{"title":"Low Voltage Trench-Gate MOSFETs for High Efficiency Auxiliary Power Supply Applications","authors":"E. Armando, F. Fusillo, S. Musumeci, F. Scrimizzi","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890217","url":null,"abstract":"the paper deals with advanced trench-gate MOSFET devices impact on the performance optimization of auxiliary power supply for electronics accessories on electric or hybrid vehicle. The synchronous buck converter has been identified as a typical topology in no-isolated power supply applications for low voltage electronic systems. The synchronous buck converter is applied to regulate both the voltage and current need for accessory loads in new generation cars. Enhanced strip-layout trench-gate MOSFETs are investigated in static and dynamic conditions to improve the efficiency and dynamic performances in an actual DC-DC synchronous buck converter application.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131765464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EV Recharge for the Supply of Balancing Services in Italy: Preliminary Techno-Economic Evaluations","authors":"S. Canevese, D. Cirio, M. Gallanti, A. Gatti","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890144","url":null,"abstract":"The profitability of the supply of Balancing Services (BS) by an Electric Vehicle (EV), via participation in the Italian Balancing Market (BM), is evaluated. First of all, daily EV recharge is simulated without service supply (benchmark recharge). The related annual electricity bill is computed by assuming energy to be bought at Day-Ahead Market (DAM) prices. Then, to exploit price differences between the BM and the DAM, the recharge is simulated via energy exchanges for the BS. The resulting electricity bill is compared to the benchmark bill. Study cases include one- directional (V1G) and bi-directional (V2G) recharge, for a domestic or non-domestic EV user. In the VlG cases, participation in the BM is found to be profitable, while in the V2G cases the increased energy exchanges related to the BS imply also more charges and taxes, so an increased bill. To make V2G attractive for the end user, a partial exemption from paying charges on the energy exchanges for the BS is considered. For the domestic user, the exemption is necessary both for the energy absorbed from the grid and for the energy actually injected into the grid, while for the non-domestic user it is enough for the energy absorbed.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133275788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Considering Dynamic Interdependencies in Modeling Reactive Power Behavior of Distribution Grids","authors":"M. Maercks, Patrick Larscheid, A. Moser","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890069","url":null,"abstract":"A high share of the increasing amount of renewably generated electrical energy is fed to distribution grids. Renewable energy facilities as well as new kinds of load lead to highly stressed distribution grids with corresponding reactive power demand. When evaluating voltages in the transmission system, the reactive power behavior of distribution grids has to be considered. We conduct investigations evaluating typical medium and low voltage grids with varying types of automated controls comparing static voltage dependent models to a dynamic model with load recovery in situations with high feed-in gradients. Using a bottom-up approach, the impact of individual load-and feed-in-behavior on the reactive power demand of distribution grids as well as interdependencies with tap-changing behavior of distribution transformers is evaluated. We consider interdependencies with distribution system operation as applied in smart grids using detailed dynamic simulations in the timeframe of a few to several minutes. Thus, we illustrate the rising importance of considering dynamic interdependencies in modeling reactive power behavior of smart grids.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123519906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of Zn-air fuel cells for usage in energy storage and propulsion system","authors":"T. Donateo, C. Mele, F. Rossi, B. Bozzini","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890104","url":null,"abstract":"Zn-air devices can be used as either batteries or fuel cells. In both implementations, they hold great promises for future energy applications thanks to their relatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly raw materials, compared with the precious metal catalyst such as platinum, ruthenium or palladium used in other technologies. This work describes the results of the experimental characterization of a Zn-air fuel cell and its comparison, in terms of performance and efficiency with a “standard” fuel cell system represented by a PEM cell fed by hydrogen. The novelty of the investigation with respect to the state of the art is the characterization of Zn as a fuel and the analysis of the overall efficiency of the cell including thermodynamics, polarization and fuel usage losses. Moreover, the effect of electrolyte flow rate and electrolyte aging on the polarization curve of a Zn-air is analyzed.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115504900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. C. Oliveira, Lourenço Luís F. N., R. Monaro, Salles Maurício. B. C., J. Cardoso
{"title":"Probabilistic Assessment of Transformer Overcurrent in Distribution Systems with Increasing PV Penetration Levels","authors":"A. C. Oliveira, Lourenço Luís F. N., R. Monaro, Salles Maurício. B. C., J. Cardoso","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890067","url":null,"abstract":"The installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation in Brazil has experienced a fast growth since the net-metering bill approved in 2012. In only six years, the installed capacity has grown from 34.5 kW to 570,6 MW. If this trend continues, distribution system operators (DSO) must take the undesired effects of distributed generation into account in their planning studies. However, traditional planning algorithms based on deterministic power flow cannot capture the random aspects of PV generation. Hence, this study proposes a Monte Carlo Simulation approach for evaluating transformer overcurrent probability including real data from Brazilian PV panel market that could be used by DSOs. The proposed methodology is applied to a test system including a 72 kVA. 11/0.416 kV transformer with 55 loads with an aggregated load peak at 60 kW. Results shown that the increase in PV penetration level is followed by an increase in transformer overcurrent probability. Furthermore, it was shown that the 80 % PV penetration level is critical for the test system, as the steep of overcurrent probability increases. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted varying the control strategy of the PV system power factor and the transformer low-voltage level.