Cross River Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients presenting with Cervico-Facial Cellulitis at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.","authors":"O. Osunde, C. Anyanechi, B. Etim, B. Fomete","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.143538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.143538","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objective: The study is aimed at evaluating the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who presented with infections involving the cervico-facial region in a Nigerian tertiary hospital\u0000Patients and Methods: All patients that were managed for cervico-facial infections, over a 4-year period, at the Oral and Maxillofacial Unit of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria were retrospectively studied. The information obtained were the demographics, duration of symptoms, month of the year, source of infection, fascia space(s) involved, whether managed on in or out-patient basis, duration of hospital stay where applicable, treatment done, complications and treatment outcome. The information was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 13, Illinois, Chicago). P<0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: A total of 36 cases comprising 19 males and 17 females were seen, giving a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. The ages ranged from 2 -73 years, mean 40.6 ±17.12 years. Patients aged 21 and above were mostly affected and the most commonly affected age was the 51-60 years (n=9; 25%) age group. This was followed by the 21-30 years and the 31-40 years age brackets each equally represented by 7 (19.4%) cases. Distribution of\u0000cases was bimodal, with the first peak at January and February and second peak at June. This monthly distribution was significant (Fisher’s\u0000Exact test: ×2= 29.487; P=0.001). The buccal space was the most commonly affected accounting for 14 (38.9%), and this was followed by\u0000bilateral sublingual, submandibular and submental spaces (Ludwig’sangina) with observed frequency of 6 (16.7%). The source of infection was mainly of dental origin (n=34; 94.4% with non-odontogenic sources accounting for only 2 (5.6%) cases. Those of odontogenic origin was mainly due to infections involving lower molars (n=17; 50%). The length of hospital stay ranged from 2-21 days, mean (SD), 7.8 (4.9) days. Two out of the 36\u0000patients died, giving a mortality of 5.6%. Involvement of distant sites outside the cervico-facial region (OR=1.67; P=0.016), time interval between onset and presentation to the Oral and Maxillofacial Unit (OR=1.33; P=0.044), as well as age of patients (OR=3.00; P=0.005) were\u0000found to significantly contribute to survival of patients.\u0000Conclusion: Buccal space was most commonly involved site which is different from most previous reports from Nigeria. Late presentation to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, advanced age and distant spread were the contributory factors to poor prognosis.","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130407014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diphtheria Outbreak in Nigeria: An Epidemiological Evidence Review","authors":"A. Azees, T. Soyannwo, M. Adebayo, M. Osinubi, G. Imhonopi","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.149506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.149506","url":null,"abstract":"Although diphtheria is vaccine-preventable, mortality still affect children, teenagers and adults. The current multistate outbreak in Nigeria demonstrates that gaps still exist in routine immunization programs, resulting in zero or suboptimal vaccination. Recently, there have been diphtheria outbreaks in Southeast Asia, Africa and Europe, with varying fatalities among affected populations. Nonetheless, the current outbreak in Nigeria could have been averted if the gaps in immunization coverage had been addressed early enough. To draw specific conclusions for preventing recurrence, this report presents an epidemiological review of diphtheria, focusing on the current outbreak in Nigeria, the potential triggers and ways to bridge the gaps that exist to avert future occurrence.","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121630341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEDICAL STUDENT INVOLVEMENT IN RESEARCH: TRENDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES","authors":"I. Ado, Glorious Akpegah, Imaobong Udoukpong, Evans Abiaka, Rosette Ashong, Gideon Okobru, D. Essien","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.151581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.151581","url":null,"abstract":"Undergraduate medical education in Nigeria has come a long way since its inception over seven decades ago. However, the involvement of medical students in extra-curricular clinical research is poor, falling short of international standards. This article examines the problem using local literature, summarizing the trend and associated issues. Existing studies, which are scant, show that research participation among undergraduate medical students in Nigeria is low. Barriers included insufficient research training, lack of mentorship programs, funding impediments, curriculum constraints, and gender-related disparities. The article concludes that equipping medical students with research skills is essential for a solid foundation in their career as clinical scientists, which will enable them to make crucial contributions to the advancement of medicine. Recommendations are offered based on the gaps identified.","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"453 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115958976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NECK CIRCUMFERENCE, BODY WEIGHT AND BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN CALABAR, NIGERIA","authors":"C. Uzomba, O. Asemota, E. Asemota, E. Nsa, Amalachukwu Uzomba, M. Anah","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.153017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.153017","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117172942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nigeria's Flood Disaster Unpreparedness: Impacts On Health And Society.","authors":"Faithful Daniel, Monica Gbuchie, Victoria Emeruwa, Williams Ike, Ntishor Udam, Augustina O. Torubiri","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.162000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.162000","url":null,"abstract":"Floods in Nigeria have been a perennial problem for over 60 years, occurring during the rainy season. Some causes include climate change, housing development on flood plains, poor urban drainage systems, and under-damming. The 2022 nationwide flooding crisis worsened poverty, food insecurity, and gendered vulnerabilities in