast and visionary path of innovations and discoveries. The ailment of schizophrenia ailment and other neurodegenerative disorders in the similar vision are today in the midst of a deep crevice of scientific and medical introspection and ingenuity. The author is suffering from schizophrenia from the year 1993. Long years have passed since then and the suffering is immense and arduous. Since October 2012, the author is diagnosed with glaucoma in his both eyes. In this article the author deeply elucidates the vast and varied suffering, trials and tribulations of life and the needs of care and support from parents, relatives and doctors. Today is the world of Fourth Industrial Revolution and Internet 4.0. The ardor, the immense agony within the patient is elucidated in this article. Surely a newer and remarkable dawn in the science of neurodegenerative ailments and treatment will emerge if man and mankind takes positive and sound steps in the futuristic vision of the treatment of bipolar disorders and the vast world of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"29 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Vast and Varied World of Schizophrenia Ailment, Long Years of Struggle, Ardor and the Vision for the Future","authors":"Sukanchan Palit","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i05.001","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s scientific landscape, science, engineering, technology and medicine are today in the path of newer scientific rejuvenation. The science of psychology and psychiatry needs to be envisioned and reframed with the passage of global scientific history and time. The author is suffering from schizophrenia for the last 30 years since November, 1993. Long years of agony, trials and tribulations have passed since then. From 2012, the author has glaucoma in his both eyes. In this article, the author deeply elucidates the need of immense help from doctors and relatives in the futuristic vision of the huge domain of medical science. This article is targeted towards patients of the illness of schizophrenia and the need of immense medical help needed by them. Human civilization’s immense scientific vision, ingenuity and forbearance are today in a state of disaster as regards treatment of schizophrenia. There are practically no treatment of schizophrenia today. This article deeply stresses on these medical science issues and the ardor of life.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135942840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Vast World of the Science of Schizophrenia, the Immense Trials and Tribulations of Life and the Vast and Visionary Future","authors":"S. Palit","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Today is the world of scientific and technological innovations in the field of medical science. Schizophrenia is a difficult ailment to treat. The author is suffering from schizophrenia for the last 30 years. Today since 2012 he is suffering from eye ailment and has glaucoma in his both eyes. The author lucidly and with cogent insight describes the agony and pain he experienced in the last 30 years. Today is the world of Fifth Industrial Revolution and application of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The vast world of the science of schizophrenia ailment needs to be re- envisioned and reframed as regards treatment and cure. Human sufferings and travails, trials and tribulations are immense for a mental patient suffering with this irrecoverable and monstrous ailment. Surely a new dawn in human civilization, man and mankind will emerge if doctors and medical health professionals takes active and positive steps in scientific research endeavor in the field of schizophrenia. The author deeply discusses these issues in this article. Science has advanced a lot since 1993 when the author was diagnosed with schizophrenia. The author deeply contemplates the need of psychology and psychiatry in the path towards a patient’s illness, treatment and revival.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124558147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arterial Hypertension and Cognitive Disorders: What are the Risks?","authors":"M. Bourin","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention of cognitive disorders and dementia is a major public health issue. Several studies have found a significant association between the existence of arterial hypertension and the onset of cognitive disorders and dementia (vascular or Alzheimer's disease) several years later. Arterial hypertension causes vascular changes that affect blood flow and brain metabolism. Cognitive disorders may be related to the presence of focal ischemic lesions (infarction, lacunae) and/or chronic white matter ischemia (leucoaraiosis) related to damage to the small cerebral arteries (arteriosclerosis). Recent work also suggests that cerebral hypoxia and endothelial function abnormalities lead to changes in the blood-brain barrier leading to an accumulation of β-amyloid protein in the brain and the formation of responsible amyloid plaques. of Alzheimer's disease. Few therapeutic trials have included cognitive assessment and/or diagnosis of dementia. They all raise some important criticisms: cognition is never the primary endpoint, follow-up is too short to study dementia; the evaluation of cognitive functions is very summary, the number of patients \"lost to sight\" is significant and the subjects at risk of developing dementia are in very low proportion.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125800213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on Blood Disorder and Lung Disease","authors":"Z. H. Tanveer, Aliya Raza, R. Zafar, S. Zafar, Jamil Ahmed Lakhair, Shaher Murad, S. Shaheena","doi":"10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjpn.2023.v04i03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease due to smoking. It is avertable as well as treatable. COPD is a one of the main cause of morbidity and mortality affecting developed and developing countries. We aim to estimate burden of anemia at a tertiary care public sector hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study, done at JPMC Karachi in 2014. All COPD patients admitted in medicine and pulmonology departments were enrolled in this study. After informed consent, data of complete blood count was accessed from medical record and anemia was labeled as per operational definition. Data analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. Frequency and percentage proportion of qualitative variables, mean and standard deviation of numerical values were calculated with P value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Of 137 cases, 118(86.13%) were males and 19(13.87%) were females while male to female ratio was 6.2: 1. The average age and weight of the patients was 58.31±12.17 years and 59.36±10.56kg, similarly average duration of disease and hemoglobin of the patients was 5.69±4.42 years and 12.34±1.58 mg/dl respectively. 37.96% (52/137) patients were anemic in our study. Rate of anemia in COPD patients was not significant among age groups (p=0.076) and with duration of disease (p=0.22). Conclusion: Anemia seems to be a common feature in COPD (37.96%), mechanisms involved in the genesis of anemia in COPD are poorly studied. Low hemoglobin level can have adverse effects on certain respiratory parameters in COPD, increasing morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":282104,"journal":{"name":"SAR Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125020974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}