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127968359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis and Design of the Protection Scheme for a LVDC Microgrid","authors":"R. Lazzari, L. Piegari","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890189","url":null,"abstract":"The growing diffusion of renewable energy sources is leading to a considerable revision of the distribution network. In this context, the adoption of direct current distribution grid can bring benefits to the hosting capacity and energy efficiency. However, the protection of such network involves many challenges, especially in case of LVDC microgrids with more than one feeder. The traditional protection schemes used for AC grid are not able to isolate faults and to protect the components of the DC grid. This paper deals with the analysis and design of the protection scheme for a low voltage DC microgrid, in presence of different renewable generators, energy storage systems, loads and front-end converter with the AC grid. The proposed centralized protection scheme overcomes issues of fast fault clearing time, cost effectiveness and selectivity in the case of pole-to-pole fault.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"287 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128369100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transitioning to Clean Energy - An Overview of Energy Taxes in BRICS","authors":"L. Steenkamp","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890150","url":null,"abstract":"Two years after the Paris Agreement on Climate Change (the ‘Paris Agreement’) entered into force, most signatory countries are faltering in achieving the pledges they made to reduce GHG emissions. The BRICS grouping is no exception, with all member countries falling among the top 20 fossil fuel emitters globally. Environmental taxes (of which energy tax is one example) may be one of the most cost effective methods of improving energy efficiency, reducing energy use and moving to clean energy. In other words, energy taxes could have an important role to play in helping the BRICS countries meet their Paris Agreement targets. Indeed, the OECD’s latest report on energy taxation calls for governments to enhance their use of energy taxes as a means of curbing GHG emissions and air pollution. Consequently, this paper examines the energy landscape and structure of energy taxation in each of the BRICS countries. Although BRICS nations differ in terms of their energy mix and energy intensity, this paper identifies some common features of energy taxes which could serve as a useful tool in helping countries to transition to clean energy.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128412617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Alfieri, A. Bracale, P. Varilone, Zbigniew Leonowicz, P. Kostyła, T. Sikorski, M. Wasowski
{"title":"Methods for Assessment of Supraharmonics in Power Systems. Part I: Theoretical Issues","authors":"L. Alfieri, A. Bracale, P. Varilone, Zbigniew Leonowicz, P. Kostyła, T. Sikorski, M. Wasowski","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890176","url":null,"abstract":"Modern Smart Grids (SGs) are characterized by the simultaneous presence of time-varying and non-linear loads as well as distributed energy sources with power converters which contribute to wide spectra waveform distortions. Moreover, one of the crucial device of the SG architectures is the smart metering systems which utilize high frequencies for the power line communication (PLC) transmission. In particular, the presence of spectral components in the range of 2div 150kHz (supraharmonics) has recently become an issue of great interest due to the interaction between widespread diffusion of high-spectral emission devices (e.g., end-user devices and converter-interfaced distributed generation systems) and power line communication systems. The complexity of these waveforms distortions makes their assessment a challenge. This paper critically analyses and compares two methods proposed in recent literature which seem particularly suitable for the spectral analysis of waveforms with wide spectra. One of the methods is based on the sliding-window discrete Fourier transform (SWDFT) referring to IEC standard harmonic estimation. The second method utilizes the sliding-window wavelet-modified ESPRIT-based method (SWWMEM). This is a companion document to a paper of the same title, Part II, where the methods are tested on synthetic and measured waveforms in terms of accuracy and computational efforts.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116574613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Carmeli, F. Castelli-Dezza, S. Moscatelli, M. Rossi, M. Mauri
{"title":"Modular modelling and efficiency analysis of a 3kV DC railway system","authors":"M. Carmeli, F. Castelli-Dezza, S. Moscatelli, M. Rossi, M. Mauri","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890094","url":null,"abstract":"Railway system efficiency is becoming more and more important. To be able to implement and realize more suitable solutions preliminary simulation studies are necessary. This paper proposes a railway system model which could be used to simulate these new configurations and to optimize high efficiency solutions. The proposed model is modular and flexible to facilitate the implementation of new components and strategies. A validation phase with an experimental train is presented and some energy saving strategies are proposed.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"902 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132562761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Coiro, F. De Luca, G. Troise, N. Bizzarrini, Guido Lazzerini
{"title":"Designing a safety structure for an onshore pivoted wave energy converter: numerical and experimental investigation","authors":"D. Coiro, F. De Luca, G. Troise, N. Bizzarrini, Guido Lazzerini","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890106","url":null,"abstract":"The present work concerns the development of a protection system for an onshore WEC device. The considered WEC system has been developed within a publicly funded research project, named GENERA, and is composed by a pivoting floating body which transfer wave energy to an electromechanical PTO. The energy conversion system, developed by Umbra Cuscinetti Spa, is composed by an electrical generator integrated in a ball-screw mechanism. The floating body, which operates the transformation of wave energy into mechanical energy, was developed by Seapower together with its support structure. In order to prevent possible damages due to extreme waves, the device is provided with a safety system. The principal loading conditions expected under extreme waves are investigated by means of numerical and experimental analyses.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126489561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}