Nigeria. Floods are associated with the loss of lives and properties, which exacerbate psychosocial stressors and threaten the resilience of residents. This paper explores the health and economic perspectives of the floods and examines Nigeria’s preparedness for future recurrences. It highlights the health implications of flooding, such as waterborne diseases and psychosocial issues, and pandemic preparedness. To address these challenges, we advocate for community-based early warning systems, disaster risk mapping, and operationalizing the National Disaster Management Framework. Urgent action is essential to strengthen the resilience of communities against the brewing threats on their shores","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125059275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dearth of State-Owned Medical Training Facilities: A Challenging Situation in Cross River State","authors":"Ntishor Udam, Terem Udam, Williams Ike, Kosy Kelechi, Ukeme Samuel","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.153997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.153997","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116418824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): An often-overlooked cause of Cytopenias","authors":"H. Ekpenyong, H. Olaosebikan, Onosenigbuan Onwualu, Idowu Alabi, Hassana Aliyu","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.146005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.146005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Haematological manifestations are common in SLE, but cytopenias are rarely the only abnormality at diagnosis.\u0000Case Summary: We report the case of a 40-year-old woman who was admitted for recurrent anaemia with a 2-month history of constitutional symptoms and no other complaints. Her Full Blood Count (FBC) showed bi-cytopenia, a Haemoglobin level of 4g/dl and a platelet level of 77x103/μl. An Autoimmune serology revealed a positive Antinuclear antibody (ANA) test at 1:2560 and positive SLE antibodies. The diagnosis of SLE was established using the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2019 classification criteria. She was commenced on steroids and Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARD), and there was a sustained increase in her Haemoglobin and platelet count. She subsequently required no further blood transfusions.\u0000Conclusion: SLE can present in a myriad of ways. It is, however, essential to note that haematological features may be the sole manifestation at the time of diagnosis. Early recognition and commencement of appropriate treatment often improve prognosis.","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127996059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Use of Contraceptives among Female Undergraduates in Kwara State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Isa, A. Aderibigbe, Sherif Azees, I. Lawal, S. Olaosebikan, Sulaiman Adana, Ikechukwu Okeke","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.144088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.144088","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116957146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Temporary Anchorage Devices in Orthodontics: A Literature Review","authors":"Joseph Otaren, Idia Iyamu","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.147164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.147164","url":null,"abstract":"Anchorage control is one of the most essential keys for success in clinical orthodontics. Anchorage loss is a primary concern associated with orthodontic procedures. Numerous devices have been proposed and used for over a century to get the appropriate anchorage. Extraoral anchorages such as headgears or facemasks are the most effective tools but are limited because their effectiveness depends on patient compliance. Using skeletal anchorage, such as Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs), to retract anterior maxillary teeth is an old technique developed in 1945. Despite their small diameter and short length, TADs can provide stable anchorage for multiple tooth movements, including intrusion, retraction, and protraction. This article examined the various applications of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in clinical orthodontics. The risk factors and complications of TADs application in clinical orthodontics were identified. As the younger generations of orthodontists enter practice and the academic arenas, TADs use will continue to increase if trends continue as they have in the past several years.","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131087067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical manifestations of candidiasis among patients with vulvovaginitis in a tertiary institution in Southern Nigeria","authors":"K. Wariso, I. Oboro, Jeremiah Igumna","doi":"10.5455/crjmed.143534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/crjmed.143534","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objective: Candidiasis is a very common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge all over the world. Some of the affected patients may be asymptomatic. The symptoms range from mild to severe clinical manifestations. Most of the affected symptomatic patients present with abnormal vaginal discharge, pruritus and dyspareunia. Although it is considered a sexually transmitted disease because it is sexually transmissible, it can also affect those who have no sexual experience. There is no record of the prevalence and clinical manifestations of Candidiasis among patients with Vulvovaginitis that have visited our hospital previously; we decided to put the records straight by researching on it.\u0000Material and methods: One hundred female patients who presented to various clinics in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) Port Harcourt, Rivers State, with symptoms suggestive of Vulvovaginitis were sent for high vaginal swab test in our Medical Microbiology laboratory. The swabs were collected; microscopy, culture and gram staining were done using standardized methods.\u0000Results: Out of the 100 patients with Vulvovaginitis, 30(30%) had Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Majority of the patients had abnormal vaginal discharge and pruritus while the least number reported symptoms consistent with dyspareunia.\u0000Conclusion: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis is a common infection among women. Some of the affected women may be asymptomatic but may still transmit the infection. Though lower than what obtains in some other settings the prevalence of 30%, is still significant.","PeriodicalId":278908,"journal":{"name":"Cross River Journal of Medicine","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132737542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}